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141.
Michael D. Gliksman M.P.H. F.A.C.O.M. Allan Kellehear Ph.D. 《Journal of Near-Death Studies》1990,9(1):41-43
Although cerebral anoxia is not thought to be responsible for triggering near-death experiences (NDEs), the issue is not so clear in the case of hypercapnia. Detection of normal blood gases in Michael Sabom's (1982) case study seems to be the major reply to suggestions that hypercapnia may have a causal role in NDEs. We argue, however, that routine arterial measures of blood gases are not a reliable indicator of cerebral levels. 相似文献
142.
Mark Sheldon 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》1990,11(3):201-212
The paper is an attempt to review the basis for the claim that physicians have a professional obligation to treat AIDS patients. Considered are the historical record, two professional codes of ethics, and several recent articles. The paper concludes that the arguments considered, which attempt to support the claim that physicians have an obligation to treat, fail. It is suggested, rather, that common humanity, which physicians share with those who suffer from AIDS, ought to be the basis for engaging in the care of AIDS patients. 相似文献
143.
Hardware is described that permits bidirectional transfer of data between the Commodore 64 and an IBM-compatible PC. Commercial terminal programs can be used to transmit data. The hardware, which can be constructed for less than $15, opens up several opportunities for making good use of the cost-effective C64 computer. 相似文献
144.
Romanians suffered incredible deprivations of every sort during the decades of Communist dictatorship. Most of the country’s
1,000 psychiatrists, and most of their patients, were victimized by the political system. A few psychiatrists actively engaged
in practices amounting to torture. Many, however, became willing or unwilling participants in the political abuse of their
profession.
Such political abuses were fostered by abusive legislation and abusive law enforcement by the secret police. Abuses included:
mass detentions in psychiatric hospitals of dissidents and political undesirables; abusive interpretation of the laws in detaining
persons not suffering from mental illness; false, politically motivated diagnoses and treatment; and detention in secret facilities.
While there are honest efforts to come to grips with the past, to compensate victims of psychiatric abuse, and to institute
proceedings against abusers, there is also much resistance to reform. Reform-minded Romanian psychiatrists deserve the support
of their western colleagues in the effort to restore Romanian psychiatry. In particular, professional colleagues all over
the world are asked to comment on the draft law currently pending before the Romanian parliament, which is intended to restore
the rule of law to the practice of psychiatry in Romania.
Report of a consultative mission to Bucharest, on behalf of the Geneva Initiave on Psychiatry, 7 June to 12 June 1992, by
Nanci Adler, Historian-Sovietologist, Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; G.O.W. Mueller, Distinguished
Professor of Criminal Justice, Rutgers — The State University of New Jersey, U.S.A.; Mohammed Ayat, Professor of Criminology
and Penal Law, Université de Fes, Faculté des Sciences Juridiques, Economiques et Sociales, FEs, Morocco.
The Geneva Initiative on Psychiatry is a nongovernmental, nonprofit organization, dedicated to the introduction and preservation
of ethical practices in the psychiatric profession, in accordance with medical ethics, the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, and U.N. standards and guidelines. Headquartered in Amsterdam, the organization is currently providing technical and
financial assistance to the newly established free, independent, democratic psychiatric associations in Russia, Ukraine, Romania,
and other countries. The General Secretary of the organization is Robert van Voren; the board is composed of professionals
from some twenty countries.
This article was based on meetings at governmental and parliamentary offices, nongovernmental organizations, and embassies
as well psychiatric institutions with, among others, the following persons: Dr. Lucian Alexandrescu, V-P Radu Ciuceanu, Mr.
Comsa, Proc. Gen’l. Ulpiu Cereceanu, Mr. Nistor Cristea, Mr. Dinu Ianculescu, Prof. Dr. George Ionescu, Miss Cristina Luzoscu,
Dr. Zaharia Nicolae, Mr. Iancu Petrescu, Dr. Dan Prelipcianu, Min. Mircea Ionescu-Quintus, Dr. Aurel Romila, Av. Nicolae Stefanescu-Draganesti,
Dir. Dr. Tomescu, Dr. Alexandru Trifan, Dr. Valeriu Tuculescu, and numerous victims, diplomats, and Romanian citizens. 相似文献
145.
G. A. Nesvetailov’s 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》1993,6(1):38-51
In this paper a method is outlined for measuring the diversity of the results of applied R&D with the use of IPC (International
Patent Classification). The method has been tested in the contexts of the academic physical, engineering, and chemical institutes.
The trend of applied research at a given institute increases both at the level of classes and subclasses, and at the IPC level.
Inventions developed within specializations at each institute have a greater efficiency than other forms of inventive activity.
The objective was to seek the optimal extent of diversification of applied R&D, which would simultaneously ensure the preservation
of the scientific specialization of an institute, the high level of scientific research associated with developing innovations,
and the high overall efficiency of each institute. 相似文献
146.
Marja Alestalo’s 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》1993,6(1):52-66
Finland has followed the Scandinavian model of the welfare state in which the level of state activism is high, the economic
pressures on the scientific activities are strong, and the left-wing parties and the Center Party have formulated the main
ideas. In the 1970s welfare ideology was adopted in science policy by emphasizing the promotion of socially relevant scientific
activities and the expansion of the university system as a means of effecting equal opportunity. Currently, the trend is toward
a mixed welfare economy. Programs have been prepared in spite of the radical cut in government expenditure, and without a
consideration of the long-term consequences. 相似文献
147.
148.
William J. Sweeney Ph.D. Erin Salva M.A. John O. Cooper Ed.D. Carolyn Talbert-Johnson Ph.D. 《Journal of Behavioral Education》1993,3(4):427-443
We used delayed multiple-baseline and multiple-probe techniques to assess the effects of self-evaluation training on the legibility of cursive handwriting. Five secondary special education students with difficult-to-read handwriting served as participants. All participants improved the legibility of their handwriting during self-evaluation training. A systematic withdrawal of the training package demonstrated maintenance of treatment effects. For the most part, the students' handwriting remained at least 90% legible to judges following the systematic withdrawal of the self-evaluation training. 相似文献
149.
150.
An X Windows software tool for the construction of faces with a weighted combination of eigenvectors is described. The eigenvectors were extracted from an autoassociative matrix that comprised 100 face images. The program input consists of eigenvectors and sets of weights that describe individual faces and combines these to create face images. The tool creates a panel of buttons that permits the display of individual eigenvectors and the display of an average face as well. Facilities for on-line changes to the intensity of individual eigenvectors can be used to change the appearance of a face. Previously, O’Toole, Abdi, Deffenbacher, and Bartlett (1991) have shown that the intensity of certain individual eigenvectors contains reliable information for determining the sex and race of the face. 相似文献