Attitudes towards credit and finances among college students in China and the United States

Although there is growing concern about the issue of credit card debt among college students in China, little research has examined attitudes to money and debt among that group. The present study compared financial self‐confidence, perceived financial wellbeing, attitudes to debt, and parent education about money and debt in 410 college students from the US and China. Although college students in China reported fewer credit cards and less debt, they also reported lower levels of financial self‐confidence and financial wellbeing. In both cultures, delay of gratification and parental education predicted both self‐confidence and financial wellbeing.     

Evaluating the Impact of Careless Responding on Aggregated-Scores: To Filter Unmotivated Examinees or Not?

When examinees' test-taking motivation is questionable, practitioners must determine whether careless responding is of practical concern and if so, decide on the best approach to filter such responses. As there has been insufficient research on these topics, the objectives of this study were to: a) evaluate the degree of underestimation in the true mean when careless responses are present, and b) compare the effectiveness of two filtering procedures in purifying biased aggregated-scores. Results demonstrated that: a) the true mean was underestimated by around 0.20 SDs if the total amount of careless responses exceeded 6.25%, 12.5%, and 12.5% for easy, moderately difficult, and difficult tests, respectively, and b) listwise deleting data from unmotivated examinees artificially inflated the true mean by as much as .42 SDs when ability was related to careless responding. Findings from this study have implications for when and how practitioners should handle careless responses for group-based low-stakes assessments.     

The lack of dominance and choice deferral: Choosing to defer to cope with the feeling of being out of control

The present study aimed to explore whether emotional dominance can also account for choice deferral. This research manipulated emotional dominance through the difference in attractiveness among current alternatives in Experiment 1 and the readability of fonts for describing current options in Experiment 2, to investigate the role of dominance in choice deferral. The results revealed that increasingly submissive decision environments were related to more choice of deferral options. Mediation analyses indicated that dominance could mediate the effects of experimental manipulations on choice deferral, and that the actual choice of a deferral option was associated with more increase in dominance of retrospective emotion. The results indicate that dominance plays an important role in choice deferral and that choosing to defer can minimize the explicit confrontation of being out of control.     

壮族麽教及其现状浅析

壮族麽教是以布麽为其神职人员、以司麽为其主要经典、以古麽为其主要宗教活动的壮族原生性民族民间宗教.当前壮族麽教的现状和发展趋势值得关注和进一步研究.     

经济全球化的若干伦理思考

经济全球化已经成为当代社会的客观事实和发展趋势。经济全球化的实质是人类利益实现形式的转换与更新。经济全球化中,不同利益主体需要遵循一定的道德要求,即全球伦理,以实现稳定的经济秩序和自身的利益。但全球伦理的实现是一个漫长而艰苦的过程,需要克服一系列价值观和价值取向的障碍,乃至冲破政治上霸权主义的干扰。     

“隐遁”与“坐忘”:埃克哈特与庄子实现人生至高境界之途径比较

人生的终极意义是人类永恒的话题,中世纪德国神秘主义者埃克哈特与中国的庄子虽相隔1600多年,但他们却在实现人生至高境界的路径上有许多契合之处。文章重点讨论了他们实现人生终极目标"神人合一"和"天人合一"的路径,并分析了"隐遁"和"坐忘"等主要方式的异同。     

自我控制的内隐效应研究

自我控制对个体获得成功和幸福至关重要.自我控制是一个多因素相互作用的系统,本研究试图探究自我效能信念和自我控制行为之间是否存在内隐效应.研究采用Greenwald 的内隐联结测验(IAT)方法和Inquisit专业软件,设计一个中国汉语的自我控制信念和行为的IAT,以25名大学生为被试.结果为自我效能信念和自我控制行为之间的IAT效应值大于0,p<0.000, 具有统计学显著意义.结论是自我控制存在内隐效应,自我效能信念和自我控制行为之间有内隐层面的相互作用.本研究对自我控制机制的研究和提高自我控制能力水平的教育训练实践具有参考价值.     

工作记忆容量研究新进展

工作记忆容量作为直接影响人类完成高级认知活动的重要因素而倍受心理学家的关注.长期以来关于工作记忆容量的研究主要集中于工作记忆的执行性控制成分与高级认知活动的关系上,忽略了对注意焦点的研究,而注意焦点则是为了进行当前的认知加工而把从记忆的激活部分提取出来的信息组块加以保持的一个容量有限系统.该文作者讨论了关于工作记忆中注意焦点容量的研究及认识,并指出了当前研究中存在的问题.     

态度改变：说服策略研究的回顾与展望

态度是社会心理学研究的重要领域,近年来研究者发现通过说服可以改变个体的态度,所以态度的说服策略成为一个研究的重点。说服包括了陈述论据和事实,推理,做结论和说明所推荐行为方式的积极效果,所有的一切都是为了使受众相信并且按照这种行为方式行事。本文沿着历史的脉络,从不同的角度阐述了各种说服策略的理论解释及其实验研究,并在此基础上叙述了说服策略未来研究趋势。     

由"宗经"至"宗骚"——刘师培与传统文论批评模式的现代转换

在传统文化向现代转型期,伴随着经学地位的衰落,传统文学批评模式也发生了新变。刘师培把西方的审美观念引入文学理论的研究,将传统“宗经”的批评模式转换为“宗骚”,这一变革深刻反映了转型期文论发展的趋势,呈现传统走向现代的轨迹。