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61.
This research examined how implicit and self-attributed needs to achieve (labeled as n Ach and san Ach, respectively) combine with self-referenced and norm-referenced feedback to predict effort-related (task performance) and choice-related (task continuation) indexes of students' engagement in a mental concentration task. In Experiment 1 the authors found that in a task-focused setting, task performance was predicted by the joint effect of self-referenced feedback and n Ach, whereas task continuation was predicted by the joint effect of norm-referenced feedback and san Ach. In Experiment 2 the authors found that in an ego-focused setting, n Ach and san Ach interacted in the prediction of task performance but not of task continuation. In Experiment 3 the authors found that the effects of n Ach and san Ach on students' performance were mediated by the anticipated affective value of achievement outcomes. These findings are discussed in relation to a 2-system approach to achievement motivation. 相似文献
62.
Limitations of procedures for improving group problem solving 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
63.
Right Hemisphere Activation during Indirect Semantic Priming: Evidence from Event-Related Potentials
Markus Kiefer Matthias Weisbrod Isabel Kern Sabine Maier Manfred Spitzer 《Brain and language》1998,64(3):377
Healthy subjects performed a lexical decision task in a semantic priming paradigm while event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 64 channels. Semantic distance between prime and target was varied by including directly, indirectly, and nonrelated word pairs. At centro-parietal electrodes an N400 to nonrelated pairs was elicited bilaterally which was sensitive only to direct, but not to indirect semantic priming. These N400 priming effects were mirrored by the RT data. At inferior fronto-temporal sites directly related words showed ERP priming effects over both hemispheres. However, indirectly related words only elicited ERP priming effects over the right hemisphere. These results support the hypothesis that the right hemisphere semantic system is involved in processing of remote semantic information. 相似文献
64.
S F Maier S Davies J W Grau R L Jackson D H Morrison T Moye J Madden J D Barchas 《Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983)》1980,94(6):1172-1183
Five experiments examined the influence of opiate antagonists on both the short-term analgesic reaction resulting 30 min after exposure to inescapable shock and the long-term analgesic reaction resulting after reexposure to shock 24 hr after inescapable shock exposure. Experiment 1 showed that the long-term analgesic reaction could be reduced by administration of naltrexone prior to exposure to inescapable tail shock. Experiment 2 showed that the reduction in the long-term analgesic reaction produced by naltrexone was dose-dependent. Experiment 3 showed that the long-term analgesic reaction could also be reduced by administration of naltrexone prior to reexposure to shock. Experiment 4 showed that the long-term analgesic reaction could be reduced by administration of large dose of naloxone prior to reexposure to shock. Experiment 5 showed that the short-term analgesic reaction was reduced by naltrexone administered prior to inescapable shock. Some implications of these results for the biochemical substrates of both learned helplessness and stress-induced analgesia are discussed. 相似文献
65.
This article discusses legal and psychological factors relevant to the drafting of euthanasia statute for adults in the United States including legal and medical definitions of death; the distinction between passive and active euthanasia; living wills and advance directives; the psychological states found among those with a terminal illness; competency determinations; and currently proposed euthanasia models. Discussed at length are six different scenarios for which unique legal and psychological considerations apply to the euthanasia decision. The authors recommend that, if state or federal legislators draft euthanasia legislation, these factors should be incorporated into the statute. 相似文献
66.
67.
Assets and liabilities in group problem solving: the need for an integrative function 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
N R Maier 《Psychological review》1967,74(4):239-249
68.
Thorsten Stumpp Ute R. Hülsheger Peter M. Muck Günter W. Maier 《European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology》2013,22(2):148-166
The present study examined the differentiated relationship between core self-evaluations and affective job attitudes. In previous research, job characteristics were proposed to mediate this relationship. However, the facets of the job characteristics model have not yet been assessed separately. In the present study we tested which job characteristics (i.e., skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback) mediate the relationship between core self-evaluations and job satisfaction as well as organizational commitment in a sample of 199 employees. Results revealed that core self-evaluations were related to job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Task significance was found to mediate these relationships. These findings are discussed with respect to the level on which people regulate their actions. 相似文献
69.
Markus A. Maier Michael P. Berner Robin C. Hau Reinhard Pekrun 《Cognition & emotion》2013,27(3):577-595
Recent studies on affective priming with the naming task have revealed an influence of trait anxiety on the direction of affective priming effects (e.g., Berner & Maier, 2004). This moderating role of trait anxiety was further investigated in a study employing a conceptual priming task. After masked presentation of either hostile or neutral primes, participants performed a person judgment task. As expected, the direction of the hostility rating difference score, defined as the difference between hostility ratings of a target person in the hostility priming condition and in the neutral priming condition, changed from positive to negative with increasing levels of self-reported trait anxiety. The findings are interpreted in terms of salience-dependent overcorrection processes (Glaser & Banaji, 1999). Implications for our understanding of the cognitive functioning in high trait anxiety are discussed. 相似文献
70.