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131.
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133.
A large body of empirical research now shows that people are surprisingly poor at detecting significant changes in visually
presented scenes. This phenomenon is known aschange blindness in vision. A similar phenomenon occurs in audition, but to date no such effect has been documented in touch. In the present
study, we explored the ability of people to detect changes introduced between two consecutively presented vibrotactile patterns
presented over the body surface. The patterns consisted of two or three vibrotactile stimuli presented for 200 msec. The position
of one of the vibrotactile stimuli composing the display was repeatedly changed (alternating between two different positions)
on 50% of the trials, but the same pattern was presented repeatedly on the remaining trials. Three conditions were investigated:
No interval between the patterns, an empty interval between the patterns, and a masked interval between the patterns. Change
detection was near perfect in the no-interval block. Performance deteriorated somewhat in the empty-interval block, but by
far the worst change detection performance occurred in the masked-interval block. These results demonstrate that “change blindness”
can also affect tactile perception. 相似文献
134.
In his response to Szasz' Secular Humanism and Scientific Psychiatry, the author considers the use of rhetorical devices in
Szasz' work, Szasz' avoidance of acknowledging psychiatry's scientific distinctions, and Szaszian libertarianism versus liberalism. 相似文献
135.
The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between behavioural inhibition (BI) and anxious symptoms within a diathesis-stress framework, using a short-term prospective design. In addition, we examined whether BI acts as a specific vulnerability to anxious symptoms, or as a common vulnerability to both anxious and depressive symptoms. At time 1, 384 children in grades 3 through 6 completed self-report measures of BI, anxious symptoms, and depressive symptoms. Six weeks later, they completed self-report measures of hassles, anxious symptoms, and depressive symptoms. Results demonstrated that children with high BI who experienced high levels of hassles during the 6-week follow-up interval showed increases in anxious symptoms, but not depressive symptoms. 相似文献
136.
The cumulative semantic cost describes a phenomenon in which picture naming latencies increase monotonically with each additional within-category item that is named in a sequence of pictures. Here we test whether the cumulative semantic cost requires the assumption of lexical selection by competition. In Experiment 1 participants named a sequence of pictures, while in Experiment 2 participants named words instead of pictures, preceded by a gender marked determiner. We replicate the basic cumulative semantic cost with pictures (Exp. 1) and show that there is no cumulative semantic cost for word targets (Exp. 2). This pattern was replicated in Experiment 3 in which pictures and words were named along with their gender marked definite determiner, and were intermingled within the same experimental design. In addition, Experiment 3 showed that while picture naming induces a cumulative semantic cost for subsequently named words, word naming does not induce a cumulative semantic cost for subsequently named pictures. These findings suggest that the cumulative semantic cost arises prior to lexical selection and that the effect arises due to incremental changes to the connection weights between semantic and lexical representations. 相似文献
137.
Daniel Z. Korman 《Philosophical Studies》2010,149(3):387-393
Kripke maintains that one who stipulatively introduces the term ‘one meter’ as a rigid designator for the length of a certain
stick s at time t is in a position to know a priori that if s exists at t then the length of s at t is one meter. Some (e.g.,
Soames 2003) have objected to this alleged instance of the contingent a priori on the grounds that the stipulator's knowledge
would have to be based in part on substantive metalinguistic knowledge. I examine Soames's argument for the a posteriority
of the relevant metalinguistic knowledge, and I argue that its main premise is false. 相似文献
138.
Magnesium oxide (MgO) films and particles have been collected by pressurised filtration of a Mg-8.6wt%Al-0.67wt%Zn (AZ91D) alloy melt. The morphology of the oxides and their interfaces with the α-Mg phase were investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the oxide films consisted of large numbers of sub-micrometre-sized MgO particles, and that melt shearing can effectively break up the oxide films and disperse the oxide particles. For the first time, orientation relationships (ORs) of OR I: [1?1?1]MgO~2° from (0?0?0?1)α-Mg and (0?1?1)MgO?//[2?1?1?0)α-Mg; and OR II: (1?1?1)MgO//(1?1?0?1)α-Mg and [0?1?1]MgO//[1?2?1?1]α-Mg, were observed between the MgO particles and the α-Mg matrix. The calculated Bramfitt planar disregistries were 5.5% and 2.5% for the two ORs, respectively, indicating good lattice matching between MgO and α-Mg at the interface. With the evidence of grain refinement effect observed in the sheared AZ91D magnesium alloy, the possibility of MgO particles to act as potent nucleants for heterogeneous nucleation of α-Mg grains is discussed in terms of the crystallographic criterion. 相似文献
139.
Y. Z. Liu X. T. Zu J. Lian L. Wang X. Q. Huang Z. G. Wang 《Philosophical Magazine Letters》2013,93(11):705-712
Ti–Al–Zr alloy has been oxidized at 360°C in alkaline steam at a pressure of 10.3?±?0.7?MPa. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations indicated that the oxide scale of Ti–Al–Zr alloy was composed of outer and inner subscales, in which the outer layer consists of anatase-TiO2 and the inner layer a mixture of TiO and Ti2O. The thickness of the Ti2O, TiO and anatase-TiO2 were approximately 50, 100 and 400?nm, respectively. These results were confirmed by X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) measurements. The enhanced corrosion of titanium alloys in LiOH solution is attributed to a high hexagonal Ti2O to tetragonal TiO2 phase transformation rate induced by the substitution of Li+ for Ti4+ in the oxide layer. 相似文献
140.
The compressive deformation and fracture features of Zr59Cu20Al10Ni8Ti3 bulk metallic glassy samples with aspect ratios in the range of 0.67–2.00 have been investigated. The compressive plastic strain of the glass monotonically increases with decreasing aspect ratio, but the maximum strength almost maintains a constant value of 1.77–1.88?GPa. All the compressive shear-band angles are equal to?~40° if modified by the rotation of the primary shear bands. 相似文献