Predicting Individuals’ Interest After a Performance Result: The Roles of Motivational Orientations at High and Low Performance1

This field study incorporated a trichotomous typology of motivations to explore interactions of a performance result with several motivational orientations in predicting subsequent interest in a learning endeavor. Although relevant literature suggests that low performance would be associated with lower interest, we hypothesized that motivation to approach mastery (i.e., learning and achievement orientations) would counteract this negative relationship. We also hypothesized that motivation to avoid poor performance (i.e., avoid–performance orientation) would exacerbate the link between low performance and lower interest. In light of theoretical issues concerning motivation to show competence (i.e., approach–performance orientation), we did not offer a hypothesis concerning this third type of motivation. Results supported only the hypothesized interactions. Implications of the findings are discussed.     

Prevalence and reporting of near-point binocular convergence and acuity vision deficits in potential research participants

Visual abilities at near-point distances of 200 self-reported normal vision college students were assessed. Results show that normal visual functioning with no deficits is the exception. The most common visual deficits observed involved binocular lateral posture and fusion convergence deficits. Binocular and monocular acuity deficits also had high prevalence rates, although not as prevalent as the binocular convergence deficits. In addition, 1,340 articles published in four major journals from the years 1997-2004 were examined to ascertain the extent to which authors report the visual capabilities of their participants. Reporting of research participant visual abilities by authors using visual stimuli in experiments appears to be lacking. The results are discussed in terms of the potential impact that visual deficits may have on results obtained in experiments in which visual stimuli are used and the importance of reporting the visual assessment tests and procedures used to assess the visual abilities of potential participants.     

Moral Injury,Chaplaincy and Mental Health Provider Approaches to Treatment: A Scoping Review

Journal of Religion and Health - The aim of this research was to describe the evidence examining the approaches taken by mental health providers (MHPs) and chaplains to address symptoms related to...