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Surveying the forest: A meta‐analysis,moderator investigation,and future‐oriented discussion of the antecedents of voluntary employee turnover 下载免费PDF全文
Alex L. Rubenstein Marion B. Eberly Thomas W. Lee Terence R. Mitchell 《Personnel Psychology》2018,71(1):23-65
Recent narrative reviews (e.g., Hom, Mitchell, Lee, and Griffeth, 2012; Hom, Lee, Shaw, and Hausknecht, 2017) advise that it is timely to assess the progress made in research on voluntary employee turnover so as to guide future work. To provide this assessment, we employed a three‐step approach. First, we conducted a comprehensive meta‐analysis of turnover predictors, updating existing effect sizes and examining multiple new antecedents. Second, guided by theory, we developed and tested a set of substantive moderators, considering factors that might exacerbate or mitigate zero‐order meta‐analytic effects. Third, we examined the holistic pattern of results in order to highlight the most pressing needs for future turnover research. The results of Step 1 reveal multiple newer predictors and updated effect sizes of more traditional predictors, which have received substantially greater study. The results of Step 2 provide insight into the context‐dependent nature of many antecedent–turnover relationships. In Step 3, our discussion takes a bird's‐eye view of the turnover “forest” and considers the theoretical and practical implications of the results. We offer several research recommendations that break from the traditional turnover paradigm, as a means of guiding future study. 相似文献
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Lesage J Sebaai N Leonhardt M Dutriez-Casteloot I Breton C Deloof S Vieau D 《Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,9(4):183-198
There is now compelling evidence, coming both from animal and human studies that an early exposure to undernutrition is frequently associated with low birth weight and programs HPA axis alterations throughout the lifespan. Although animal models have reported conflicting findings arising from differences in experimental paradigms and species, they have clearly demonstrated that such programming not only affects the brain but also the pituitary corticotrophs and the adrenal cortex. In fetuses, maternal undernutrition reduces HPA axis function and implicates a reduction of placental 11beta-HSD2 activity and a greater transplacental transfer of glucocorticoids (GRs). In young adults, usually only fine HPA axis alterations were observed, whereas in older ones, maternal undernutrition was frequently associated with chronic hyperactivity of this neuroendocrine axis. In humans, evidence of HPA axis dysregulation in people who were small at birth has recently emerged. Thus, we suggest that such alterations in adults may be implicated in the aetiology of several disorders related to the metabolic syndrome as well as to immune or inflammatory diseases. To reverse such programming, recent experimental reports have shown that postnatal environmental interventions, dietary modifications and the use of agents modulating the epigenomic state could partly restore physiological functions and thus open new therapeutic strategies. 相似文献
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S. Wayne Duncan Christine M. Todd Marion Perlmutter John C. Masters 《Motivation and emotion》1985,9(4):391-405
The state-dependent theory of the relationship between affective states and memory holds that recall will be best when the affective state at recall matches that during learning. Sequential happy, neutral, and sad affective states that were either consistent (e.g., Happy-Happy) or inconsistent (e.g., Sad-Neutral) were experimentally induced in preschool children prior to encoding and then again prior to retrieval (free and cued recall, recognition memory). Facial ratings indicated that the inductions were effective in inducing affect. Nevertheless, emotional states did not influence children's ability to recall items under free or cued conditions, and recognition memory was essentially perfect for all subjects. Thus, there was no evidence for state-dependent learning or for a positive loop between subjects' positive affect at retrieval and memory for positively rated information. Results are discussed in terms of the generally inconsistent findings in the literature on the role of affect in children's memory and factors that may limit affective state-dependent learning in children.This research was supported by Research Grant No. 11776 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development to Marion Perlmutter, by Grant BNS 78-01108 from the National Science Foundation to John C. Masters, and by Program Project Grant No. 0527 to the Institute of Child Development. Wayne Duncan is now at the University of Denver, and Christine Todd is now at the University of Illinois, Urbana. Marion Perlmutter is now at the University of Michigan. We would like to thank Keith Elliott and LuAnne Tczap for their work as experimenters; Jule Kogan, Carol Revermann, and Sonya Hernandez for their help in coding data; and Jayne Grady-Reitan for her administrative assistance throughout the study. 相似文献
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Mulvey A Terenzio M Hill J Bond MA Huygens I Hamerton HR Cahill S 《American journal of community psychology》2000,28(6):883-911
Stories about community work in New Zealand and Scotland are presented to describe and reflect on issues central to feminist community psychology. Organizing a lesbian festival, Ingrid Huygens describes feminist processes used to equalize resources across Maori (indigenous) and Pakeha (white) groups. Heather Hamerton presents her experiences as a researcher using collective memory work to reflect on adolescent experiences related to gender, ethnicity, and class. Sharon Cahill chronicles dilemmas and insights from focus groups about anger with women living in public housing in Scotland. Each story chronicles experiences related to oppression and privilege, and describes the author's emotions and reflections. Individually and collectively, the stories illustrate the potential offered by narrative methods and participatory processes for challenging inequalities and encouraging social justice. 相似文献
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In this study, 361 adult burn survivors completed the Perceived Stigmatization Questionnaire (PSQ), the Social Comfort Questionnaire (SCQ), and other measures. Both the PSQ and SCQ had good internal consistency indices. Factor analysis of the PSQ yielded 3 factors (absence of friendly behavior, confused/staring behavior, and hostile behavior). The SCQ had 1 factor. Conjoint factor analysis with measures of related constructs (body esteem, body-esteem importance, depression, social support) suggested that PSQ and SCQ measure distinct constructs. Correlations with the related psychosocial constructs and burn characteristics suggested the PSQ and SCQ have good convergent and discriminant validity. Limitations of the study are discussed. 相似文献
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Robert L. Marion 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1979,57(6):311-312
In many school systems in the country, especially in urban areas, large numbers of adolescent students feel alienated and frustrated because they are not allowed to participate in the decision-making process and in school activities. The result of this lack of participation is illustrated by the large number of adolescents who drop out, are pushed out, or are suspended and expelled. Unless these students become involved, rehabilitated, and their leadership potential is developed, the gap will continue to widen between those who have assumed leadership through authority (administrators, teachers, and counselors) and those who are most affected by a lack of involvement (students). 相似文献