Eggshell spots are an important cue for the egg retrieval behavior in two tit species

Animal Cognition - It is a common occurrence for incubating female ground- or cavity-nesting birds to accidentally roll their own eggs out of the nest cup. To correctly roll eggs that are not in...     

Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the social media burnout scale

Current Psychology - Social media usage is an essential part of modern life, and benefits individuals in many aspects, such as increasing well-being and psychological capital and decreasing...     

Effects of biological determinist and interactionist causal explanations on undergraduate students' stigma of children with attention deficits hyperactivity disorders: An experimental investigation

This experimental study examined the effects of biological explanations on individuals' stigma against children with ADHD. We randomly assigned 174 undergraduate students to read one of the three fictitious articles: the first article focused on the determining role of biology in affecting children's ADHD symptoms (biological determinist), the second article highlighted the interplay between biological and environmental factors (interactionist), and the third article was unrelated to ADHD (control). Analyses of variance showed that participants who read the biological determinist message, relative to the control group, were (a) less likely to blame the children for their problems, but (b) more likely to endorse fixed beliefs about the nature of ADHD (entity beliefs). Thus, the overall direct effect of biological determinist message on desire for social distance was not significant. By contrast, participants who read the interactionist message showed (a) less blame attribution and (b) lower levels of entity beliefs, which contributed to less desire for social distance. These findings suggest that (a) presenting biological information regarding ADHD in a deterministic way may not be an effective way to reduce stigma, whereas (b) providing an interactionist account of ADHD may undermine the potential negative effect of an exclusively biological explanation.     

The association between non-symbolic number comparison and mathematical abilities depends on fluency

Cognitive Processing - Numerous studies have explored the correlation between non-symbolic number comparison and mathematical abilities in children, but the results have been inconsistent. The...     

16PF问卷网络与纸笔施测方式的比较

为检验网络测试与纸笔测试方式是否具有同等的信效度,16PF问卷被用于对两个样本分别进行网络(n=213)和纸笔(n=2801)施测;并从网络测试样本中随机抽取47人,随后进行纸笔重测。在α系数、测题同质性和次级因素结构三项检验中,各个人格因素的表现各有优劣,未得出统一的结论,但可以确定网络测试的信效度较纸笔测试没有明显下降。配对t检验的结果显示,两种施测方式下同一批被试的结果在部分因素上有显著性差异,不能将纸笔测试获得的常模直接用于网络测试。     

新时代加强科学无神论宣传教育的思考与建议

加强科学无神论的宣传教育,事关马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位,事关党的宗教工作方针的贯彻落实。在中国特色社会主义进入新时代的今天,我们要在正确认识无神论宣传与宗教信仰自由的关系的前提下,坚持推进科学无神论宣传教育与研究,大力开展科学无神论的社会宣传工作,并严格恪守共产党员不能信教的政治纪律。     

Parent-report measure of Theory of Mind: Adaptation to Polish of the Children’s Social Understanding Scale

The main aim of the study was to investigate whether the Children’s Social Understanding Scale (CSUS), a parent report technique, is a valid and reliable measure of Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities in Polish-speaking children. Additionally, the role of language abilities in ToM development was explored. A group of 225 parents of approximately 3.5-year-old Polish children was tested using the Polish version of the CSUS. Their children were tested with a word comprehension test and five behavioural ToM tasks. Satisfactory psychometric properties of the Polish CSUS were observed and positive correlations between the CSUS and behavioural ToM tasks were found. A two-factor structure was found in the CSUS: Mental State Talk (MST) and Mental State Comprehension. The MST factor was significantly related to word comprehension. The utility of the Polish version of the CSUS for future cross-cultural research with this population is discussed.     

再谈定州清真寺元至正八年碑撰碑者杨受益是位穆斯林--与马娟女士商榷

马娟女士在《世界宗教研究》2005年第1期发表的《试析元代汉人对伊斯兰教的“解读”——以定州〈重建礼拜寺记〉碑为例》一文中,论证撰碑者杨受益是汉人而非穆斯林的四个论据,均值得商榷,难以支持其立论。我等仍以为杨受益是定州穆斯林。