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201.
Yanchun Xing Wenqing Ma Ningzhong Shi Yuan Wang 《The Japanese psychological research》2014,56(3):243-253
In this paper, we develop a latent processing ability model to analyze the speed of processing ability data. Our approach can not only effectively evaluate the effects of covariates on the latent processing ability, but also estimate the latent trait of each child by calculating its posterior mean. In addition, we derive the correlations structure of latent traits among different age groups. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of our proposed model. The results indicated that the estimation of model parameters is satisfactory overall. The method is evaluated using real data from children aged 4–7 years in Changchun, China. 相似文献
202.
203.
Joshua Correll Sean M. Hudson Steffanie Guillermo Debbie S. Ma 《Social and Personality Psychology Compass》2014,8(5):201-213
We review sociological, correlational, and experimental research that examines the effect of a target's race on the decision to shoot. Much of this work involves computer‐based simulations of a police encounter, in which a participant must decide whether or not to shoot a potentially hostile target who is either Black or White. Experimental work with undergraduate participants reveals a clear pattern of bias (a tendency to shoot Black targets but not Whites), which is associated with stereotypes linking Blacks with the concept of danger. Subsequent work with police officers presents a more complex pattern. Although police are affected by target race in some respects, they generally do not show a biased pattern of shooting. We suggest that police performance depends on the exercise of cognitive control, which allows officers to overcome the influence of stereotypes, and we conclude with potential implications of this research for law enforcement. 相似文献
204.
S.Y. Ma 《Philosophical Magazine Letters》2015,95(5):253-259
Using Cambridge sequential total energy package method based on the density functional theory, we investigated the site preference and alloying effect of Re atoms in the [1 0 0] (0 1 0) edge dislocation cores in Ni3Al. Due to the introduction of a Re atom, the energetic and electronic structure of dislocation core systems have been changed a lot. The binding energy results suggest Re atom prefers Al site, especially the centre site in the centre-Al system, which can be explained by the results of Mulliken orbital population and density of states. When Re atom occupies the centre site in the centre-Al system, the DC system has the highest stability and stronger bonds formed between the Re atom and its nearest neighbouring atom due to hybridization of the Re-5d and Ni-3d orbitals. 相似文献
205.
In this study, cold rolling was performed on a binary Al–20 wt%Zn alloy and dynamic precipitation identified for the first time in Al alloys under cold rolling. Zn clusters formed after application of 0.6 strain, and the Zn phase precipitated upon further increasing strain. Both grain refinement and rolling-induced defects are considered to promote Zn precipitation. The hardness of Al–Zn alloy initially increased with strain up to a strain of 2.9 and then decreased with increasing rolling strain. Dynamic precipitation greatly affects the strengthening mechanism of the rolled Al–Zn alloy under various strains. 相似文献
206.
207.
God initiated mission and intends to achieve it by work of the Holy Spirit. Thus, mission—which God commands his church to accomplish—belongs to God, not to human agency. Prior to ascending to heaven, Jesus promised the Holy Spirit to his disciples, and asked them to wait in Jerusalem. This Holy Spirit is given to enable them to be witnesses of Jesus from Jerusalem to the end of the world. This implies that the church has to partner with the Holy Spirit to fulfil this mission. Missionaries need to consciously work together with Spirit and be directed and guided by the Spirit. 相似文献
208.
José Antonio López-Pina José Antonio López-López Fulgencio Marín-Martínez Rosa Ma Núñez-Núñez Ana I. Rosa-Alcázar 《Journal of personality assessment》2015,97(1):42-54
The Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale for children and adolescents (CY–BOCS) is a frequently applied test to assess obsessive–compulsive symptoms. We conducted a reliability generalization meta-analysis on the CY–BOCS to estimate the average reliability, search for reliability moderators, and propose a predictive model that researchers and clinicians can use to estimate the expected reliability of the CY–BOCS scores. A total of 47 studies reporting a reliability coefficient with the data at hand were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed good reliability and a large variability associated to the standard deviation of total scores and sample size. 相似文献
209.
Małgorzata Kossowska Marcin Bukowski Ana Guinote Piotr Dragon Arie W. Kruglanski 《Motivation and emotion》2016,40(6):830-841
Some prior research indicated that self-image threat may lead people to stereotyping and prejudiced evaluations of others. Other studies found that self-image threat may promote less stereotypical thinking and unprejudiced behavior. In a series of three studies, we demonstrate that self-image threat may lead to either more or less stereotypical perception of the outgroup depending on the level of the individuals` motivation toward closure (NFC). The results reveal that when individuals high (vs. low) in NFC perceived a member of an outgroup, they are less likely to use stereotypical traits if their self-image had been threatened by negative feedback (Study 1) or if they had imagined an example of their own immoral activity (Studies 2 and 3). Moreover, our results demonstrate that the fear of invalidity resulting from self-image threat induction is responsible for the foregoing effects (Study 3). These results are discussed in light of theories of motivational readiness and lay epistemics. 相似文献
210.
We argue that all general concepts are family resemblance concepts. These include concepts introduced by ostension, such as colour(s). Concepts of colour and of each of the specific colours are family resemblance concepts because similarities concerning an open‐ended range of colour or of appearance features crop up and disappear. After discussing the notion of “same colour” and Wittgenstein's use of the phrase “our colours”, we suggest family resemblance concepts in one tradition can often be extended to family resemblance concepts in another tradition, illustrated by Wittgenstein's use of the words Spiel and “game”. 相似文献