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991.
Marie Ottilie Frenkel Robin-Bastian Heck Henning Plessner 《Anxiety, stress, and coping》2018,31(5):580-593
Background/objectives: Sensation seeking is closely related to practicing high-risk sports. This domain offers individuals an opportunity to achieve an increased level of arousal. Moreover, stress reactivity implies interindividual differences in the capacity to respond to a stressor. The purpose of this study was to examine whether high sensation seekers (HSS) compared to low sensation seekers (LSS) experience lower levels of stress on a physiological and psychological basis. Stress was induced in a sport-specific experimental paradigm with a climbing task through a jump into the rope.Methods: Two extreme groups (n?=?28 male athletes) were examined in a mixed-factorial design (between: HSS vs. LSS; within: repeated measurements of several variables related to stress reactivity - cortisol, heart rate, anxiety).Results: In response to the stressor HSS compared to LSS released a significantly lower amount of cortisol and needed less time for the climbing task. Heart rate and anxiety were not significant.Conclusions: Individuals seem to react physiologically differently to a sport-specific stressor, depending on their level of sensation seeking. HSS seem to be less strained, and seem to perform better. These findings might be relevant not only for the evaluation of (sport-) psychological interventions but also for other contexts (e.g., special forces). 相似文献
992.
Aoife O’Higgins Eleanor Marie Ott Michael William Shea 《Clinical child and family psychology review》2018,21(3):354-365
Record numbers of unaccompanied refugee minors have been arriving in high-income countries since 2015. Child welfare agencies and non-governmental organisations tasked with providing services have struggled to cope with demands on their services as a result. Despite this, there is little research on how best to meet their needs and in particular what services can mitigate the psychological difficulties they face. As a result, the evidence base for social services for refugee children remains very limited. This paper is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence on the relationship between care placement type and the educational, mental health and physical health outcomes of unaccompanied refugee minors. We searched ten databases and identified 3877 citations which were screened for inclusion. Nine studies were included in the final review, with seven included in the meta-analysis. Eight studies examined the link between accommodation type and mental health outcomes, and two analysed the relationship between accommodation type and education. There were no studies looking at physical health outcomes. Included studies suggest that foster care and placements that are culturally sensitive may be associated with better mental health outcomes. This review highlights the paucity of research on the impact of services provided by child welfare agencies and non-governmental organisations. 相似文献
993.
Chedid Georges Sfeir Michel Mouzawak Marie Saroufim Leen Hayek Perla Wilson Maximilliano A. Brambati Simona Maria 《Journal of psycholinguistic research》2022,51(1):93-133
Journal of Psycholinguistic Research - Research on language processing requires language-specific norms of pictorial and linguistic experimental stimuli across different psycholinguistic variables.... 相似文献
994.
Journal of Child and Family Studies - Although researchers have explored the link between depression and executive functioning (EF), the influence of early-life environmental and relational... 相似文献
995.
996.
Mariana Cordovil de Sousa Uva Philippe de Timary Marie Cortesi Moïra Mikolajczak Paul du Roy de Blicquy Olivier Luminet 《Personality and individual differences》2010,48(1):16-21
In order to understand how emotional aspects evolve and are related to craving for alcohol, different emotion-related variables were examined in relationship to craving during a protracted withdrawal. To this end state affectivity (PANAS), emotional intelligence (EI) (TEIQue), and craving (OCDS) were assessed at the onset (T1: day 1 or 2) and at the end (T2: day 14 to 18) of three-week protracted withdrawal among alcohol-dependent inpatients (DSM-IV, N = 41). A significant decrease in craving and negative affectivity (NA) was observed from T1 to T2 while EI scores remained low. At both baseline and follow-up, there was a significant moderation effect of EI on the link between NA and craving for alcohol. Negative mood at the onset of the cure was linked to craving at the end of the withdrawal period but only among patients with low trait EI scores. The merits of using psychotherapeutic approaches were discussed in the treatment of alcohol addiction. 相似文献
997.
Previous dual-task research pairing complex visual tasks involving non-spatial cognitive processes during dichotic listening have shown effects on the late component (Ndl) of the negative difference selective attention waveform but no effects on the early (Nde) response suggesting that the Ndl, but not the Nde, is affected by non-spatial processing in a dual-task. Thus to further explore the nature of this dissociation and whether the Nd waveform is affected by spatial processing; fourteen adult participants performed auditory dichotic listening in conjunction with visuo-spatial memory in a cross-modal dual-task paradigm. The results showed that the visuo-spatial memory task decreased both the Nde and Ndl waveforms, and also attenuated P300 and increased its latency. This pattern of results suggests that: (1) the Nde reflects a memory trace that is shared with vision when the information is spatial in nature, and (2) P300 latency appears to be influenced by the discriminability of stimuli underlying the Nde and Ndl memory trace. 相似文献
998.
We encounter many faces each day but relatively few are personally familiar. Once faces are familiar, they evoke semantic and social information known about the person. Neuroimaging studies demonstrate differential brain activity to familiar and non-familiar faces; however, brain responses related to personally familiar faces have been more rarely studied. We examined brain activity with fMRI in adults in response to faces of their mothers and fathers compared to faces of celebrities and strangers. Overall, faces of mothers elicited more activity in core and extended brain regions associated with face processing, compared to fathers, celebrity or stranger faces. Fathers’ faces elicited activity in the caudate, a deep brain structure associated with feelings of love. These new findings of differential brain responses elicited by faces of mothers and fathers are consistent with psychological research on attachment, evident even during adulthood. 相似文献
999.
Ann Marie Crapanzano Paul J. Frick Andrew M. Terranova 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2010,38(4):433-445
The current study investigated the patterns of aggressive behavior displayed in a sample of 282 students in the 4th through
7th grades (M age = 11.28; SD = 1.82). Using cluster analyses, two distinct patterns of physical aggression emerged for both
boys and girls with one aggressive cluster showing mild levels of reactive aggression and one group showing high levels of
both reactive and proactive aggression. Both aggressive clusters showed problems with anger dysregulation, impulsivity, thrill
and adventure seeking, positive outcome expectancies for aggression, and higher rates of bullying. However, the combined cluster
was most severe on all of these variables and only the combined aggressive group differed from non-aggressive students on
their level of callous-unemotional traits. Similar patterns of findings emerged for relational aggression but only for girls. 相似文献
1000.
Lauren S. Simon Timothy A. Judge Marie D.K. Halvorsen-Ganepola 《Journal of Vocational Behavior》2010,76(3):534-546
Two multi-level studies were conducted to examine the effects of attitudes towards coworkers on daily well-being. Study 1 linked daily levels of coworker satisfaction to job satisfaction and life satisfaction and examined the extent to which job satisfaction mediated the relationship between coworker satisfaction and life satisfaction among 33 government employees. Study 2 replicated and extended Study 1 by examining the extent to which agreeableness moderated the relationships between daily levels of coworker satisfaction and job and life satisfaction among an occupationally diverse sample of 79 employees. Results revealed that coworker satisfaction varied significantly from day to day and was positively related to job and life satisfaction. Further, job satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between daily coworker satisfaction and life satisfaction. Finally, agreeableness moderated the relationship between coworker satisfaction and job and life satisfaction, such that daily levels of these variables were more contingent on coworker satisfaction for agreeable individuals. 相似文献