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131.
Abstract— How do people recognize an object in a novel orientation? Psychophysical and neurophvsiological studies have suggested that extensive practice is required before observers can recognize an object that has been rotated to a new orientation Because object orientation frequently vanes with object movement, we examined whether observers might more readily recognize a moving object in a new orientation Results from a priming study indicate that motion significantly arid readily enhances the recognition of new object orientations when those orientations fait within the path of the motion That is motion promotes view-invariant object recognition without practice 相似文献
132.
133.
Glenys Woods Maggie O'Neill Philip A. Woods 《International Journal of Children's Spirituality》1997,2(2):25-40
This paper undertakes what might be described as an exploratory consideration of Steiner Waldorf education to see what light such an examination might throw upon and contribute to policy debates on spiritual education 1 . The paper seeks, through this, to further dialogue between Steiner Waldorf education and the ‘mainstream’ approaches to schooling represented in the UK state system, and considers possible research directions and policy strategies.
134.
Maggie Robson 《British Journal of Guidance & Counselling》2008,36(1):71-80
This paper describes the therapeutic journey of Leigh (not his real name), a nine-year-old boy who was referred for play therapy due to the death of his 15-year-old brother. The play therapy was offered through a joint project called 'Playing through Loss' and run jointly between a UK university and the local branch of a national bereavement organisation. The project was set up to offer play therapy to bereaved children in the local area. Leigh had eight sessions of therapy and this paper describes the major themes of his play and makes some preliminary explorations of the meaning the play may have had for him. Interestingly some of his play focused on a computer game called 'Zelda' and an exploration of the powerfulness of this as a therapeutic tool is also explored. The therapist's theoretic orientation is described along with her perceived role as 'loyal companion'. Finally, the process by which Leigh worked with his loss is discussed. 相似文献
135.
This paper aims to extend understanding of student counsellors’ perceptions of participation in personal development (PD) groups during training. PD participants were invited to record their experiences in relation to these groups over a three month period. The accounts were then subjected to thematic analysis. Safety was found to be a dominant theme–both in the sense of how the group felt safe for them and also how the safety was threatened. These concepts are discussed and lessons the data has offered in terms of good practice in facilitating PD groups during counsellor training programmes are elucidated. 相似文献
136.
Testing for carrier status for various genetic conditions often takes place during adolescence or young adulthood. This paper
aims to add to the discussion of when is the best time to test through an examination of how the law on medical treatment
of children appears to be used in practice and how a careful examination of legal rulings might shed light upon best practice
in this area. Our focus is on the Gillick ruling (Gillick v West Norfolk and Wisbech Area Health Authority 1986), which dealt
with consent and confidentiality with respect to the provision of contraceptive advice to under 16-year-olds, but which has
become a general benchmark for consent to medical treatment within UK law. In addition, we draw upon data from a qualitative
research study which indicates potential problems with certain practices in respect of the influence of the Gillick ruling
on carrier testing procedures. We present evidence that in at least some instances, adolescents have reduced capacity to grasp
fully the implications of carrier test results. In the light of our findings we make recommendations for practice concerning
the testing of children and young persons. 相似文献
137.
Studies of deception detection traditionally have focused on verbal communication. Nevertheless, people commonly deceive others through nonverbal cues. Previous research has shown that intentions can be inferred from the ways in which people move their bodies. Furthermore, motor expertise within a given domain has been shown to increase visual sensitivity to other people’s movements within that domain. Does expertise also enhance deception detection from bodily movement? In two psychophysical studies, experienced basketball players and novices attempted to distinguish deceptive intentions (fake passes) and veridical intentions (true passes) from an observed individual’s actions. Whereas experts and novices performed similarly with postural cues, only experts could detect deception from kinematics alone. These results demonstrate a link between action expertise and the detection of nonverbal deception. 相似文献
138.
139.
Eric Rassin Peter Muris Ingmar Franken Maartje Smit Maggie Wong 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2007,29(1):60-67
Although indecisiveness seems to be a widespread problem, little empirical research has addressed its measurement. Frost and
Shows (1993; Behaviour Research and Therapy, 31, 683–692) introduced the Indecisiveness Scale (IS) as a measure of individual differences in general indecisiveness. Although
these authors conducted various psychometric analyses, some properties (e.g., factor structure, test-retest reliability) were
not investigated. In the present studies, several reliability and validity indices were computed. First, four of the fifteen
items of the IS were found to be omissible. Second, 4-week test-retest reliability was found to be satisfactory. Third, scores
on the IS were found to correlate meaningfully with a concurrent measure of decision making, and with various scales of psychopathology.
Lastly, in Study 4, the IS was found to predict scores on a behavioural measure of decision making, suggesting good predictive
validity. Overall, these findings suggest that the IS has good psychometric properties. 相似文献
140.
Stressful situations hinder judgement. Effects of stress induced by anticipated public speaking on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) were examined. The Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) was used to examine the relationship between reflective thinking and IGT performance. The stress manipulation increased blood pressure and was associated with poorer IGT and CRT performance. Stressed participants were slower to avoid the disadvantageous decks. Moreover, CRT scores correlated with optimal deck selections indicating the importance of reflective thinking for good performance on the IGT. These correlations were observed in relatively early trials, which challenges the view that analytic thinking is not important when card contingencies are being learned. Data revealed that IGT performance in healthy individuals is not always optimal; stress levels impair performance. A mediation analysis was consistent with the proposal that the stress manipulation reduced IGT performance by impeding reflective thinking. Thus, reflective processing is an important explanation of IGT performance in healthy populations. It was concluded that more reflective participants appear to learn from the outcomes of their decisions even when stressed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献