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151.
Sexuality education is heavily gendered at adolescence. This study uses data from a national web survey of 631 U.S. mothers of 3 to 6 year old children to test whether similar gender differences exist in what mothers teach their young children about sexuality and reproduction. We test (a) whether mothers will report talking more with daughters or sons about sexuality related issues, and (b) whether mothers will report greater comfort talking about such issues with daughters or sons. We find (a) that mothers talk more to daughters than sons about romantic relationships, reproductive bodies, and morality, but not about sexual abuse or intercourse/pleasure. We find (b) mixed results regarding mothers’ comfort in talking with daughters or sons about sexuality. 相似文献
152.
This article clarifies two sources of ambiguity surrounding the relation between extraversion and positive affect. First, positive affect is defined differently across major models of the structure of affect. Second, no previous research has examined potentially diverging associations of lower‐order aspects of extraversion (i.e., assertiveness and enthusiasm) with positive affect. Australian (Study 1: N = 437, 78% female, Mage = 20.41) and American (Study 2: N = 262, 39% female, Mage = 33.86) participants completed multiple measures of extraversion and positive affect. Correlations were employed to examine relations among these measures. In both studies, extraversion was most clearly associated with positive affect as conceptualized within a major factor model of affect—specifically, as positive activation (Watson & Tellegen, 1985)—rather than the valence‐based conceptualization of positive affect provided by a circumplex model of affect (Russell, 1980). This was also the case for the assertiveness and enthusiasm aspects of extraversion. Our findings clarify the nature of the positive affective component of extraversion, which is best described in terms of both positive valence and high activation. 相似文献
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Luke Timothy Johnson 《Modern Theology》1998,14(2):165-180
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Two studies examine the consequences of distinguishing between self-report responses on the Eysenck Personality Profiler (Eysenck
et al. The European Journal of Psychological Assessment 8: 109–117, 1992) in terms of Cloninger’s concepts of Temperament and Character (Cloninger et al. Archives of General Psychiatry 50: 975–990,
1993). Character is thought to reflect conscious, maturation-related influences on personality, while Temperament is thought to
reflect instinctive, biologically-based influences. In Study one, one-hundred and thirty-three participants (76.6% female)
classify primary scales of the Eysenck Personality Profiler as relating to Character or Temperament. Impulsiveness, Anxiety
and Aggression are perceived as the most Temperament-based scales, while Responsibility, Manipulativeness and Assertiveness
are perceived as the most Character-based scales. In Study two, one-hundred and seventy-seven participants (74.4% female)
complete the Eysenck Personality Profiler using the standard response scale, while one-hundred and thirty-eight participants
(62.3% female) complete the Eysenck Personality Profiler using a scale which distinguishes between Character and Temperament.
Results demonstrate differences in the factor structure and concurrent validity of the Eysenck Personality Profiler when scoring
distinguishes between Temperament and Character. We conclude that the concepts of Temperament and Character might usefully
be applied to Eysenck’s personality taxonomy.
相似文献
Chris J. JacksonEmail: |
159.
Gillian B. Yeo Tamma Sorbello Annette Koy Luke D. Smillie 《Motivation and emotion》2008,32(4):296-309
Goal orientation theories were used to generate predictions regarding the moderating effect of goal orientation profiles on
task performance growth trajectories. Participants were given multiple trials of practice on an air traffic control task.
Analyses were conducted using growth curve modeling. As expected, individuals with high performance-approach orientation improved
their task performance scores faster than their counterparts. The interaction between mastery and performance-avoid orientations
moderated the performance growth curve such that individuals with high mastery and low performance-avoid orientation improved
their performance at the fastest rate. The interaction between performance-approach and performance-avoid orientations also
moderated the performance growth curve. Individuals with low performance-approach and high performance-avoid orientation improved
their performance at the slowest rate. These findings contribute to theory and practice by elucidating how various combinations
of goal orientations influence the rate of skill acquisition.
相似文献
Gillian B. YeoEmail: |
160.
Motor maps, seizures, and behaviour 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
G Campbell Teskey Marie H Monfils Corey Flynn Nicole A Young Francine van Rooyen Luke C Henry Lana J Ozen Amy K Henderson Aylin Y Reid Andrew R Brown 《Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale》2008,62(2):132-139
Atypically organised motor maps have been described in some people with epilepsy and we have modelled this in rats. Our goal is to more fully understand the mechanisms responsible for seizure-induced functional brain reorganisation and to reverse their effects. Here we present an overview of the relationship between neocortical motor maps, seizures, and interictal behaviour. To begin we summarise the observations of atypical motor maps with epilepsy and in animal models following experimentally induced seizures. Our novel experiments have established that motor map expansion is linked to a functional alteration of motor behaviour. Evidence for some of the putative brain mechanisms responsible for motor map size is discussed. Our successes reversing seizure-induced map expansion by two different methods are also briefly reviewed. Lastly, unanswered questions for possible future experimentation are posed. 相似文献