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111.
Morgan Elena Usai van der Meer Audrey Vulchanova Mila Blasi Damián E. Baggio Giosuè 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》2020,27(3):441-464
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review - According to traditional linguistic theories, the construction of complex meanings relies firmly on syntactic structure-building operations. Recently, however,... 相似文献
112.
Cavell M 《Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association》2002,50(1):319-24; author reply 325-30
113.
Higgins (1997, 1998) proposed two self-regulatory or motivational systems—one sensitive to gains (promotion) and one sensitive
to losses (prevention). To examine the interaction of motivation and cognition, participants made good/bad or abstract/concrete
judgments about concepts during fMRI scanning. After scanning, participants rated the extent to which each stimulus was good
and bad and completed a questionnaire that measured promotion/prevention orientation. For each participant, contrast maps
were generated representing the association between neural processing and stimulus valence (good/bad), and these factors were
then regressed against participants’ promotion and prevention focus scores. For the good/bad but not for the abstract/concrete
task, promotion focus was associated with greater activity in the amygdala, anterior cingulate, and extrastriate cortex for
positive stimuli, and prevention focus was associated with activity in the same regions for negative stimuli; these results
are consistent with the hypothesis that the way in which evaluative information is processed is influenced by individual differences
in self-regulatory focus. 相似文献
114.
Michael Macht Marcia Smith Pasqualini Pille Taba 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2007,14(2):165-176
Three patients diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) were treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT): a
43-year-old woman suffering from depression and social anxiety, a 45-year-old man with sexual problems and maladaptive coping
strategies, and a 78-year-old man with freezing of gait. On the basis of functional analyses, interventions were selected,
including cognitive methods, social skills training, paradoxical instructions and strategies to improve management of freezing.
The interventions were related to improved adaptation to motor impairments and better ability to cope with the disease. These
case presentations suggest that CBT can improve quality of life in PD by modifying maladaptive cognitive, emotional and behavioral
reactions to the disease and its symptoms. 相似文献
115.
Social Neuroscience: Progress and Implications for Mental Health 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
John T. Cacioppo David G. Amaral Jack J. Blanchard Judy L. Cameron C. Sue Carter David Crews Susan Fiske Todd Heatherton Marcia K. Johnson Michael J. Kozak Robert W. Levenson Catherine Lord Earl K. Miller Kevin Ochsner Marcus E. Raichle M. Tracie Shea Shelley E. Taylor Larry J. Young Kevin J. Quinn 《Perspectives on Psychological Science》2007,2(2):99-123
ABSTRACT— Social neuroscience is a new, interdisciplinary field devoted to understanding how biological systems implement social processes and behavior. Social neuroscience capitalizes on biological concepts and methods to inform and refine theories of social behavior, and it uses social and behavioral constructs and data to inform and refine theories of neural organization and function. We focus here on the progress and potential of social neuroscience in the area of mental health. Research in social neuroscience has grown dramatically in recent years. Among the most active areas of research we found are brain-imaging studies in normal children and adults; animal models of social behavior; studies of stroke patients; imaging studies of psychiatric patients; and research on social determinants of peripheral neural, neuroendocrine, and immunological processes. We also found that these areas of research are proceeding along largely independent trajectories. Our goals in this article are to review the development of this field, examine some currently promising approaches, identify obstacles and opportunities for future advances and integration, and consider how this research can inform work on the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. 相似文献
116.
In the initial interviews of family therapy sessions, the therapist faces the challenge of obtaining and organizing the information that is most relevant toward understanding the essential concerns that families and couples bring to therapy. This article describes the process of clinical interviewing and case conceptualization used in training family therapists at the Ackerman Institute for the Family. This approach helps the therapist bring forward, and organize, specific information into relational hypotheses, or systemic‐relational conceptualizations, that allow both family members and the therapist to understand presenting problems within their relational contexts. While always provisional, relational hypotheses help anchor the therapist in a systemic‐relational frame and provide a conceptual through‐line to guide the ongoing work of the therapy. The process of interviewing and the construction of clear and complex conceptualizations of presenting problems are illustrated through case examples. 相似文献
117.
118.
Marcia Baron 《Metaphilosophy》2016,47(4-5):504-523
In “Is Penalty Enhancement a Sound Idea?” Claudia Card calls into question hate crime legislation, querying whether hatred makes a crime worse, whether hatred of the sort pertinent to hate crimes is worse than a more personal hatred, and whether the message sent by hate crime legislation is the intended message. This essay questions her assumption that penalty enhancement for hate crimes is warranted only if the crimes are worse than otherwise similar crimes that do not count as hate crimes. Instead, it may be the case that it is the proper business of the state to take a particular interest in such crimes, in part because they enact not just any hatred but civic hatred. And if hate crimes are understood as enacting civic hatred, hate crime legislation can indeed serve to counter a message that very much needs to be countered. 相似文献
119.
Margaret A. McDevitt Roger M. Dunn Marcia L. Spetch Elliot A. Ludvig 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》2016,105(1):23-40
Pigeons and other animals sometimes deviate from optimal choice behavior when given informative signals for delayed outcomes. For example, when pigeons are given a choice between an alternative that always leads to food after a delay and an alternative that leads to food only half of the time after a delay, preference changes dramatically depending on whether the stimuli during the delays are correlated with (signal) the outcomes or not. With signaled outcomes, pigeons show a much greater preference for the suboptimal alternative than with unsignaled outcomes. Key variables and research findings related to this phenomenon are reviewed, including the effects of durations of the choice and delay periods, probability of reinforcement, and gaps in the signal. We interpret the available evidence as reflecting a preference induced by signals for good news in a context of uncertainty. Other explanations are briefly summarized and compared. 相似文献
120.
Emily C. Merz Susan H. Landry Tricia A. Zucker Marcia A. Barnes Michael Assel Heather B. Taylor Christopher J. Lonigan Beth M. Phillips Jeanine Clancy‐Menchetti Nancy Eisenberg Tracy L. Spinrad Carlos Valiente Jill de Villiers the School Readiness Research Consortium 《Infant and child development》2016,25(5):371-390