排序方式: 共有131条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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美德伦理学与情境主义:论品格特征的实在性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
情境主义依据社会心理学的实验研究结果主张,个体的行为取决于具体的情境,而不是作为品格特征的美德,根本不存在美德伦理学所说的品格特征。美德伦理学家一方面对情境主义所依托的实验证据进行了质疑,另一方面指出了情境主义对美德概念的误解,从而消解了情境主义的批评。但情境主义一方面可以提醒美德伦理学要注意情境的重要性,另一方面它的研究方法也值得美德伦理学借鉴。 相似文献
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“民族认同,国家认同”与青少年自尊的关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
自尊被普遍认为是青少年的发展中的一个重要因素,已有研究发现它与心理幸福感呈显著的正相关,并与沮丧和绝望呈显著的负相关。就是由于自尊的心理上的重要性,所以有大量的研究来探讨它的影响因素。大多数对自尊的研究主要关注的是个体的能力和人际问的经历来作为自尊主要成分。尽管自尊的个人资源明显是很重要的,但是这样的关注忽略了自尊的群体成员方面的影响。本文就是探讨群体认同,尤其是考察民族认同和更广层面的国家认同.对少数民族青少年自尊的预测。 相似文献
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Fu G Brunet MK Lv Y Ding X Heyman GD Cameron CA Lee K 《Infant and child development》2010,19(5):498-515
The present study examined Chinese children's moral evaluations of truths and lies about one's own pro-social acts. Children ages 7, 9, and 11 were read vignettes in which a protagonist performs a good deed and is asked about it by a teacher, either in front of the class or in private. In response, the protagonist either tells a modest lie, which is highly valued by the Chinese culture, or tells an immodest truth, which violates the Chinese cultural norms about modesty. Children were asked to identify whether the protagonist's statement was the truth or a lie, and to evaluate how 'good' or 'bad' the statement was. Chinese children rated modest lies more positively than immodest truths, with this effect becoming more pronounced with age. Rural Chinese children and those with at least one nonprofessional parent rated immodest truths less positively when they were told in public rather than in private. Furthermore, Chinese children of parents with high collectivism scores valued modest lies more than did children of parents with low collectivism scores. These findings suggest that both macro- and micro-cultural factors contribute significantly to children's moral understanding of truth and lie telling. 相似文献
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通过对经典四卡问题呈现方式的改进,逐一呈现与命题对应的检验证据,要求被试判断每一证据在命题检验中的作用。结果表明:(1)"证真偏向"依然存在,但从正确率来看,顺证真与顺证伪没有显著差异;(2)发现了显著的顺序效应,与逆向检验相比,顺向检验有更高的正确率与更短的反应时;(3)被试加工与命题"无关联"刺激时存在明显困难,其正确率显著较低。这些结果说明个体在判断不同证据对命题检验的作用时会受到命题内在方向性的影响,个体可能会采用一些固有推理图式以及简单的匹配策略解决问题。 相似文献
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