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151.
Marilyn Holness 《International Journal of Children's Spirituality》2005,10(2):207-214
The end of the ‘bog standard’ and ‘one size fits all’, as part of the British government's education policy, has been emphatically declared. In its place, diversity and difference in terms of specialisms and sponsors have been stressed. However, such diversity has always been a part of the English schooling system in the form of the voluntary sector. It is only comparatively recently that the role of the voluntary sector has once again come under scrutiny but its influence in terms of organisational structures has been an inherent part of the development of the schools within the dual system of English schooling. 相似文献
152.
It is clear that human consciousness can be transformed through spiritual experiences and practices. Little is known, however, about what the predictors, mediators, and outcomes are of such transformations in consciousness. In‐depth structured interviews were conducted with forty‐seven teachers and scholars from religious and spiritual traditions and modern transformative movements to identify factors common to the transformative process across traditions. Compassion and altruism were almost universally identified as important outcomes of positive consciousness transformation. Results of our analysis suggest that altruism and compassion may arise as natural consequences of experiences of interconnection and oneness. These experiences appear to lead to shifts in perspective and changes in one's sense of self and self in relationship to others. Based on these findings, we suggest several mechanisms by which transformative experiences and practices might influence the development of compassion and altruism. 相似文献
153.
The relationship between prosody and comprehension, previously demonstrated in K–12 students, was examined in university students enrolled in first‐year writing classes. Students completed the Gray Oral Reading Test‐5 both before and after an expressive reading intervention (ER) or no oral reading instruction (NI). Throughout the semester, the ER students marked an excerpt of text for prosodic signals and read it aloud with a partner. Training and practice in expressive reading led to a significant improvement in the normed Oral Reading Index score. Specifically, ER participants demonstrated improved accuracy, fluency, and reading comprehension in comparison with NI participants. The significant relationship between accuracy and comprehension in the ER condition suggests that expressive reading instruction strengthened student ability to read words accurately and, in turn, comprehend the material better than students in the NI condition. Expressive reading practices are recommended to engage students more deeply with the text. 相似文献
154.
The American Journal of Psychoanalysis - Identity development depends on the ability to say ‘no.’ Setting limits enables a relationship between two separate individuals to develop.... 相似文献
155.
Marilyn R. Fitzpatrick Shahrzad Irannejad 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2008,86(4):438-445
The authors examined the relationship between readiness for change and the quality of the working alliance of adolescents (ages 14–18 years) and their counselors. As predicted, clients who were more ready for change had more positive alliances, particularly with respect to goal and task collaboration. There was also a trend toward the association of the maintenance or postchange stage with a weakened bond. 相似文献
156.
Vaughan L Basak C Hartman M Verhaeghen P 《Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition》2008,15(6):703-724
Two experiments used the N-Back task to test for age differences in working memory inside and outside the focus of attention. Manipulations of the difficulty of item-context binding (Experiment 1) and of stimulus feature binding (Experiment 2) were used to create conditions that varied in their demand on working memory, with the expectation that greater demand might increase age differences in focus-switching costs and the search rate outside the focus of attention. Results showed, however, that although age differences were evident in measures of overall speed and accuracy, and the manipulations significantly affected response times and accuracy in the expected direction, the experimental manipulations had no impact on age differences. Findings instead pointed to age-related reductions in accuracy but not speed of focus-switching and search outside the focus of attention. Thus, age-related deficits appear to involve the availability of representations in working memory, but not their accessibility. 相似文献
157.
Catherine Tellides Marilyn Fitzpatrick Martin Drapeau Robert Bracewell Jennifer Janzen Alexia Jaouich 《Counselling and Psychotherapy Research》2008,8(2):85-92
Despite the clinical use of therapeutic transference across various schools of psychotherapy, there have been relatively few empirical studies of this phenomenon, none of which has examined transference with a non‐pathological population. In this study, the core conflictual relationship theme (CCRT) method was used to examine the manifestation of therapeutic transference in the first three sessions of 22 counselling contracts with high‐functioning individuals. Factor analyses of the wish (W) and response of other (RO) components of the CCRT indicate a complementary pattern of relating in which the therapist is idealised and others are devalued. Within the response of self (RS) component, clients exhibited a concordant relational transfer whereby they had a negative response to both the therapist and others. Additionally, control issues emerged in the W component for significant others and in the RS component for the therapist. 相似文献
158.
Temperament assessed in the newborn period was compared for four twin infants who subsequently died of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) and their surviving cotwins. The assessment focused on irritability, resistance to soothing, reactivity, reinforcement value, activity while awake, and activity during sleep. No differences were observed between cotwins on a combined irritability rating. SIDS victims, however, were less irritable than their siblings in response to aversive stimuli. When irritable, the SIDS infants were more difficult to soothe than their cotwins. While awake, SIDS infants were less active than their cotwins, but during sleep, no activity differences were observed. The SIDS infants were more reactive to orienting stimuli, and neither group was found to be more or less rewarding to the examiner. It was concluded that this study has helped to define behavioral variables that might be characteristic of infants whose subsequent deaths are attributed to SIDS. 相似文献
159.
Marilyn Lawrence 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2002,83(4):837-850
This paper takes as its starting point the preponderance of female to male patients who suffer from anorexia. The author suggests that there may be something specific about certain experiences of femaleness which predispose towards anxieties of intrusion. Two contemporary theories of the aetiology of anorexia are outlined. Both of these suggest that the problem has its origins in intrusion or invasion of different sorts. The author suggests that many women who suffer from anorexia have an intrusive object instated in their minds, which may not necessarily be the result of actual intrusions in external reality. In the final part of the paper, the author examines the intrusiveness of anorexic patients in the transference and suggests that such patients very often harbour profound phantasies of intruding between the parents, with a wish to regain their special place with mother, untroubled by the presence of father. It is further suggested that the psychopathology underlying certain cases of anorexia leads to a failure in symbolisation. This failure in turn complicates the clinical picture, making such patients particularly difficult to think with about their difficulties. 相似文献
160.
Denise S. Zirkle Marilyn A. Jensen Joan Collins‐Marotte Robert J. Murphy Cleborne Maddux 《Counseling and values》2002,46(2):108-117
The authors investigated dual relationships between 2 groups of staff (direct care and professional) and adolescent clients in 2 residential treatment programs. Staff were surveyed on their behavior and corresponding ethical beliefs regarding interactions they believed to be acceptable with minor clients specifically at termination of the treatment program. Direct care staff were more likely than were professional staff to have inconsistencies in behaviors and ethical beliefs. The American Counseling Association's (1995) Code of Ethics would prohibit some of the staff beliefs regarding acceptable behavior. Both groups were uncertain about the ethical appropriateness of certain interactions with adolescent clients. Implications are discussed. 相似文献