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81.
Piero De Giacomo Luciano L’Abate Francesco Margari Wanda Santamato Andrea De Giacomo Rita Masellis Vito D’Agostino 《Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy》2009,39(3):165-169
This article presents a program based on the Elementary Pragmatic Model and on the administration of a test consisting of
90 sentences with a strong psychological impact interactively presented to participants. Data emerging from this procedure
are calculated according to four coordinates and 16 relational functions processed on a grid defined by a table of 256 possible
interactions. From these interactions three final states were found to constitute essentially the bottom line of the human
mind. The program indicates how certain sentences could be selected systematically to lead initially deviant participants
toward more statistically average patterns, in terms of coordinates, functions, interactions, and final states. 相似文献
82.
Luciano Floridi 《Synthese》2009,168(1):151-178
The paper argues that digital ontology (the ultimate nature of reality is digital, and the universe is a computational system equivalent to a Turing Machine) should
be carefully distinguished from informational ontology (the ultimate nature of reality is structural), in order to abandon the former and retain only the latter as a promising
line of research. Digital vs. analogue is a Boolean dichotomy typical of our computational paradigm, but digital and analogue
are only “modes of presentation” of Being (to paraphrase Kant), that is, ways in which reality is experienced or conceptualised
by an epistemic agent at a given level of abstraction. A preferable alternative is provided by an informational approach to
structural realism, according to which knowledge of the world is knowledge of its structures. The most reasonable ontological
commitment turns out to be in favour of an interpretation of reality as the totality of structures dynamically interacting
with each other. The paper is the first part (the pars destruens) of a two-part piece of research. The pars construens, entitled “A Defence of Informational Structural Realism”, is developed in a separate article, also published in this journal. 相似文献
83.
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85.
Burr Christopher Taddeo Mariarosaria Floridi Luciano 《Science and engineering ethics》2020,26(4):2313-2343
Science and Engineering Ethics - This article presents the first thematic review of the literature on the ethical issues concerning digital well-being. The term ‘digital well-being’ is... 相似文献
86.
The article investigates the sceptical challenge from an information-theoretic perspective. Its main goal is to articulate and defend the view that either informational scepticism is radical, but then it is epistemologically innocuous because redundant; or it is moderate, but then epistemologically beneficial because useful. In order to pursue this cooptation strategy, the article is divided into seven sections. Section 1 sets up the problem. Section 2 introduces Borel numbers as a convenient way to refer uniformly to (the data that individuate) different possible worlds. Section 3 adopts the Hamming distance between Borel numbers as a metric to calculate the distance between possible worlds. In Sects. 4 and 5, radical and moderate informational scepticism are analysed using Borel numbers and Hamming distances, and shown to be either harmless (extreme form) or actually fruitful (moderate form). Section 6 further clarifies the approach by replying to some potential objections. In the conclusion, the Peircean nature of the overall approach is briefly discussed. 相似文献
87.
Luciano Giromini Donald J. Viglione Emanuela Brusadelli Margherita Lang Jennifer B. Reese Alessandro Zennaro 《Journal of personality assessment》2015,97(4):348-353
The Developmental Index (DI) has recently been introduced as a composite Rorschach measure of psychological development and maturation, which can be used both with the Comprehensive System (Exner, 2003), and with the recently developed Rorschach Performance Assessment System (Meyer, Viglione, Mihura, Erard, & Erdberg, 2011). As the DI is new, and its validity has not yet been investigated with independent non-U.S. samples, we tested the correlation between DI and age using 3 relatively large samples, 2 of which were from outside the United States (total N = 902). Other Rorschach variables presumably associated with maturation, such as complexity and productivity, were also investigated. As expected, the DI significantly correlated with age, with small variations across the 3 samples. Importantly, the correlation between DI and age remained statistically significant also after controlling for productivity (i.e., the number of responses) and complexity. 相似文献
88.
Luciano Floridi 《Synthese》2012,184(3):431-454
The article addresses the problem of how semantic information can be upgraded to knowledge. The introductory section explains
the technical terminology and the relevant background. Section 2 argues that, for semantic information to be upgraded to knowledge,
it is necessary and sufficient to be embedded in a network of questions and answers that correctly accounts for it. Section
3 shows that an information flow network of type A fulfils such a requirement, by warranting that the erotetic deficit, characterising the target semantic information t by default, is correctly satisfied by the information flow of correct answers provided by an informational source s. Section 4 illustrates some of the major advantages of such a Network Theory of Account (NTA) and clears the ground of a
few potential difficulties. Section 5 clarifies why NTA and an informational analysis of knowledge, according to which knowledge
is accounted semantic information, is not subject to Gettier-type counterexamples. A concluding section briefly summarises
the results obtained. 相似文献
89.
In this study, the authors tested alternative factor models of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) in a sample of Spanish postpartum women, using confirmatory factor analysis. The authors report the results of modeling three different methods for scoring the GHQ-12 using estimation methods recommended for categorical and binary data. A discriminant function analysis was also performed to test the utility of a multiple factor model. A two-phase cross-sectional study was designed: (a) 1,453 women visiting at 6 weeks postpartum completed the GHQ-12 and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale questionnaire and (b) based on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale outcomes, participants were stratified and randomly selected within each stratum for clinical evaluation. Using the Likert-type scoring approach, Hankins's one-factor model with "method effects" obtained the best fit. In addition, Graetz's three-factor model provided little discrimination between diagnostic groups, the factors being highly correlated. These results support the presence of only one latent factor in the GHQ-12. 相似文献
90.
For many years, the effects of variability in the length of Rorschach records has been debated, and a new administration procedure aimed at reducing the proportion of short and long records has recently been introduced. Using an outpatient sample of children and adolescents, this study explored the impact of an early version of the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R–PAS) administration, on the central tendencies of Rorschach variables. Specifically, the mean values of 51 variables in 142 Comprehensive System versus 99 R–PAS collected records were compared with each other. Results found comparable mean values across CS and R–PAS administration methods for the variables that guide interpretation with children and adolescents. Both methods produced a comparable number of long (> 27 responses) records. The only relevant difference that emerged is that the early R–PAS administration version yielded significantly fewer short (14–16 responses) records and lower variability in the number of responses. 相似文献