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101.
Dimitrov M Nakic M Elpern-Waxman J Granetz J O'Grady J Phipps M Milne E Logan GD Hasher L Grafman J 《Brain and cognition》2003,52(2):258-270
The performance of a group of frontal lobe lesion and a group of frontal lobe dementia patients was compared with the performance of their respective matched normal control groups on two tests of inhibitory attentional control-the stop-signal reaction time task and a negative priming task. Both patient groups responded significantly slower than their respective normal control groups, but they showed only marginally significant selective impairments on the measures of inhibition. The data suggest that the specific inhibitory processes evaluated by these two tests are, in general, spared in patients with focal frontal lobe lesions or frontal lobe degeneration. 相似文献
102.
It is proposed that causal judgments about contingency information are derived from the proportion of confirmatory instances (pCI) that are evaluated as confirmatory for the causal candidate. In 6 experiments, pCI values were manipulated independently of objective contingencies assessed by the deltaP rule. Significant effects of the pCI manipulations were found in all cases, but causal judgments did not vary significantly with objective contingencies when pCI was held constant. The experiments used a variety of stimulus presentation procedures and different dependent measures. The power PC theory, a weighted version of the deltaP rule, the Rescorla-Wagner associative learning model (R. A. Rescorla & A. R Wagner, 1972), and the deltaD rule, which is the frequency-based version of the pCI rule, were unable to account for the significant effects of the pCI manipulations. These results are consistent with a general explanatory approach to causal judgment involving the evaluation of evidence and updating of beliefs with regard to causal hypotheses. 相似文献
103.
Instructions for Authors
Instructions for Authors 相似文献104.
Edwin?D.?Ayers Jeffrey?White D.?A.?PowellEmail author 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》2003,38(3):230-247
Several recent studies have investigated relationships between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and learning and memory
problems. These reports have found in general that not only does PTSD affect trauma-related memories, but when patients with
PTSD are compared with similar trauma patients without PTSD, general memory impairments have been found. The present paper
reports a study in which associative learning, using Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning, was investigated in combat veterans
with and without chronic PTSD, using interstimulus intervals of 500 and 1000 msec in two separate experiments. Although several
recent reports suggest that larger-magnitude autonomic conditioned responses occur in patients with PTSD during Pavlovian
conditoning, the present study found evidence of impaired Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning in combat veterans with and without
PTSD, compared to non-combat veterans. Although these data suggest that combat leads to an impaired associative learning process
regardless of whether PTSD is apparent, a group of community-dwelling combat veterans not under medical treatment showed normal
conditioning, suggesting that variables other than prior combat must also be involved. 相似文献
105.
White RS 《Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association》2001,49(2):427-455
The traditional Freudian and interpersonal schools of psychoanalysis diverged during the psychoanalytic wars in New York in the 1940s. Each has developed from a different set of assumptions concerning the mind, especially the role of structure and the role of interaction. Recent developments in both schools in the last twenty years suggest a convergence and overlap in theory and technique. The relevant history of the divergence is examined and the work of three contemporary interpersonal writers explored in depth. That work is contrasted with contemporary developments in traditional Freudian psychoanalysis. 相似文献
106.
Aimée M. Surprenant Susan L. Hura Mary P. Harper Leah H. Jamieson Glenis Long Scott M. Thede Ayasakanta Rout Tsung-Hsiang Hsueh Stephen A. Hockema Michael T. Johnson Pramila N. Srinivasan Christopher M. White J. Brandon Laflen 《Behavior research methods》1999,31(4):638-649
Ratings of familiarity and pronounceability were obtained from a random sample of 199 surnames (selected from over 80,000 entries in the Purdue University phone book) and 199 nouns (from the Ku?era-Francis, 1967, word database). The distributions of ratings for nouns versus names are substantially different: Nouns were rated as more familiar and easier to pronounce than surnames. Frequency and familiarity were more closely related in the proper name pool than the word pool, although both correlations were modest. Ratings of familiarity and pronounceability were highly related for both groups. A production experiment showed that rated pronounceability was highly related to the time taken to produce a name. These data confirm the common belief that there are differences in the statistical and distributional properties of words as compared to proper names. The value of using frequency and the ratings of familiarity and pronounceability for predicting variations in actual pronunciations of words and names are discussed. 相似文献
107.
White M 《The American journal of psychology》1999,112(3):371-381
Inversion interferes with the encoding of configural and holistic information more than it does with the encoding of explicitly represented and isolated parts. Accordingly, if facial expressions are explicitly represented in the face representation, their recognition should not be greatly affected by face orientation. In the present experiment, response times to detect a difference in hair color in line-drawn faces were unaffected by face orientation, but response times to detect the presence of brows and mouth were longer with inverted than with upright faces, independent of the emergent expression (neutral, happy, sad, and angry). Expressions are not explicitly represented; rather, they and the face configuration are represented as undecomposed wholes. 相似文献
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