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41.
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Avi Astor Marian Burchardt Mar Griera 《Journal for the scientific study of religion》2017,56(1):126-142
This article contributes to sociological theorizations of religion as heritage through analyzing the politics of religious heritage in Spain since its transition to democracy during the late 1970s. Our analysis is organized around three historical sequences of critical importance for understanding the political and legal significance of discourses that frame religion as cultural heritage in Spain: (1) negotiations that took place during Spain's democratic transition between 1977 and 1980; (2) discussions that surfaced in the context of the state's decision to recognize Islam, Protestantism, and Judaism in 1992; and (3) more recent debates regarding the incorporation of religious minorities in the context of increasing religious diversity, especially concerning places of worship. We show how framing “religion” using the language of cultural heritage has provided religious actors with a means of defending the connection between religion and national identity—and of protecting the privileges of majoritarian religious institutions without violating core tenets of secularism or pluralism. This scenario has created space for certain religious minorities to claim a place within Spain's evolving socioreligious landscape by invoking alternative heritages from Spain's multicultural past. 相似文献
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Marian J. Rossiter 《Journal of International Migration and Integration》2005,6(3-4):493-512
International correspondence (or mail-order) brides who are sponsored by Canadian husbands make up one group of Family Class immigrants to Canada. In this paper, I present findings from interviews conducted with Slavic women in urban and rural areas of Alberta. I discuss the expectations of women seeking husbands from First World countries and the realities that they encounter following their arrival in Canada. I outline their language and settlement circumstances and make recommendations for effective responses to their particular situations. 相似文献
45.
Marian J. Bakermans‐Kranenburg Marinus H. Van IJzendoorn Femmie Juffer 《Infant mental health journal》2005,26(3):191-216
Infant disorganized attachment is a major risk factor for problematic stress management and later problem behavior. Can the emergence of attachment disorganization be prevented? The current narrative review and quantitative meta‐analysis involves 15 preventive interventions (N = 842) that included infant disorganized attachment as an outcome measure. The effectiveness of the interventions ranged from negative to positive, with an overall effect size of d = 0.05 (ns). Effective interventions started after 6 months of the infant's age (d = 0.23). Interventions that focused on sensitivity only were significantly more effective in reducing attachment disorganization (d = 0.24) than interventions that (also) focused on support and parent's mental representations (d = ?0.04). Most sample characteristics were not associated with differences in effect sizes, but studies with children at risk were more successful (d = 0.29) than studies with at‐risk parents (d = ?0.10), and studies on samples with higher percentages of disorganized attachment in the control groups were more effective (d = 0.31) than studies with lower percentages of disorganized children in the control group (d = ?0.18). The meta‐analysis shows that disorganized attachments may change as a side effect of sensitivity‐focused interventions, but it also illustrates the need for interventions specifically focusing on the prevention of disorganization. 相似文献
46.
Betz ME Valley MA Lowenstein SR Hedegaard H Thomas D Stallones L Honigman B 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2011,41(5):562-573
Suicide rates are higher at high altitudes; some hypothesize that hypoxia is the cause. We examined 8,871 suicides recorded in 2006 in 15 states by the National Violent Death Reporting System, with the victim's home county altitude determined from the National Elevation Dataset through FIPS code matching. We grouped cases by altitude (low<1000m; middle=1000-1999m; high≥2000m). Of reported suicides, 5% were at high and 83% at low altitude, but unadjusted suicide rates per 100,000 population were higher at high (17.7) than at low (5.7) altitude. High and low altitude victims differed with respect to race, ethnicity, rural residence, intoxication, depressed mood preceding the suicide, firearm use and recent financial, job, legal, or interpersonal problems. Even after multivariate adjustment, there were significant differences in personal, mental health, and suicide characteristics among altitude groups. Compared to low altitude victims, high altitude victims had higher odds of having family or friends report of a depressed mood preceding the suicide (OR 1.78; 95%CI:1.46-2.17) and having a crisis within 2weeks before death (OR 2.00; 95%CI:1.63-1.46). Suicide victims at high and low altitudes differ significantly by multiple demographic, psychiatric, and suicide characteristics; these factors, rather than hypoxia or altitude itself, may explain increased suicide rates at high altitude. 相似文献
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Dobrova-Krol NA van Ijzendoorn MH Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ Cyr C Juffer F 《Infant behavior & development》2008,31(3):539-553
To study the effect of institutional rearing on physical growth and stress regulation we examined 16 institution-reared children (3–6 years old) in Ukraine and compared them with 18 native family-reared children pair-matched on age and gender. Physical growth trajectories were examined on the basis of archival medical records and current measurements of height, weight, and head circumference. Stress regulation was studied on the basis of diurnal salivary cortisol sampled six times during 1 day. 31% of institution-reared children were stunted at 48 months whereas none of the family-reared children were. Substantial delays in physical growth were observed in institution-reared children especially during the first year of life. From 24 months onwards a tendency for improvement in physical growth was evident among the temporarily stunted institution-reared children, with complete catch-up in weight and partial catch-up in height by the time of assessment. Chronically stunted institution-reared children demonstrated persistent severe growth delays. Institution-reared and family-reared children showed similar patterns of diurnal cortisol production with decreases over the day. However, temporarily stunted institution-reared children had a significantly higher total daily cortisol production than both chronically stunted institution-reared children and family-reared children. These data confirm previous findings regarding physical growth delays and stress dysregulation associated with institutional care, but also point to differences in cortisol production between stunted and non-stunted institution-reared children. 相似文献
49.
The influence of phonological similarity on bilingual language processing was examined within and across languages in three
experiments. Phonological similarity was manipulated within a language by varying neighborhood density, and across languages
by varying extent of cross-linguistic overlap between native and non-native languages. In Experiment 1, speed and accuracy
of bilinguals’ picture naming were susceptible to phonological neighborhood density in both the first and the second language.
In Experiment 2, eye-movement patterns indicated that the time-course of language activation varied across phonological neighborhood
densities and across native/non-native language status. In Experiment 3, speed and accuracy of bilingual performance in an
auditory lexical decision task were influenced by degree of cross-linguistic phonological overlap. Together, the three experiments
confirm that bilinguals are sensitive to phonological similarity within and across languages and suggest that this sensitivity
is asymmetrical across native and non-native languages and varies along the timecourse of word processing. 相似文献
50.
Amaryll Perlesz Rhonda Brown Jo Lindsay Ruth McNair David De Vaus Marian Pitts 《Journal of Family Therapy》2006,28(2):175-199
Lesbian parents, their children and grandparents ‘do family’ in rich and diverse ways. This article draws on innovative grounded theory research using qualitative, multi‐generational family interviews with twenty lesbian‐parented families living in Victoria, Australia. The intersection between the public and the private in lesbian family life has been seriously neglected by family researchers, and in particular the perspectives of family members other than the lesbian parents themselves. This article addresses the question of ‘How members of lesbian‐parented families define and describe their family’, and the results reported here focus on children's and grandparents' views, because they are the voices less well represented in the literature. Children and grandparents straddle both mainstream and marginalized spaces as they negotiate contemporary family life. We examine the interface and tensions between the traditional and the transformative, and the implications of these findings for family therapists are briefly discussed. 相似文献