ENCODING SENSITIVITIES TO PHONOLOGICAL MARKEDNESS AND TRANSITIONAL PROBABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM SPOONERISMS

This study examined laboratory-induced spoonerisms; the type of speech error in which a phoneme unit from one word switches position with a phoneme unit from another word. Three experiments test hypotheses which assume that spoonerism errors are facilitated by the presence of certain inherent differences between the switched phonological units. Experiment I tests for facilitation based upon differences in the phonological markedness of the switched units. Experiment II and Experiment III test for facilitation based upon differences in the second-order transitional probabilities and third order transitional probabilities (respectively) of the switched units. Evidence of transitional probability effects was found, with implications for the phonological encoding processing of both naturally occurring spoonerisms and normal speech.     

A Longitudinal Study of Peer Communication During Job Transfers The Impact of Frequency,Quality, and Network Multiplexity on Adjustment

This longitudinal research examines the impact of peer communication on transferees moving from one location to another within organizations. Based on uncertainty reduction theory, it examines the impact of the frequency of peer communication, the quality of peer communication, and network multiplexity on transferees’adjustment to their new positions. Results suggest that the quality of peer communication is associated with positive adjustment after 1 month and at 3 months; frequency of peer communication is associated with positive adjustment at 3 months and at 1 year; and the network multiplexity has relatively limited impact. These results suggest the importance of examining the impact of peer communication for reducing uncertainty for employees involved in job transitions instead of focusing exclusively on superior-subordinate communication.     

Preventive Programs in Action

This article provides an overview of primary prevention in the community by offering illustrations of model programs from across the county     

THE STRUCTURE OF JUSTIFICATION IN POLITICAL CONSTRUCTIVISM

Abstract: In this article the author develops the view, held by some, that political constructivism is best interpreted as a pragmatic enterprise aiming to solve political problems. He argues that this interpretation's structure of justification is best conceived in terms of two separate investigations—one develops a normative solution to a particular political problem by working up into a coherent whole certain moral conceptions of persons and society; and the other is an empirically based analysis of the political problem. The author argues that the empirically based analysis can generate criteria for assessing whether the normative theory successfully works out a solution, thereby developing a functionalist structure of justification. He further argues that this interpretation overcomes a longstanding criticism of constructivism, namely, that the use of substantive moral concepts in the hypothetical choice procedure biases the defense of principles in a particular direction and therefore begs important philosophical questions.