全文获取类型
收费全文 | 23015篇 |
免费 | 83篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 14篇 |
2020年 | 33篇 |
2019年 | 52篇 |
2018年 | 3532篇 |
2017年 | 2853篇 |
2016年 | 2294篇 |
2015年 | 236篇 |
2014年 | 125篇 |
2013年 | 409篇 |
2012年 | 652篇 |
2011年 | 2450篇 |
2010年 | 2572篇 |
2009年 | 1528篇 |
2008年 | 1775篇 |
2007年 | 2256篇 |
2006年 | 113篇 |
2005年 | 304篇 |
2004年 | 264篇 |
2003年 | 194篇 |
2002年 | 150篇 |
2001年 | 73篇 |
2000年 | 89篇 |
1999年 | 65篇 |
1998年 | 71篇 |
1997年 | 50篇 |
1996年 | 68篇 |
1995年 | 51篇 |
1994年 | 54篇 |
1993年 | 48篇 |
1992年 | 50篇 |
1991年 | 34篇 |
1990年 | 45篇 |
1989年 | 39篇 |
1988年 | 33篇 |
1987年 | 37篇 |
1986年 | 34篇 |
1985年 | 48篇 |
1984年 | 32篇 |
1983年 | 44篇 |
1982年 | 39篇 |
1981年 | 31篇 |
1980年 | 31篇 |
1979年 | 19篇 |
1978年 | 25篇 |
1977年 | 22篇 |
1976年 | 19篇 |
1975年 | 16篇 |
1974年 | 22篇 |
1973年 | 17篇 |
1971年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
221.
Sealey DM Sumpter CE Temple W Foster TM 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2005,84(1):19-35
To examine the effects on concurrent performance of independent manipulations of response-unit duration and number, 6 hens were exposed to concurrent second-order schedules of reinforcement. Each first-order operant unit required completion of a fixed-ratio schedule within the time specified by a fixed-interval schedule, with one further response completing the fixed-interval schedule. The fixed-ratio and fixed-interval requirements comprising the first-order operant units were systematically and independently varied under three pairs of concurrent variable-interval schedules to produce differences in the first-order response and duration requirements (response and duration differentials). These manipulations produced consistent changes in response, time, and operant-unit biases. A 1:4 response differential biased the time and operant-unit measures towards the smaller fixed ratio, but to a degree less than the imposed response differential. The response-based biases favored the larger fixed ratio. Duration differentials of 4:1 and 8:1 biased the response and operant-unit measures towards the shorter fixed interval, again less than the imposed duration differential, but the time biases remained close to zero. Both sorts of differentials acted to bias operant-unit completions more systematically than the other measures, but undermatching to the differentials occurred. The undermatching appears to have arisen from a pattern of fix and sample (in which visits to the less preferred alternative involved only a single completed operant unit) under combinations of unequal operant-unit requirements and reinforcer rates. The response and time bias measures appeared to arise as by-products of the changes in operant-unit completions. 相似文献
222.
Radford NT Tanguma J Gonzalez M Nericcio MA Newman DG 《Perceptual and motor skills》2005,101(1):63-71
A case study of DW, an 11-yr. old monolingual, English-speaking boy who exhibits stuttering, language delay, and ADHD is presented. DW experienced only limited improvement during stuttering therapy received in public schools, according to parents and the public school clinician. The purpose of this case study was to assess whether fluency treatment which incorporated Mediated Learning, Delayed Auditory Feedback, and Speech Motor Repatterning would enhance progress. Therapy was delivered in two treatments, with each treatment being 5 wk. of intense therapy, separated by one year. Treatment 1 of combined Mediated Learning and Delayed Auditory Feedback yielded improvement in fluency, judged by parents and the teacher to be clinically significant. The improved fluency was maintained for one year when DW was pretested for participation in Treatment 2, which combined Mediated Learning, Delayed Auditory Feedback, and Speech Motor Repatterning Exercises. As no conclusions are possible, further study is needed. 相似文献
223.
Several investigators have claimed over the past decade that working memory (WM) and general intelligence (g) are identical, or nearly identical, constructs, from an individual-differences perspective. Although memory measures are commonly included in intelligence tests, and memory abilities are included in theories of intelligence, the identity between WM and intelligence has not been evaluated comprehensively. The authors conducted a meta-analysis of 86 samples that relate WM to intelligence. The average correlation between true-score estimates of WM and g is substantially less than unity (p=.479). The authors also focus on the distinction between short-term memory and WM with respect to intelligence with a supplemental meta-analysis. The authors discuss how consideration of psychometric and theoretical perspectives better informs the discussion of WM-intelligence relations. 相似文献
224.
The authors argue that the meaning through syntax (MTS) model proposed by G. McKoon and R. Ratcliff fails to account for the comprehension of sentences with reduced relative clauses. First, the theory's core assumptions regarding verb-based event representations and how they link to constructions are incompatible with well-established analyses from the lexical semantics literature. Second, the MTS theory provides neither a principled nor a consistent account for why some reduced relatives are hard whereas others are easy. Finally, McKoon and Ratcliff's critique of constraint-based models is flawed in that sometimes they tested a nonexistent theory and sometimes they provided evidence for the constraint-based models against which they were arguing. 相似文献
225.
At what stage does semantic priming affect accuracy in target search? In two experiments, participants viewed two streams of stimuli, each including a target word among distractors. Stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) between the targets (T1 and T2) ranged from 53 to 213 msec. A word semantically related to one or neither of the targets preceded each trial. In Experiment 1, participants were instructed to report both targets. Although more primed than unprimed targets were reported, there was no cost for unprimed words. A strong interaction between SOA and T1 versus T2 was found, but priming did not interact with either variable. In Experiment 2, only related targets were reported. Performance was similar to that for primed targets in Experiment 1. Semantic priming does not seem to modulate how attentional resources are initially allocated between targets, but instead affects a later stage of processing, the point at which a target word reaches lexical identification. 相似文献
226.
In contrast to the many published accounts of the disfluent repetition of sounds at the beginnings of words, cases where it is predominantly the final parts of words that are repeated have been reported relatively rarely. With few exceptions, those studies that have been published have described either pre-school children or neurologically impaired subjects. The purpose of this case report was to describe final part-word repetitions in the speech of two school-age boys of normal intelligence with no known neurological lesions. Their speech was recorded during spontaneous conversation, reading, and sentence repetition. The repetitions occurred in all three speaking conditions, although the majority of instances were observed in spontaneous speech, and on both content words and function words. The participants exhibited no apparent awareness of the disfluencies, no abnormal muscle tension, and no accessory behaviours. Each child produced word-final repeated fragments whose phonological structure was highly predictable according to his individual set of rules. The results are discussed in terms of possible motor and cognitive explanations for the disfluencies. EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES: As a result of this activity, the participant will be able to: (1) summarize prior research into final part-word repetition; (2) describe the detailed characteristics of final part-word repetitions as displayed by two children of normal intelligence; and (3) discuss ways in which the behaviour might be explained as part of a model of speech production. 相似文献
227.
Matthew Hoffman 《Jewish History》2005,19(1):65-78
The Russian Jewish intellectual, Chaim Zhitlovsky (1865–1943), a leading architect of secular Jewish culture and thought, was a central figure in the progressive Jewish intelligentsia of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. In an essay written in 1927, Yidn un Yiddishkayt (Jews and Jewishness), he sought to define the secular essence of what he calls Yiddishkayt. This essay is not the first in Zhitlovskys long publicistic career in which he searches for new, secular definitions of Jewish identity and culture. But this essay differs, since it is marked by Zhitlovskys use of contemporary social scientific notions of race and racial traits to conceptualize what he believes constitutes Jewishness in a non-religious context, along with his adoption of the mystical Jewish concept of the pintele yid, the theory of an innate Jewishness embodied by a Jewish spark. Zhitlovskys desire to craft a truly secular theory of Jewish identity led him ironically to accept models of Jewish identity at odds with his stated larger vision. In turning to contemporary racial theory, as well as long nurtured mystical models of Yiddishkayt, Zhitlovsky reveals the wide range of ideological discourses that led him to innovative and controversial notions of modern Jewish identity. 相似文献
228.
Engel MF 《The Journal of medical humanities》2005,26(1):39-51
This article explores the disconnection between what pre-professional students expect from college and what their undergraduate education might foster, between the focus on "getting into medical school" and the development of humanistic physicians. It reviews the longstanding challenge inherent in helping pre-meds acquire not only sufficient scientific background but also well-developed interpersonal skills to help them understand patients' experience of illness and their own interactions with other members of the health care team. Clinical experiences from the NEH Institute are interpreted from the perspective of a pre-med advisor who also teaches literature; they are also incorporated into an undergraduate course on literature about illness. 相似文献
229.
230.
Eye movements in natural behavior 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The classic experiments of Yarbus over 50 years ago revealed that saccadic eye movements reflect cognitive processes. But it is only recently that three separate advances have greatly expanded our understanding of the intricate role of eye movements in cognitive function. The first is the demonstration of the pervasive role of the task in guiding where and when to fixate. The second has been the recognition of the role of internal reward in guiding eye and body movements, revealed especially in neurophysiological studies. The third important advance has been the theoretical developments in the fields of reinforcement learning and graphic simulation. All of these advances are proving crucial for understanding how behavioral programs control the selection of visual information. 相似文献