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51.
儿童青少年的创造性人格发展特点的研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本研究以《威廉姆斯创造性个性倾向测验》为测验工具、以3729名(9~19岁)学生为研究对象,考察了儿童青少年的创造性人格发展的特点及影响因素。研究发现:儿童青少年创造性人格的发展存在阶段性;单亲家庭与双亲家庭的学生在创造性人格水平上没有差异;女生在创造性人格的总水平以及冒险性、想象力维度的得分显著高于男生;不同类型学校学生的创造性人格水平在各个学段都存在差异,并存在不同的发展趋势,其中重点学校学生创造性人格的变化方向是向下的,其显著的下降发生在初高中之间。 相似文献
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斯腾伯格思维风格理论述评 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
通过对传统学校教育弊端的分析,引入了斯腾伯格的“思维风格”理论,即三个层面上13种不同风格的心理自我管理理论,同时阐述了该理论与智力的关系,以及对学校教学改革的影响。我们通过保存多种风格形式,提升学校教学和评估环爷,将多种教育方式匹配于不同的风格类型,并积极教授之来实现对传统教学体制的改革。 相似文献
55.
L Luo 《Evolutionary psychology》2011,9(2):285-295
Many studies support the proposition that early cosocialization with opposite-sex children has the effect of inhibiting later mutual sexual attraction, but the existence of a period in the life cycle in which individuals are sensitive to the effect of early cosocialization has been a matter of controversy. Drawing on earlier traditional psychological research, and on more recent work guided by parental investment theory, we hypothesized that only for maternal perinatal association (MPA)-absent males a less-than- around-three-years age difference with the sister can predict stronger aversion to sibling incest. The results corroborated the hypothesis. The results can be interpreted as support for the existence of a sensitive period as well as for the potent role of MPA. Cross-cultural comparative studies were called on to further test the hypothesis. 相似文献
56.
Following a landmark component analysis of cognitive therapy by Jacobson and colleagues (1996), there has been renewed interest in behavioral activation (BA) treatments for depression. The Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale (BADS) was developed to measure when and how clients become activated over the course of BA treatment. Multiple studies have provided initial support for the BADS but have also identified several potential problems. Four studies were conducted in order to develop and provide initial evaluation of a short form of the BADS that addresses these concerns. In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted on existing data using the original BADS in order to identify items to retain for the short form. In Study 2, these items were administered to a new sample of college students with elevated depressive symptoms and were analyzed with exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Study 3 examined the predictive validity of the BADS-SF by examining the BADS-SF and depression scores in relation to activity tracking and reward-value ratings over the course of 1 week. Study 4 examined BADS-SF data over the course of BA treatment for two clients using cross-lagged panel correlations. With one client, changes in BADS-SF scores led changes in depression scores by 1 week, whereas with the other client changes in BADS-SF and depression scores occurred concurrently. These studies resulted in a nine-item scale that demonstrated good item characteristics as well as acceptable internal consistency reliability, construct validity, and predictive validity. 相似文献
57.
The present study investigated whether offset cues have the same attentional consequences in the spatial Stroop effect as
onset cues. Experiments 1 and 2 compared the attentional effects of onset–offset cues versus offset cues on the spatial Stroop
effect, whereas Experiment 3 compared the attentional effects of onset versus offset cues. Across these experiments, independent
of cue type (onset–offset or onset vs. offset) and even at long stimulus-onset asynchrony, attentional cueing did not revert
into inhibition of return and was modulated by spatial Stroop with greater cueing effects for incongruent arrow’s direction
and position. In addition, onset–offset or onset and offset cues produced comparable cueing effects in the location-direction
congruent condition, and onset–offset or onset cues produced greater facilitation than offset cues in the incongruent condition.
From a different perspective, peripheral cueing modulated the spatial Stroop effect in the same direction for onset–offset
or onset and offset cues, although the reduction in spatial Stroop at cued locations was smaller with offset than with onset–offset
or onset cues. 相似文献
58.
Recent investigations of early psychological understanding have revealed three key findings. First, young infants attribute goals and dispositions to any entity they perceive as an agent, whether human or non-human. Second, when interpreting an agent's actions in a scene, young infants take into account the agent's representation of the scene, even if this representation is less complete than their own. Third, at least by the second year of life, infants recognize that agents can hold false beliefs about a scene. Together, these findings support a system-based, mentalistic account of early psychological reasoning. 相似文献
59.
通过向被试呈现代表积极情景线索的材料(一段含有互助、和谐信息的公益短片),运用内隐联想测验(IAT)范式,从内隐社会认知的角度来研究积极情境线索对个体内隐攻击性的影响,并分析这种影响是否具有性别差异。结果表明:未观看积极情景线索材料的被试表现出显著的内隐攻击性,而观看积极情景线索材料的被试的内隐攻击性不显著;积极情景线索的主效应显著,且这一效应不存在性别差异。这说明,积极情景线索能有效抑制个体的内隐攻击性,并支持自我攻击信念IAT是测量个体内隐攻击性的有效工具。 相似文献
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