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51.
Abstract A priming paradigm was used to investigate the contribution of local features and global shape information in object recognition. Five types of incomplete forms were used as primes: (1) forms with both maxima (local curvature) and midsegments of edges present and aligned on the outline contour; (2) forms similar in global shape to the first version of stimuli, but with misaligned elements; (3) forms with only maxima; (4) forms with only midsegments of edges; and (5) forms containing 3D comer junctions (in Experiments 3 and 4). The target was an outline drawing of an object from which the incomplete prime was derived. Subjects were asked to name the target as rapidly as possible. Primes were presented at levels of contrast corresponding to identification thresholds, as well as above and below threshold levels (determined in Experiments 1 and 3). Facilitation effects relative to a neutral (no prime) condition occurred at threshold and above threshold for primes with aligned elements, forms with only maxima, and forms with only midsegments. Priming occurred only above threshold for forms with non-aligned elements. In Experiment 4 the presence of 3D local features increased the magnitude of priming relative to forms with midsegments and to forms with flat corners (in Experiment 2). This result suggests that 3D features facilitate object identification either because objects are stored in the form of volumetric entities or because 3D features are extracted early in visual processing. 相似文献
52.
Jardat Plotine Ringhofer Monamie Yamamoto Shinya Gouyet Chloé Degrande Rachel Parias Céline Reigner Fabrice Calandreau Ludovic Lansade Léa 《Animal cognition》2023,26(2):369-377
Animal Cognition - Recently, research on domestic mammals’ sociocognitive skills toward humans has been prolific, allowing us to better understand the human–animal relationship. For... 相似文献
53.
A lexical decision experiment tested the effects of briefly presented masked primes that were homophones or pseudohomophones of target words. Different types of nonword foil (pseudohomophones, orthographically regular nonwords, orthographically irregular nonwords) were mixed with the word targets. Pseudohomophone priming effects were independent of nonword foil variations, whereas homophone priming effects varied from being facilitatory in the presence of orthographically regular nonwords, inhibitory in the presence of pseudohomophones, and null in the presence of irregular nonwords. This dissociation in the way nonword foil variations influence masked pseudohomophone and homophone priming effects in the lexical decision task is discussed within the framework of a bimodal extension of the multiple readout model of visual word recognition (Grainger & Jacobs, 1996). 相似文献
54.
The association of colour with emotion constitutes a growing field of research, as it can affect how humans process their environment. Although there has been increasing interest in the association of red with negative valence in adults, little is known about how it develops. We therefore tested the red–negative association in children for the first time. Children aged 5–10 years performed a face categorization task in the form of a card‐sorting task. They had to judge whether ambiguous faces shown against three different colour backgrounds (red, grey, green) seemed to ‘feel good’ or ‘feel bad’. Results of logistic mixed models showed that – as previously demonstrated in adults – children across the age range provided significantly more ‘feel bad’ responses when the faces were given a red background. This finding is discussed in relation to colour–emotion association theories. 相似文献
55.
Ferreira Vitor Hugo Bessa Barbarat Maxence Lormant Flore Germain Karine Brachet Mathilde Løvlie Hanne Calandreau Ludovic Guesdon Vanessa 《Animal cognition》2020,23(4):769-780
Animal Cognition - Animals can navigate an environment relying on different sources of information, such as geometrical or featural cues. The favoring of one type of information over another... 相似文献
56.
Gaston Saux Anne Britt Ludovic Le Bigot Nicolas Vibert Debora Burin Jean-François Rouet 《Memory & cognition》2017,45(1):151-167
According to the documents model framework (Britt, Perfetti, Sandak, & Rouet, 1999), readers’ detection of contradictions within texts increases their integration of source–content links (i.e., who says what). This study examines whether conflict may also strengthen the relationship between the respective sources. In two experiments, participants read brief news reports containing two critical statements attributed to different sources. In half of the reports, the statements were consistent with each other, whereas in the other half they were discrepant. Participants were tested for source memory and source integration in an immediate item-recognition task (Experiment 1) and a cued recall task (Experiments 1 and 2). In both experiments, discrepancies increased readers’ memory for sources. We found that discrepant sources enhanced retrieval of the other source compared to consistent sources (using a delayed recall measure; Experiments 1 and 2). However, discrepant sources failed to prime the other source as evidenced in an online recognition measure (Experiment 1). We argue that discrepancies promoted the construction of links between sources, but that integration did not take place during reading. 相似文献
57.
Feedback consistency effects in visual and auditory word recognition: where do we stand after more than a decade? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ziegler JC Petrova A Ferrand L 《Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition》2008,34(3):643-661
The role of phonology-to-spelling consistency (i.e., feedback consistency) was investigated in 3 lexical decision experiments in both the visual and auditory modalities in French and English. No evidence for a feedback consistency effect was found in the visual modality, either in English or in French, despite the fact that consistency was manipulated for different kinds of units (onsets and rimes). In contrast, robust feedback consistency effects were obtained in the auditory lexical decision task in both English and French when exactly the same items that produced a null effect in the visual modality were used. Neural network simulations are presented to show that previous demonstrations of feedback consistency effects in the visual modality can be simulated with a model that is not sensitive to feedback consistency, suggesting that these effects might have come from various confounds. These simulations, together with the authors' results, suggest that there are no feedback consistency effects in the visual modality. In contrast, such effects are clearly present in the auditory modality. Given that orthographic information is absent from current models of spoken word recognition, the present findings present a major challenge to these models. 相似文献
58.
Trösch Miléna Pellon Sophie Cuzol Florent Parias Céline Nowak Raymond Calandreau Ludovic Lansade Léa 《Animal cognition》2020,23(4):643-653
Animal Cognition - Animals can indirectly gather meaningful information about other individuals by eavesdropping on their third-party interactions. In particular, eavesdropping can be used to... 相似文献
59.
Trösch Miléna Bertin Emma Calandreau Ludovic Nowak Raymond Lansade Léa 《Animal cognition》2020,23(5):1035-1040
Animal Cognition - Social animals can gain important benefits by inferring the goals behind the behavior of others. However, this ability has only been investigated in a handful of species outside... 相似文献
60.
Young and older adults completed a parity judgment task (i.e., judging whether a target digit was odd or even) in which target
numbers were preceded by masked prime numbers presented for 43 msec. Targets were either congruent (i.e., they had the same
parity status as their primes) or incongruent (i.e., odd primes were paired with even targets, and even primes were paired
with odd targets). Response times, percent errors, and event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded for all items to compare
automatic stimulus—response association (ASRA) and congruence effects (i.e., better performance on congruent than on incongruent
trials) across age groups. Two important original sets of findings were obtained in this sample of participants. First, both
age groups showed ASRA effects in behavioral measures. Second, age-related differences were observed in amplitude, timing,
and scalp distributions for each congruent and incongruent ERP. These findings have implications for furthering the understanding
of ASRA effects and of general characteristics of cognitive processes affected (or not affected) by aging. 相似文献