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191.
Joseph J. Amato Deborah J. Kayman Mark Lombardo Marjorie F. Goldstein 《Pastoral Psychology》2017,66(2):191-199
The Clay Hunt Suicide Prevention for American Veterans Act, enacted in 2015, aimed to increase access to treatment for U.S. military veterans; however, poor attendance at aftercare and high rates of treatment refusal suggest that, even when treatment is accessible, it may not be acceptable. Often, it is difficult to acknowledge the need for help and to commit to treatment. The stigma of mental illness diminishes the self-respect of individuals with mental health problems and may be especially acute for veterans because of the centrality of resilience in military culture. This stigma also can jeopardize current employment or prospects for future employment. This paper proposes a partial answer to the question, “What more might be done to engage and effectively treat veterans who are at high risk of suicide?” The meaning of spiritual and/or religious expression in human development, well-being, and social functioning has long been of great interest to theorists in disciplines as diverse as sociology, theology, and psychology. Some empirical studies have further suggested that certain religious and/or spiritual beliefs, practices, and/or affiliations may be protective against suicide. This paper (a) summarizes these perspectives, (b) considers how clinical inquiry into the role of religion and/or spirituality in the lives of veterans at high risk of suicide fits into the suicide prevention program of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, and (c) offers specific recommendations to practitioners. 相似文献
192.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen 《Psychologie appliquee》2006,55(1):1-26
201 cadres de deux services relevant du gouvernement fédéral qui ont été confrontés à une réduction d’effectifs ont constitué un panel en vue d’une étude longitudinale qui a porté sur la relation entre les ressources présentes avant la réduction du personnel (T1) et les contraintes et stratégies de traitement du problème évaluées pendant la période elle‐même (T2 et T3). Les contraintes en T2 (travail aliénant, absence perçue de succès professionnel à venir et conséquences jugées négatives de la contraction des effectifs) agissaient sur la relation entre les ressources disponibles en T1 et les stratégies déployées en T2. Les ressources relevant de l’individu (optimisme et sécurité perçue du travail) et celles relevant de l’organisation (le vécu du soutien apporté par le supérieur et l’organisation et l’implication affective dans l’organisation) étaient en relation avec une appréciation plus favorable des contraintes, ce qui, en retour, avaient des retombées sur la mise en ?uvre des stratégies T2 de fuite et de contrôle. Les conduites T2 de contrôle étaient significativement corrélées de façon négative aux contraintes T3 tandis que les conduites de fuite T2 étaient significativement corrélées de façon positive à ces mêmes contraintes T3. Les futures recherches ne devraient pas seulement étudier le rôle des ressources exploitées par ceux qui affrontent victorieusement une contraction des effectifs, mais aussi identifier et tenir compte des contraintes qui peuvent contrecarrer ou inhiber l’usage de certaines stratégies de coping. Managers (N= 201) in two federal government departments undergoing downsizing participated in a longitudinal panel study examining the relationship among pre‐downsizing (T1) coping resources and coping constraints and coping strategies assessed during the downsizing period (T2, T3). T2 coping constraints (work alienation, perceived lack of future career success, and perceived negative downsizing effect) mediated the relationship between T1 coping resources and T2 coping strategies. Individual‐related (optimism and perceived job security) coping resources and organisation‐related (perceived organisational and supervisor support and organisational affective commitment) coping resources were associated with a more favourable evaluation of the coping constraints which, in turn, influenced the use of T2 control‐oriented and escape coping strategies. T2 control‐oriented coping was significantly negatively related to T3 coping constraints whereas T2 escape coping was significantly positively related to T3 coping constraints. Future research should not only examine the role of coping resources in how survivors cope with organisational downsizing but also identify and examine coping constraints that may restrict or inhibit the use of certain coping strategies. 相似文献
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Marjorie Rhodes Chelsea Hetherington Kimberly Brink Henry M. Wellman 《Developmental science》2015,18(6):909-916
The experiences of social partners are important motivators of social action. Can infants use such experiences to make predictions about how social agents will behave? Sixteen‐month‐old infants were introduced to two social pairs. Initial events established within‐pair cooperation as well as between‐pair conflict involving an individual from each pair. Following these events, infants looked longer when between‐pair members who had never previously interacted now cooperated – instead of conflicted – with each other. Thus, infants tracked the third‐person allegiances and inferred that the conflict would generalize across social partnerships. These findings demonstrate a critical feature of early social cognition and promote needed, further research on the role of social allegiances in social cognition across development. 相似文献
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The purpose of this article is to discuss curriculum-based measurement (CBM) as it is currently utilized in research and practice and to propose a new approach for developing measures to monitor the academic progress of students longitudinally. To accomplish this, we first describe CBM and provide several exemplars of CBM in reading and mathematics. Then, we present the research context for developing a set of seven curriculum-based measures for monitoring student progress in math problem solving. The rationale for and advantages of using statistical equating methodology are discussed. Details of the methodology as it was applied to the development of these math problem solving measures are provided. 相似文献
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Edward Z. Tronick Marjorie Beeghly M. Katherine Weinberg Karen L. Olson 《Infant mental health journal》1997,18(4):406-423
The question addressed in this study was whether or not mothers who scored low on self-report depression scales—so-called “deniers”—were denying their symptoms and suffering from an illusion of mental health. The findings did not support the interpretation that low-scoring mothers were denying other symptoms. Rather, low-scoring mothers: 1) experienced a wide range of emotions and similar levels of positive emotions compared to mid-symptom mothers; 2) changed their reported levels of depressive symptoms over the course of the study; 3) reported a variety of symptoms at levels similar to those of mothers in the mid symptom range; and 4) were affected negatively by having a diagnosis of depression, in a manner similar to mothers in the mid and high symptom groups. Furthermore, low symptom mothers consistently reported the most positive profiles of maternal adaptation with higher levels of maternal self-esteem and a high ratio of self-reported positive to negative affect. Thus, they appeared to be experiencing a heretofore underdescribed highly positive normal postpartum state that we have labeled “postpartum exuberance.” Postpartum exuberance, as well as a compromise of affective functioning associated with any lifetime diagnosis of depression regardless of the mothers' current level of depressive symptoms, highlights the complexity of emotional reactivity during the postpartum period. © 1997 Michigan Association for Infant Mental Health 相似文献