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Effortless Self‐Control: A Novel Perspective on Response Conflict Strategies in Trait Self‐Control
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Marleen Gillebaart Denise T. D. de Ridder 《Social and Personality Psychology Compass》2015,9(2):88-99
Self‐control is of invaluable importance for well‐being. While previous research has focused on self‐control failure, we introduce a new perspective on self‐control, including the notion of effortless self‐control, and a focus on self‐control success rather than failure. We propose that effortless strategies of dealing with response conflict (i.e., competing behavioral tendencies) are what distinguishes successful self‐controllers from less successful ones. While people with high trait self‐control may recognize the potential for response conflict in self‐control dilemmas, they do not seem to subjectively experience this conflict as much as people with low self‐control. Two strategies may underlie this difference: avoidance of response conflict through adaptive, habitual behaviors, and the efficient downregulating of response conflict. These strategies as well as the role of response conflict are elaborated upon and discussed in the light of existing literature on self‐control. 相似文献
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Marleen De Bolle Mieke Decuyper Barbara De Clercq Filip De Fruyt 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2010,38(7):935-948
Using a combined sample (N = 1,215) of referred children and children from the general population aged between 8 and 14 years, the present study addressed
two research goals: First, latent mean differences (depending on the individual’s sex or psychopathology level) in anxiety,
depression, Positive Affect (PA), Negative Affect (NA) and Physiological Hyperarousal (PH) were examined. Secondly, the structure
of anxiety and depression was investigated from a tripartite model perspective in boys and girls with high versus low levels
of psychopathology respectively. When relating the latent mean level differences in NA, PA, and PH with those in anxiety and
depression, the results suggest that higher levels (depending on the individual’s sex and psychopathology status) of anxiety
or depression are associated with higher levels of PH and lower levels of PA, whereas no consistent pattern was found between
mean level differences in NA on the one hand and mean level differences in anxiety/depression on the other. Results further
demonstrated that a better fit was obtained for the dual than for the unitary construct representation in boys or girls with
high or low levels of psychopathology, thereby suggesting that a valid distinction can be made between anxiety and depression
in children between 8 and 14 years old, irrespective of their sex or level of psychopathology. However, when looking at the
structural relations of the dual construct representation of anxiety and depression with NA, PA and PH in each of the four
groups separately, it became evident that the PH and PA tripartite dimensions could not account for the unique aspects of
anxiety and depression respectively. Moreover, PH rather than NA was found to be common for anxiety and depression. 相似文献
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The Application of Behavior Change Theory to Family-Based Services: Improving Parent Empowerment in Children’s Mental Health 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S. Serene Olin Kimberly E. Hoagwood James Rodriguez Belinda Ramos Geraldine Burton Marlene Penn Maura Crowe Marleen Radigan Peter S. Jensen 《Journal of child and family studies》2010,19(4):462-470
We describe the development of a parent empowerment program (PEP) using a community-based participatory research approach.
In collaboration with a group of dedicated family advocates working with the Mental Health Association of New York City and
state policy makers, academic researchers took an iterative approach to crafting and refining PEP to better prepare family
advocates to help bridge the gaps in service access among children with emotional and behavioral problems. Despite the growth
of family-led, family support programs nationally, research that demonstrates the positive benefits of such programs is scarce
in the children’s mental health literature. The PEP model is based on research data about barriers families face in mental
health service utilization (e.g., stigma, perceptions of providers, attitudes towards mental illness, service availability,
etc.). PEP is premised on (a) the concept of empowerment as a process, (b) the need to engage parents in becoming active agents
of change, and (c) the application of an integrated framework to empower parents, called the Parents as Agents of Change model.
Our paper focuses on describing the application of a Unified Theory of Behavior Change as a theoretical framework to help
activate parents as change agents in meeting their children’s mental health needs. Based on an integrated model of grassroots
driven Principles of Parent Support and research-based Unified Theory of Behavior Change, PEP’s Parents as Agents of Change
model provides a conceptual framework for testing the effectiveness of family support services in children’s mental health,
a much-needed area for future research. 相似文献
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This study was designed to determine the influence of crying-related variables and country characteristics on mood change after crying. It was hypothesized that mood improvement would be positively associated to crying frequency, Individualism-Collectivism, and the extent of gender empowerment in a country. Masculinity-Femininity and shame were expected to have a negative relation with mood change. Self-report data were collected in 30 countries (1680 male and 2323 female students). Although bivariate associations yielded inconsistent results, in a regression analysis Masculinity-Femininity, national income, shame, and crying frequency emerged as significant predictors of mood change, all in the anticipated direction. The results suggest that how one feels after a crying episode depends on how common crying is in one's culture and on general feelings of shame over crying. It also seems that (perceptions of) role patterns may play an important part in the experience of mood change. 相似文献