Group Members’ Decision Rule Orientations and Consensus

Recent speculation and research concerning the achievement of unanimous agreement in small groups underscores the importance of consensus, implicit or explicit, regarding the criteria for selecting an option from the pool of alternative decisions. Moreover, an emerging stream of research indicates that individuals vary in their tendency to make choices that are indicative of specific decision rule orientations. Although many individuals do not demonstrate consistent orientations, many others display tendencies to select options congruent with assumptions underlying maximax, maximin, and maximum expected utility decision rules. In the present study, participants were assigned to groups composed of members who were either identical (matched) or different (mixed) with respect to decision rule orientation. The results indicated that, for interacting groups, consensus was more likely in matched than in mixed groups. However, the hypothesis did not hold for noninteracting groups. Implications for group consensus and the decision rule orientation construct arc discussed.     

SEX DIFFERENCES IN STORY RECEIPT AND STORY SEQUENCING BEHAVIORS IN DYADIC CONVERSATIONS

Recordings of 30-minute dyadic conversations between strangers were coded for the frequency of occurrence of 11 story receipt and eight story sequencing variables, for the duration of all storytellings, and for the frequency of occurrence of story sequences. Analysis of the data indicated that (1) females spent significantly more time than males as the recipients of storytelling; (2) males and females differed significantly on a linear combination of five story receipt variables (displays interest tokens, appreciates, adds or predicts details, withholds sequential talk, and withholds all talk at story's end); (3) there were no significant differences between males and females in the number of sequential stories told; (4) females and males differed significantly on a linear combination of two story sequencing devices, embedded repeat and marked repeat.