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401.
Marilyn Nissim-Sabat Ph.D. M.S.W. 《Psychoanalytic Inquiry》2013,33(2):153-165
Historically, psychoanalysis has failed to differentiate adequately between aggression and assertion. It is uncontroversial to state that bullying is a form of aggression. However, if aggression and assertion are not adequately distinguished, bullying could also be viewed as a form of assertion. Some psychoanalysts have attempted to resolve this by using the terms aggression and assertion as synonyms but introducing the notion of nondestructive aggression. Bullying, then, is understood to be hostile aggression or hostile assertion. In this article, I aim to prepare psychoanalytic and philosophical groundwork for a meaningful differentiation between aggression and assertion, and, at the same time, to shed light on the nature of bullying, parental bullying in particular. To achieve these aims, I critique an aspect of the case material presented by Frank Summers in his (2005) book, Self Creation: Psychoanalytic Therapy and the Art of the Possible. I also critique Parens' (2008) notion of nondestructive aggression as used by him and by Summers. Additionally, I discuss some of the philosophical notions Summers introduces and discusses relevant to a critique of his notion of the analyst's vision of the patient's development in its relevance to his case of Anna. 相似文献
402.
Marilyn R. Davidian 《Journal of Research on Christian Education》2013,22(2):163-171
Joyce W. Hopp is Dean of the School of Allied Health Professions at Lorna Linda University. Program development in response to market demands is her forté Dr. Hopp is also a Professor of Health Promotion and Education in the School of Public Health at Loma Linda University, a position she has held for 30 years. Dr. Hopp began her career in healthcare as a nurse. Her primary interest is health education in Seventh-day Adventist educational institutions. The interview addresses her educational progression to a Ph.D., her experience in training healthcare professionals, and her philosophy of Christian education. Also included are her suggestions for future research in Christian health education. 相似文献
403.
Marilyn Shatz Medha Tare Simone P. Nguyen Tess Young 《Journal of cognition and development》2013,14(1):16-36
We address the issue of children's understanding of abstract words with two studies on preschoolers' knowledge of the time-duration words minutes, hours, days, and years. The first study examines 4- and 5-year-olds' ability to answer questions about durations of common phenomena with duration terms. The second study examines 4- to 6-year-olds' comprehension of duration terms with a forced-choice pointing task. Both show that preschoolers' knowledge of such words is incomplete, but that it adheres to the pattern proposed in previous work with toddlers for abstract words. More specifically, children form lexical domains for such words even before they know their individual meanings, thereby allowing the children to often respond appropriately but not usually correctly to questions about abstract dimensions like time. 相似文献
404.
This study examined whether self-actualization may be conceptualized as an expression of the human need for varied stimulation. Self-report assessment was made of Ss' level of self-actualization and preferences for kinds (cognitions, sensations) and sources (interoceptive, exteroceptive) of varied stimulation. Self-actualizing Ss differed from non-self-actualizing Ss in the amount of total stimulus-seeking behavior but not in their preference for source or kind of stimulation. Discussion of results focused upon an active-passive aspect of the need for varied experience. 相似文献
405.
Valerie J. Sutherland Marilyn J. Davidson 《European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology》2013,22(4):559-582
Abstract The aim of this article is to describe an equal opportunities audit aimed at developing the career potential and opportunities of employees in a UK national bank. The major aims of the equal opportunities audit were: (1) to identify the position of employees in the bank by gender, race, disability, and age; (2) to identify the reasons (e.g. policy/structural barriers) and/or attitu-dinal barriers for job segregation and barriers to recruitment, training, and career progression (particularly into higher managerial grades); (3) to make appropriate recommendations for change to ensure equality of opportunity for all bank employees. A two-phased approach to data collection was utilized in this audit, namely the use of qualitative information in the form of in-house data/materials and group interview sessions, and quantitative data (statistically analysed) from the distribution of a large-scale sample (piloted), postal questionnaire (JV = 595, a 30.5% rate of response). The results were analysed in terms of issues associated with recruitment, promotion, training, working conditions, and the development of career opportunities. Differences were examined between personnel employed in seven UK locations and working within one of four job-grade bands. Gender, disability, and ethnicity differences in the responses were also investigated. The findings indicated that barriers to equality of opportunity and career development in the bank are likely to be localized to specific locations and impacting on those in certain grades. For these reasons, adoption of a blanket policy might not meet the needs of personnel seeking to maximize their career potential and opportunities in the bank. 相似文献
406.
Mansfield A. Mela Eugene Marcoux Marilyn Baetz Ron Griffin Carla Angelski Gu Deqiang 《Mental health, religion & culture》2013,16(5):517-532
All patients in a multilevel secure forensic psychiatric centre were surveyed to determine the relationship between religiosity and spirituality, and depression, anxiety and satisfaction with life. Of the whole population, 90% responded; 5% were females and 47% aboriginal. The mean anxiety and depression scores using the Beck anxiety and depression inventories were low at 11.4 and 17, respectively. Weekly attendance at worship and the private intrinsic religiosity scores were higher than comparable samples of Canadians and general mental-health inpatients. Satisfaction with life score was positively correlated with all religiosity and spirituality variables. There was an inverse relationship between the Existential Well-Being scale and depression scores. The Existential Well-Being scale also correlated positively with satisfaction with life. Weekly worship attendance was inversely correlated with depression scores. These results point to some important differences between this patient population and the general population. 相似文献
407.
Wen-jun Gui Peng-yun Wang Xu Lei Tian Lin Marilyn Horta Xiao-yi Liu 《Memory (Hove, England)》2013,21(3):387-396
ABSTRACTEvidence has demonstrated that sleep-related memory consolidation declines in ageing. However, little is known about age-related changes to sleep-related emotional memory consolidation, especially when considering the positivity effect observed in older adults. In the present study, we sought to explore whether there is a positive emotional bias in sleep-related memory consolidation among healthy older adults. Young and older adults were randomly assigned either into a sleep or wake condition. All participants encoded positive, negative, and neutral stimuli and underwent recognition tests immediately (test 1), after a 12-hour sleep/wake interval (test 2), and 3 days after test 2 (test 3). Results showed that age-related differences of sleep beneficial effect were modulated by emotion valence. In particular, sleep selectively enhanced positive memory in older adults, while in young adults sleep beneficial effect was manifested in neutral memory. Moreover, the sleep beneficial effect can be maintained at least 3 days in both young and older adults. These findings suggest that older adults had preserved but positive bias of sleep-related memory consolidation, which could be one of the underlying mechanisms for their generally better emotional well-being in daily life. These findings highlight the dynamic interplay among sleep and emotional memory in older adults. 相似文献
408.
Abstract: Most people can draw on vast categories of stored information when explicitly asked to do so. The spontaneous, creative, mindful use of previously learned information, however, tends to be atypical. Three studies were designed to assess whether the manner in which information is initially presented affects how such information will subsequently be used, that is, in a mindful or mindless way. More specifically, two experiments (one with children, the other with college students) were conducted to compare the effects of a conditional versus absolute form of teaching upon creativity. Results revealed that instruction presented in an absolute manner resulted in mindless use of the information for both age groups. In contrast, subjects who were taught in a conditional way were better able to creatively deal with the information. For the college students, this finding was obtained even when the absolute learning condition was concerned with theoretical (i.e., conditional) information. In a third experiment, student teachers were taught conditionally or unconditionally in a confident or unconfident manner. Results indicated that confident but conditional instruction was most effective in provoking subsequent mindfulness. 相似文献
409.
The study examined whether life stress moderated the effects of a physical activity intervention. Women (n = 184) and 154 men (61% non-Hispanic white, average age 24 years) from an urban university participated. Data were analyzed separately for men and women using a 2 × 2 ANCOVA adjusting for baseline physical activity (intervention vs. control × high life stress vs. low stress) with total physical activity at one-year and two-year assessments as dependent variables. No significant main effect for stress or condition was found. The interaction was significant (p = 0.015) for men at one-year, indicating that men in the intervention group with high stress were more active than low stress intervention men. Instruction received in the intervention group on the stress-relieving properties of physical activity may have helped men with high stress to adopt or maintain physical activity. 相似文献
410.
Erin A. Kaufman Marilyn J. Montgomery Sheila E. Crowell 《Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research》2014,14(4):297-311
Recent changes to the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders highlight the importance of identity dysfunction within several psychiatric diagnoses. Despite a long-standing tradition of identity research and theory in the developmental literature, there is limited work establishing intersections between clinical and developmental conceptualizations of identity problems. The relative lack of integration between decades of clinical and developmental work is unfortunate, and likely limits progress in both areas. In this commentary, the authors argue for greater interdisciplinary collaboration and highlight contributions from developmental and clinical theories, which, if integrated, could enhance identity scholarship. The developmental psychopathology perspective is introduced as an ideal framework to promote these goals. 相似文献