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Huttenlocher J Vasilyeva M Waterfall HR Vevea JL Hedges LV 《Developmental psychology》2007,43(5):1062-1083
This article examines caregiver speech to young children. The authors obtained several measures of the speech used to children during early language development (14-30 months). For all measures, they found substantial variation across individuals and subgroups. Speech patterns vary with caregiver education, and the differences are maintained over time. While there are distinct levels of complexity for different caregivers, there is a common pattern of increase across age within the range that characterizes each educational group. Thus, caregiver speech exhibits both long-standing patterns of linguistic behavior and adjustment for the interlocutor. This information about the variability of speech by individual caregivers provides a framework for systematic study of the role of input in language acquisition. 相似文献
223.
Marina Altmann de Litvan 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2007,88(3):713-733
The author attempts to integrate several perspectives within the field of infant observation that reflect the analyst's personal experience as a clinician, as a professor at the analytic institute and as a researcher in the field of psychoanalysis. Can infant observation contribute to analytic technique, theory and training? If so, what would be the nature of such contribution? To answer these questions, the author reviews the literature on infant observation from Freud to the present, highlighting Latin American contributions to this subject. She makes reference to the role of technological innovations, which have allowed videotaping, repeated observations, temporal segmentation and computerized programs, thus giving rise to microanalytic research. This discussion prompts the question about the contributions made by systematic research to clinical practice. To tackle this question, the author presents both a clinical vignette taken from her personal experience, and the current debate on this subject as it appears in the work of Daniel Stern and André Green. Finally, she presents some conclusions that are part of an ongoing debate in the psychoanalytic field. 相似文献
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市民人格特征及其与心理健康的关系研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探讨南京市民人格特征及其与心理健康的关系,对南京市民进行抽样调查。结果显示南京市民的人格特征较一般人群更外向,掩饰程度较高;性别、年龄、职业以及文化程度与人格特征存在一定关系;不同人格类型的市民心理健康水平不同;年龄、情绪稳定性及内外向性对心理健康有预测作用。 相似文献
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Stanley Sacks Ph.D. Charles M. Cleland Ph.D. Gerald Melnick Ph.D. Patrick M. Flynn Ph.D. Kevin Knight Ph.D. Peter D. Friedmann M.D. M.P.H. Michael L. Prendergast Ph.D. Carrie Coen MA 《Behavioral sciences & the law》2009,27(1):51-69
The present study examines the relationship between substance use, mental health problems, and violence in a sample of offenders released from prison and referred to substance abuse treatment programs. Data from 34 sites (n = 1,349) in a federally funded cooperative, the Criminal Justice Drug Abuse Treatment Studies (CJDATS), were analyzed. Among parolees referred to substance abuse treatment, self‐reports for the six‐month period before the arrest resulting in their incarceration revealed frequent problems with both substance use and mental health. For most offenders with substance use problems, the quantity of alcohol consumed and the frequency of drug use were associated with a greater probability of self‐reported violence. Mental health problems were not indicative of increases in violent behavior, with the exception of antisocial personality problems, which were associated with violence. The paper emphasizes the importance of providing substance abuse treatment in relation to violent behavior among offenders with mental health problems being discharged to the community. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
228.
淡化糖尿病的分型为我们提供了一个全新的思维空间。即传统的1型和至少部分2型糖尿病可能都是一种自身免疫性疾病,而目前流行的炎症学说可能是对认可免疫损伤是糖尿病发病理论的一个过渡,我们应该重新审视糖尿病的早期治疗和研究其慢性并发症的发病机理。我们则采用小别量、长时间的治疗理念,早期接受这种免疫治疗的患者出现低血糖的症状,遂减少胰岛素的剂量;再次出现低血糖,我们就继续减少胰岛素的剂量。结果,有部分患者完全摆脱了胰岛素。我们对糖尿病的再认识是建立在对多脏器活检的基础之上。我们的活检结果表明,糖尿病肾病存在着免疫损伤。糖尿病眼底病变是使患者致盲的主要病因,糖尿病患者的眼底病变是一种自身免疫损伤的结果。我们尝试用小剂量的免疫抑制剂环孢菌素A(25mgbid)治疗糖尿病眼底出血,取得了不错的疗效,也证实糖尿病眼底病变是一种血管炎,与自身免疫病变有关。其他的器官还包括垂体、大脑的血管、糖尿病足、冠心病、皮肤的病变和肌肉活检的免疫组化也均有证据表明,免疫损伤是导致多种慢性并发症的罪魁祸首,是一种多器官免疫损伤的结果无论是1型糖尿病,还是2型糖尿病,肌细胞表面或多或少均有免疫复合物沉积。这些免疫复合物的存在势必会影响胰岛素与肌肉细胞表面的胰岛素受体结合,即胰岛素抵抗的存在。为此,我们在临床上广泛采用了免疫抑制治疗的理念治疗糖尿病。应用小剂量胰岛素和小剂量环孢素A治疗早期发现的糖尿病取得了不错的疗效。唯一担心的副作用发生在肝脏,即部分糖尿病患者会出现总胆红素升高,而也有一部分患者总胆红素不升高。 相似文献
229.
淡化糖尿病的分型为我们提供了一个全新的思维空间.即传统的1型和至少部分2型糖尿病可能都是一种自身免疫性疾病,而目前流行的炎症学说可能是对认可免疫损伤是糖尿病发病理论的一个过渡,我们应该重新审视糖尿病的早期治疗和研究其慢性并发症的发病机理.我们则采用小剂量、长时间的治疗理念,早期接受这种免疫治疗的患者出现低血糖的症状,遂减少胰岛素的剂量;再次出现低血糖,我们就继续减少胰岛素的荆量.结果,有部分患者完全摆脱了胰岛素.我们对糖尿病的再认识是建立在对多脏器活检的基础之上.我们的活检结果表明,糖尿病肾病存在着免疫损伤.糖尿病眼底病变是使患者致盲的主要病因,糖尿病患者的眼底病变是一种自身免疫损伤的结果.我们尝试用小剂量的免疫抑制剂环孢茵素A(25 mg bid)治疗糖尿病眼底出血,取得了不错的疗效,也证实糖屎病眼底病变是一种血管炎,与自身免疫痛变有关.其他的器官还包括垂体、大脑的血管、糖尿痛足、冠心痛、皮肤的病变和肌肉活检的免疫组化也均有证据表明,免疫损伤是导致多种慢性并发症的罪魁祸首,是一种多器官免疫损伤的结果无论是1型糖尿痛,还是2型糖尿病,肌细胞表面或多或少均有免疫复合物沉积.这些免疫复合物的存在势必会影响胰岛素与肌肉细胞表面的胰岛素受体结合,即胰岛素抵抗的存在.为此,我们在临床上广泛采用了免疫抑制治疗的理念治疗糖尿病.应用小剂量胰岛素和小剂量环孢素A治疗早期发现的糖尿病取得了不错的疗效.唯一担心的副作用发生在肝脏,即部分糖尿病患者会出现总胆红索升高,而也有一部分患者总胆红素不升高. 相似文献
230.
MA. DELIA A. CANDELARIO 《Heythrop Journal》2009,50(1):44-57
The reality of revelation was one of the fundamental questions that occupied 1 Tyrrell as a writer until he died on 15 July 1909. The centenary of his death is an opportune time to engage this English Modernist in a dialogue with Karl Rahner on the subject of revelation. Tyrrell insists on the primacy of the interior experience of revelation. An exaggerated emphasis on inner religious experience, however, led him inevitably to a separation of the interior dimension of revelation from its verbal expressions and doctrinal formulations.
Rahner also affirms the primacy of the originating inner experience of God but stresses at the same time the intrinsic unity between this transcendental revelation and its categorical, historical dimension. Revelation corresponds to the symbolic nature of the addressee. The Mystery of the Incarnation is the point of reference for understanding God's self-communication. The fullness of revelation has been realized in the indissoluble and irreversible unity of the Divine Logos with the Man Jesus. 相似文献
Rahner also affirms the primacy of the originating inner experience of God but stresses at the same time the intrinsic unity between this transcendental revelation and its categorical, historical dimension. Revelation corresponds to the symbolic nature of the addressee. The Mystery of the Incarnation is the point of reference for understanding God's self-communication. The fullness of revelation has been realized in the indissoluble and irreversible unity of the Divine Logos with the Man Jesus. 相似文献