Minimal conditions for the perception of rotary motion

Abstract.— The necessity of simultaneous length and direction changes for the perception of rotary motion in depth was studied using patterns of one to four segments of a horizontal line. The patterns changed in length only, according to one of four waveforms: A sinusoidal waveform, with both the left and right half of the pattern changing at the same rate (simulating a parallel projection of rotary motion); a sinusoidal waveform, with asymmetric left-right changes (simulating a polar projection of rotary motion); a linear waveform, the same for both the left and right halves (a simple expansion and contraction); and a linear waveform on which the asymmetries of a polar projection were superimposed. Most reports described rotary motion in depth. Both the linearity and the right-left symmetry of the waveforms affected the proportion of rotary motion responses, with the proportions greater for the sinusoidal waveforms and for the asymmetrical waveforms.     

SENIORITY: A REVIEW OF ITS LEGAL AND SCIENTIFIC STANDING

Though an important and widespread industrial relations concept, seniority has been a neglected subject of study by behavioral scientists. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the importance of the topic by reviewing seniority's legal status in the management of human resources. Further, while there is little research on seniority per se, conjecture and empirical study on the concept's salient behavioral dimensions, viz., tenure and reward, were reviewed. Suggestions were offered for the methodological and theoretical aspects of future research on seniority.     

DUAL ALLEGIANCE: RENEWAL, RECONSIDERATION, AND RECANTATION

For the past 40 years during which dual allegiance (DA) has been studied, precious little has been discovered that expands on the insights of early writers about the topic. This paper reviews the methodological and conceptual basis of DA, both of which are found wanting. Legal and ethical issues concerned with applications of DA research are not addressed appropriately by current investigators. Ideas for ameliorating some of these problems are recommended. A framework for additional research on DA is proposed that offers a plan for dealing with a number of fundamental questions about the scientific standing of the concept.     

Exploring the lay representation of forgiveness: Convergent and discriminant validity

Four studies employing a prototype approach tested the convergent and discriminant validity of a lay forgiveness representation. In Study 1, participants nominated a wide range of forgiveness features. In Study 2, participants rated the centrality of forgiveness features, which created a reliable graded structure from central to peripheral features. Study 3 tested the convergent validity of this lay forgiveness representation while controlling for several confounding variables. In Study 4, the discriminant validity of this lay forgiveness representation was tested through a categorization procedure. The findings replicate and extend prior research on forgiveness (Kearns & Fincham, 2004), and support the psychological reality of a lay forgiveness representation distinct from other victim responses.     

ON SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST AND OTHER CORPORATE MYTHS

Although the doctrine of “survival of the fittest” is central to the Modern paradigm, it is not, as most Modernists would claim, the unvarnished truth. Indeed if we begin to think of the marketplace as a model of dynamic complexity then the logic of cooperation is inescapable. The point is that if business leaders refuse to accept that cooperation is a defining principle, not merely an abstract altruistic ideal but an essential strategy for the sustainable, long-term success of the businesses they are building, then they will continue to undermine their own best interests in the name of competitive dominance.     

A multimethod investigation of depressive symptoms,perceived understanding,and relationship quality

This research examines whether people who are experiencing more depressive symptoms perceive their partners as less able to understand their thoughts and feelings. Results showed that depressive symptoms (Studies 1 and 3) and depressive mood (Study 2) were negatively associated with perceived understanding in general (Study 1), in daily life (Study 2), and during a conflict conversation (Study 3). Partners of people who were more depressed actually were less empathically accurate during the conflict conversation in Study 3, although they did not recognize that they were being less understanding. Moreover, perceived understanding helped explain the link between depressive symptoms and relationship quality in all three studies, and these effects held when controlling for self‐reported understanding and perceived partner hostility.