幻忆现象研究现状述评

幻忆(Déjà vu)是指任何对目前体验的一种不适宜的熟悉感, 并伴随着对过去体验的不确定感。年龄、梦、教育水平、旅行经历、生理状况和药物都会对幻忆产生造成影响。研究发现, 内侧颞叶和嗅内皮质与幻忆有着紧密的联系。目前主要通过知觉分离范式、情景再现范式、单成分元素交互作用范式、无辨别再认范式和催眠范式来研究幻忆现象。幻忆的研究仍然存在着若干问题, 这些问题需要进一步探讨。     

客体工作记忆任务中大脑皮层活动的记忆负荷效应

利用128导事件相关电位技术,采用延迟匹配任务的实验范式,测查了20名正常被试完成不同负荷客体任务时的皮层慢电位（slow cortical potentials,简称sp成分）,实验发现：背侧前额叶在刺激呈现后的700ms到1400ms出现记忆负荷效应,高负荷任务诱发的sp成分显著负于低负荷任务;低负荷任务诱发的sp成分在左前额区（500~1800ms）、左前额-中央区（700~1800ms）、左中央-顶叶区（1000~1400s和1800~4800ms）、右前额区（1800~4800ms）和右前额-中央区（1400~4800ms）显著负于高负荷任务,出现记忆负荷效应,但这种负荷效应在左右大脑半球所反映的心理意义可能不同     

Rethinking free, libre and open source software

This special issue includes seven articles that make significant contribution to the literature pertaining to knowledge and public policy around Free, Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS). Focusing on questions in two themes (i) motivation and organization and (ii) public policy, the articles in this volume develop new analytic models and report on new empirical findings, as an important step in bridging the wide gap that exists in public policy literature around FLOSS. Warning against rhetorical pitfalls that have been prevalent in FLOSS research, this introduction starts with a short history of FLOSS development, continues with a brief thematic literature review and review of the misconceptions surrounding FLOSS, and concludes with a first introduction of the articles that follow. He is part of the Dutch Institute of Government (NIG), the research school for public administration and political science. His research focuses on the organization of open source communities. He received two grants from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) for research related to open source communities. The first grant was to study the interplay between intellectual property rights and open source communities. The results are published in Governing the Virtual Commons (Cambridge University Press, 2003). He has written numerous articles on open source, which have appeared in journals like Electronic Markets; Knowledge, Technology and Policy; and the International Journal of IT Standards & Standardisation Research. She received her Ph.D. in sociology from the University of York (UK) in 2004. Her Ph.D. research investigated the heterogeneity and contingency in the Free, Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) social worlds, which is based on a constellation of hacking practices, from the sociological perspective. Her principal research interests center on FLOSS studies, Science and Technology Studies (STS), virtual communities and knowledge-sharing. Shay is also a fellow at The Information Society Project at the Yale Law School. Shay holds a B.Sc. in computer science and a B.A. in philosophy, magna cum laude, from Tel-Aviv University, and an M.A. from New York University where his interdisciplinary research thesis focused on the political economy of free and open source software and file sharing networks. Shay is an entrepreneur that co-founded two software start-up companies, and was involved for several years in cutting edge software research, combining open source and proprietary software.     

Psychopathologie und Behandlung der Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung

Zusammenfassung Das Wissen über Psychopathologie, Ätiopathogenese und Behandlungsmöglichkeiten der Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS) hat sich in den letzten Jahren deutlich verbessert. Heute sehen die meisten Wissenschaftler eine generalisierte Störung der Affektregulation im Zentrum der BPS, deren Ursachen in Wechselwirkungen zwischen genetischen Faktoren, traumatischen biographischen Erfahrungen und dysfunktionalen Verhaltensmustern liegen. Störungsspezifische Therapieverfahren, insbesondere die Dialektisch Behaviorale Therapie (DBT) nach Linehan, flankiert von psychopharmakologischer Behandlung, zeigen gute Behandlungsergebnisse sowohl im stationären als auch im ambulanten Bereich. In jüngster Zeit wurden viel versprechende Konzepte zur Behandlung schwerer komorbider Störungen [Alkohol und Drogenabhängigkeit, Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (PTBS)] entwickelt.     

拂菻僧:关于唐代景教之外的基督教派别入华的一个推测

佛菻国使者在唐代曾7次来到长安,学界一直认为这些使节可能来自拜占庭帝国,或是入华传教的景教僧。但是,唐代社会习惯称景教僧为波斯僧,而不是拂菻僧,大秦景教流行中国碑中还存在着有意回避拂菻一词的线索。此外,《酉阳杂俎》中由拂菻僧记载的拂菻、波斯植物表现出古希腊药典的行文格式。本文分析了7世纪前后拜占庭帝国内部的宗教纷争、阿拉伯帝国崛起后叙利亚的基督教派别面临的情况,以及唐代拂菻贡品的产地,做出如下推测:拂菻僧可能是东迁至中亚的叙利亚迈尔凯特派,他们拥护拜占庭帝国和希腊正教,因此才会自称来自拂菻,即当代的罗马帝国。     

牟宗三对胡煦易学思想的发掘

牟宗三在他早年的第一部著作《周易的自然哲学与道德涵义》中,发掘了胡煦的易学思想,并称胡煦是中国最大的哲学家。牟宗三认为胡煦的易学一贯而系统,能克服汉易的附会之说的弊病,对《周易》的理解更自然、更妥贴、更通贯。胡煦所建立的一套很严密、很精深的自然哲学,显示出中国思想中客观、条理和科学的一面。     

工作压力反应及其与领导方式的关系研究

本研究通过对537位工作者的调查,探讨工作压力反应的类型及其与领导方式的关系,结果显示:工作压力反应存在四种类型,分别是积极压力反应类型、高压力反应类型、低压力反应类型以及消极压力反应类型。直接领导的不同领导方式与个体不同的工作压力反应类型存在关联。混合式领导方式下的个体积极压力反应最高,消极压力反应最低。变革型领导和交易型领导下的个体积极压力反应和消极压力反应无显著差异。     

树立正确的荣辱观加强福建省道教界的自身建设

荣辱观是人们对荣辱的基本看法,是善恶、是非、美丑等价值观念在一个时代的具体体现,也是人们行为和自律的标尺。古人云:不知荣辱,乃不能成人。一个人只有知荣而为之,知辱而不为,才能自觉地约束自己的言行。因此,树立正确的荣辱观,是人的立身之本。当前,随着改革开放和社会主义     

Perceptions of Police Use of Deadly Force

Recent police shootings of unarmed suspects have brought to bear harsh criticism of law enforcement use of deadly force. Two studies sought to investigate perceptions of police misuse of deadly force. Study 1 showed that as number of officers decreased and number of shots increased, perceptions of misuse of force were augmented. Number of shots per officer significantly predicted perceptions of misuse of force. Study 2 investigated the effects of social dominance orientation, blind patriotism, and right-wing authoritarianism. Results showed a significant interaction between number of officers, number of shots fired, and social dominance orientation. This personality variable was an especially strong predictor of misuse of force in situations involving the largest number of shots fired per officer.