综合医院非专科心理障碍诊治的现状、困难及对策

毋庸置疑,随着社会的迅速变迁,心理障碍正成为影响人类健康的主要疾病之一,综合医院也逐渐成为心理障碍诊治的主要战场,但与之相应的是我们还没有充分准备好应对之策,综合医院尤其是心理非专科医生,作为面对这新一轮疾病浪潮的主体更是无所适从,其结果在临床上造成心理障碍的漏诊误治屡见不鲜,这也是一个全球性的问题,对此虽然也有不断的呼吁要重视和加强相关措施的改进,但经过数年努力,问题并没有得到根本改善,所以,需要从观念上的突破和方法的创新才能扭转这一状态.笔者结合自己长期的研究结果及临床经验,将就此对综合医院特别是心理非专科面临心理障碍的现状、遇到的困难以及如何有效应对的策略进行阐述,提出了一些较新的观点和方法,希望有所启示.     

Development and Validation of the Sexist Attitudes Toward Women Stale (SATWS)

Although sexism is now defined as a major social problem, there have been very few empirical studies investigating its correlates and determinants. One primary reason for this is that there are no published sexism scales, and hence it is difficult to assess individual differences in sexism. This article describes the development and validation of a 40-item Sexist Attitudes Toward Women Scale (SATWS). On rational-intuitive grounds, it is hypothesized that sexism toward women has seven components and, accordingly, items were written to reflect these. It is suggested that scales measuring only one of these components (e.g., sex-role stereotype scales and women's liberation movement scales) lack content validity as measures of sexism. On empirical grounds it is argued that the SATW scale also has stronger construct validity as a measure of sexism toward women than other such scales. The SATW scale has high internal consistency reliability for both college students and nonstudent adults and the SATW scale scores are independent of social desirability scores. Relationships to age, sex, and education are presented.     

知识密集型组织的雇佣关系民主治理和员工创造力研究

本文探讨了雇佣关系民主治理对员工创造力影响的中介机制和边界条件,并利用跨层次的调查数据进行实证研究。研究结果发现:(1)雇佣关系民主治理显著正向影响员工创造力;(2)内在动机在雇佣关系民主治理与员工创造力间起部分中介作用;(3)组织知识密集度对雇佣关系民主治理与员工内在动机的正向关系间有着显著强化作用;(4)雇佣关系民主治理和组织知识密集度的交互作用通过内在动机的中介作用,进而影响员工创造力。