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The material yard is the origin of the production process for manufacturing firms. If materials are not stored at appropriate locations of the yard, then the stacking operation and the subsequent reclaiming operation will be inefficient in terms of time. In this paper a multicriteria approach which utilizes local trade-offs between different criteria in the absence of an explicit overall preference function is proposed to solve the material yard planning problem. The idea is to linearize the unknown preference function at a given point in the solution space. If the trade-offs between different criteria at this point can be determined via some mechanism, then a better solution can be derived. This process is continued until it converges to a stationary point, namely the optimal solution. To illustrate this idea, a case of the China Steel Co. in Taiwan is presented. The results from a simulation study indicate that the proposed approach is able to find a very good solution which satisfies all the criteria in a rather short transition period. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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HAROLD P. BENSON DONGYEUP LEE J. PETER McCLURE 《Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis》1997,6(5):283-295
Citrus is one of Florida's key agricultural crops, with annual production accounting for over 70% of all U.S. production. During the 1970s and 1980s, citrus blight, tristeza and freezes caused citrus rootstock selection to become a critical issue in Florida, and it remains so today. This paper describes a multiple-objective linear programming model that we have developed for solving the citrus roostock selection problem in Florida. The model has four objective functions. These functions, together with the constraints of the model, capture the main factors that Florida citrus growers use in choosing portfolios of rootstocks for planting in their groves. We tested the usefulness of this model by solving an experimental application for the Fort Pierce area with the interactive STEM algorithm. From our research we conclude that, when properly solved with the aid of STEM, the multiple-objective linear programming model has the potential to serve Florida citrus growers as a useful decision aid in formulating rootstock selection plans. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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NICK LEE 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》1996,6(4):307-308
Cherry, F. (1995). The ‘Stubborn Particulars’ of Social Psychology—Essays on the Research Process. Routledge, London. Pp. xi+132, £35.00 (hardback); £11.99 (paperback). ISBN 0-415-06667-0 (paperback), 0-415-0666-2 (hardback). 相似文献
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近年来,研究者们将“治疗联盟”(Therapeutic Alliance,TA)的概念与在线自助干预(Internet-based Self-help Interventions,ISIs)相结合,以解决ISIs中用户参与度较低的问题。这种在数字环境中形成的TA,被称之为“数字治疗联盟”(Digital Therapeutic Alliance, DTA)。随着人工智能的迅速发展,聊天机器人可模拟人类指导,相对于传统ISIs程序更易于与用户建立关系,可通过友好、尊重、倾听、鼓励、真诚、理解、信任这几个关系线索来促进DTA的发展,为解决用户低参与度的问题提供了一种新思路。未来的研究可从影响因素、ISIs技术迭代、测量规范、实验操纵等方面对DTA作进一步的探索。 相似文献
137.
采用移动窗口阅读技术探讨记叙文理解中因果关系对于空间信息加工的作用。实验1和2的自变量是故事中空间信息与故事结果的因果关系,采用相关样本t检验对不同条件下探测词的反应时进行统计分析,结果表明因果关系不仅会影响文本明确提及的空间信息的加工而且能够促进隐含的空间关系建构情境模型。实验3的自变量是故事中物体与位置词的空间关系,采用相关样本t检验对不同条件下位置探测词的反应时进行统计分析,结果进一步表明空间情境模型是读者为保持故事因果连贯回溯建构的而不是在阅读进程中的实时建构。实验4中空间关系的复杂程度增大,结果发现当故事中空间信息的文本距离较远时即使有保持因果连贯的需要,读者仍无法回溯建构空间模型。 相似文献
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主要考察中学生心理理解能力上的个体差异.采用集体施测纸笔作答调查问卷.通过他们在具有代表性的同伴交往事件问题上的回答,了解他们对自身和他人被同伴接纳或拒绝事件的归因和解释.内地的447名中学生和香港的600名中学生参加了调查.结果表明,内地青少年比香港青少年更可能用客观原因解释社会交往事件.在对社会交往事件主观原因解释上两地中学生存在发展上的差异.对两地青少年而言,对自身负性事件的再次交往意愿显著低于自身正性事件,而香港青少年在自身负性事件上更低.总体上内地青少年的再次交往意愿高于香港青少年.对于内地青少年而言,在他人正性和自身正性事件中对情绪的评定没有差异,而对他人负性事件和自身负性事件的情绪评定有显著差异;但对于香港青少年来说,无论是他人正性自身正性事件还是他人负性自身负性事件,情绪评定都有显著差异. 相似文献
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MICHAEL A. McDANIEL NATHAN S. HARTMAN DEBORAH L. WHETZEL W. LEE GRUBB III 《Personnel Psychology》2007,60(1):63-91
Situational judgment tests (SJTs) are personnel selection instruments that present job applicants with work-related situations and possible responses to the situations. There are typically 2 types of instructions: behavioral tendency and knowledge. Behavioral tendency instructions ask respondents to identify how they would likely behave in a given situation. Knowledge instructions ask respondents to evaluate the effectiveness of possible responses to a given situation. Results showed that response instructions influenced the constructs measured by the tests. Tests with knowledge instructions had higher correlations with cognitive ability. Tests with behavioral tendency instructions showed higher correlations with personality constructs. Results also showed that response instructions had little moderating effect on criterion-related validity. Supplemental analyses showed that the moderating effect of response instructions on construct validity was not due to systematic differences in item content. SJTs have incremental validity over cognitive ability, the Big 5, and over a composite of cognitive ability and the Big 5. 相似文献