Predicting adult temperament from minor physical anomalies

It is known that in children, individual differences in temperament are linked to rates of minor physical anomalies (MPAs). These anomalies are a standard set of 17 nonobvious but measurable characteristics of the face, hands, and feet. We explored the relation between MPAs and temperament in adults. An intact sample of 88 undergraduates completed a battery of personality tests and lifestyle questions, and then were examined for MPAs. The index of MPAs for each subject was simply the total count out of 17. The results showed a pattern of correlates parallel to that found in children. Among male subjects, correlations with MPAs were significant for the Physical Activity and Clumsiness factors of the lifestyle inventory as well as for measures of emotionality, extraversion, masculinity, femininity, and Type A personality. The MPA index was also predictive of a behavioral index of temperament in male subjects. No correlations were significant among female subjects.     

Book reviews

Encyclopaedia of Linguistics, Information and Control. Edited by A. R. Meetham with the assistance of R. A. Hudson. Oxford: Pergamon Press. 1969. Pp. xiv + 718. 300s.

The Biological Basis of Personality. By H. J. Eysenck. Springfield: Thomas. 1968. Pp. xv + 399. $18.50.

Scientific Basis of Dvug Dependence. Biological Council Symposium. Edited by H. Steinberg. London: Churchill. 1969. Pp. 429. 100s.

Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology, Vol. 2. Edited by John P. Hill. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. 1969. Pp. viii + 172.

Memory and Attention: an introduction to human information processes. By Donald A. Norman. Chichester, Sussex: John Wiley. 1969. Pp. ix + 201. 84s. (cloth); 44s. (paper). Verbal Learning and Memory: selected readings. By Leo Postman and Geoffrey Keppel. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. 1969. Pp. 501. 12s.

Handbuch der Kinderheilkunde. Edited by H. Opitz and F. Schmidt. Rand VIII/I: Neurologie-Psychologic-Psychiatrie. Redigiert von F. Schmidt und H. Asperger. Berlin: Springer Verlag. Pp. 1060. Price DM385, S96.25.

Digital Computing. By R. S. Lehman and D. E. Bailey. London: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 1969. Pp. xxiv + 303. 79s.

Real-Time Computers. By W. R. Uttal. New York: Harper & Row. 1968. Pp. xiv + 338. 93s.     

Parent and child perceptions of Boszormenyi-Nagy's ethical dimensions of the parent-child relationship

The parent-child relationship plays an important role in Boszormenyi-Nagy's contextual therapy. This article presents the results of four interview studies of the opinions of parents and children about their ethical relationship.The children in these studies were five-to-seven-year-olds, 10-to-12 year olds and 15-year-olds. In one study only the mothers were interviewed, in the other three both parents participated. In all 73 children, 62 mothers, and 43 fathers were interviewed. The majority of parents and children agreed with most aspects of Nagy's theory about the parent-child relation, but there were some notable exceptions. Very few shared Nagy's ideas about entitlement. The age of the child had a clear effect on the opinions of the children on the dimensions of trust/reliability, loyalty and shifting of the balance with age of the child and on the opinions of the parents on the dimensions of childrens' rights, parents' rights, and balance of fairness. The sex of the interviewee had some effect: Mothers and fathers differ on the dimension of parents' rights and adolescent girls and boys differ on the dimensions of childrens' rights and parents' duties.