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141.
142.
社会建构论心理学对维果茨基思想的继承和发展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
维果茨基理论为社会建构论的产生与发展奠定了基础,社会建构论从维果茨基思想中汲取了丰富的营养,并从多方面丰富发展了维果茨基的社会建构思想。社会建构论心理学沿袭了维果茨基的反叛精神,继承并发展了维果茨基倡导的认识论和发展观,借鉴了维果茨基提出的工具论和方法论,对现代心理学的基本预设进行了根本性动摇和冲击 相似文献
143.
Wei Ji Ma 《Trends in cognitive sciences》2012,16(10):511-518
144.
Małgorzata Porębska 《Studia Logica》1986,45(1):35-38
Important positive as well as negative results on interpolation property in fragments of the intuitionistic propositional logic (INT) were obtained by J. I. Zucker in [6]. He proved that the interpolation theorem holds in purely implicational fragment of INT. He also gave an example of a fragment of INT for which interpolation fails. This fragment is determined by the constant falsum (), well known connectives: implication () and conjunction (), and by a ternary connective defined as follows: (p, q, r)=
df
(pq)(pr).Extending this result of J. I. Zucker, G. R. Renardel de Lavalette proved in [5] that there are continuously many fragments of INT without the interpolation property.This paper is meant to continue the research mentioned above. To be more precise, its aim is to answer questions concerning interpolation and amalgamation properties in varieties of equivalential algebras, particularly in the variety determined by the purely equivalential fragment of INT. 相似文献
145.
7-9岁汉、藏、东乡、保安、裕固、哈萨克族儿童语义理解的比较研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本报告运用三种不同类型的汉语语句,测试六个民族儿童对汉语语义理解的结果表明:(1)在双语教育环境中,六个民族7—9岁儿童对三类句型的理解,由于动机因素的不同,影响第二语言的学习效果。(2)在口语与书面语的转换关系上,无本族文字的民族儿童,学习汉语教材是初次接触到书面语言。(3)文化发展的差异,不仅存在于不同地区的民族之间,而且也存在于不同地区的同一民族之内。(4)进一步分析少数民族儿童使用双语的具体特点,可作为解决双语教育的一个关键问题进行研究。 相似文献
146.
Fifteen years ago, Peter Singer published Animal Liberation: A New Ethics for Our Treatment of Animals. In it, he proposed to end "the tyranny of humans over nonhuman animals" by "thinking through, carefully, and consistently, the question of how we ought to treat animals" (p. ix). On this anniversary of the book's publication, a critical analysis shows that the logic he presents, though popularly appealing, is philosophically flawed. Though influential in slowing and in some cases stopping biomedical research involving animals, the animal rights movement in the United States has yet to offer a clear and compelling argument for the equality of species. 相似文献
147.
组织决策的影响力分布特征及中英比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本研究深入分析了组织内部各层次及外部机构对 1 8项决策的影响力。结果指出 :①我国企业存在着四种高层管理与中层管理的决策分工协作模型 ,即高层主导决策、中层自主决策、共同决策及层次决策模型 ,这说明我国企业中层管理的作用得到了加强 ,他们对决策的影响高于英国企业。②中国企业中 ,工人和基层管理的影响力普遍较小 ,尤其是在短期决策上 ,他们的影响力显著地小于英国企业。③中、英两国企业工会的影响力都很小 ,没有显著差别。但是从阻止力上分析 ,英国企业工会的作用显著地大于中国企业。这说明阻止力是一种独特的影响决策的方式 ,需要进一步的研究。 相似文献
148.
Jennifer S. Ma Philip J. Batterham Alison L. Calear Jin Han 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2019,49(1):137-154
It remains unclear whether the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS; Joiner, 2005 ) is generalizable to the population or holds more explanatory power for certain subgroups compared to others. The aim of this study was to (1) identify subgroups of individuals who endorsed suicide ideation in the past month based on a range of mental health and demographic variables, (2) compare levels of the IPTS constructs within these subgroups, and (3) test the IPTS predictions for suicide ideation and suicide attempt for each group. Latent class, negative binomial, linear, and logistic regression analyses were conducted on population‐based data obtained from 1,321 adults recruited from Facebook. Among participants reporting suicide ideation, four distinct patterns of risk factors emerged based on age and severity of mental health symptoms. Groups with highly elevated mental health symptoms reported the highest levels of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness. Tests of the IPTS interactions provided partial support for the theory, primarily in young adults with elevated mental health symptoms. Lack of support found for the IPTS predictions across the subgroups and full sample in this study raise some questions around the broad applicability of the theory. 相似文献
149.
Learning in natural environments is often characterized by a degree of inconsistency from an input. These inconsistencies occur, for example, when learning from more than one source, or when the presence of environmental noise distorts incoming information; as a result, the task faced by the learner becomes ambiguous. In this study, we investigate how learners handle such situations. We focus on the setting where a learner receives and processes a sequence of utterances to master associations between objects and their labels, where the source is inconsistent by design: It uses both “correct” and “incorrect” object‐label pairings. We hypothesize that depending on the order of presentation, the result of the learning may be different. To this end, we consider two types of symbolic learning procedures: the Object‐Label (OL) and the Label‐Object (LO) process. In the OL process, the learner is first exposed to the object, and then the label. In the LO process, this order is reversed. We perform experiments with human subjects, and also construct a computational model that is based on a nonlinear stochastic reinforcement learning algorithm. It is observed experimentally that OL learners are generally better at processing inconsistent input compared to LO learners. We show that the patterns observed in the learning experiments can be reproduced in the simulations if the model includes (a) an ability to regularize the input (and also to do the opposite, i.e., undermatch) and (b) an ability to take account of implicit negative evidence (i.e., interactions among different objects/labels). The model suggests that while both types of learners utilize implicit negative evidence in a similar way, there is a difference in regularization patterns: OL learners regularize the input, whereas LO learners undermatch. As a result, OL learners are able to form a more consistent system of image‐utterance associations, despite the ambiguous learning task. 相似文献
150.