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191.
Luc Goossens Mathias Lasgaard Koen Luyckx Janne Vanhalst Stphanie Mathias Eulalie Masy 《Personality and individual differences》2009,47(8):890-894
The present study tested a four-factor model of adolescent loneliness and solitude that comprises peer-related loneliness, family loneliness, negative attitude toward solitude, and positive attitude toward solitude. Nine different instruments for a total of 14 scales and derivative subscales were completed by a sample of mid-adolescents (N = 534) from Grades 10 through 12 (aged 15–18 years) in the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium. As expected, the four-factor solution provided a better fit to the data than did alternative models that comprised just a single factor, or two and three factors. Use of the Loneliness and Aloneness Scale for Children and Adolescents (LACA) is recommended, because the instrument measures all four aspects of the model. Implications for current theories on adolescent loneliness and associated phenomena, such as adolescents’ attitude toward being on their own, are briefly discussed. 相似文献
192.
Koen Luyckx Bart Soenens Maarten Vansteenkiste Luc Goossens Michael D Berzonsky 《Journal of family psychology》2007,21(3):546-550
Longitudinal data were used to evaluate whether parental psychological control would have a negative impact on identity formation. Perceived psychological control and 4 identity dimensions (i.e., commitment making, exploration in breadth, identification with commitment, and exploration in depth) were assessed 5 times in a college sample. Associations between psychological control and identity (i.e., negative associations with both commitment dimensions and a positive association with exploration in breadth) were stable across time. Further, the developmental pathways of these constructs appeared to be correlated: Increases in psychological control were associated with simultaneous decreases in both commitment dimensions. Finally, reciprocal effects were found: Psychological control inhibited progress in both commitment dimensions, whereas exploration in breadth led to increased psychological control. The authors have provided suggestions for helping emerging adults to approach the task of identity formation. 相似文献
193.
The authors examined potential links between perceived organizational support (POS) and objective and subjective career success through the satisfaction of the 3 basic psychological needs (BPNs) posited in self‐determination theory. The inclusion of BPN satisfaction as a mediator provides an interesting route, suggesting it is a condition for POS to lead to career success. The authors submitted an online questionnaire to 379 French counseling psychologists and examined the responses using a cross‐sectional design with only 1 measurement. The results indicated the indirect effects of POS on objective career success via the satisfaction of the 3 BPNs and on subjective career success via satisfaction of the needs for autonomy and competence. 相似文献
194.
Camille Guertin Luc G. Pelletier Claudie Émond Gilles Lalande 《Motivation and emotion》2017,41(3):294-307
This study tested a longitudinal model examining the roles of motivation and perceived competence in the prediction of physical activity (PA) and healthy eating (HE) in individuals with cardiovascular diseases, and the effects of adopting these behaviors on individuals’ health. Participants completed measures of global motivation (baseline), contextual motivation and perceived competence for PA and HE (3 months), and self-reports of PA and HE behaviors (6 months). Physiological indicators and life satisfaction were assessed at the baseline and at 12 months. Structural equation modeling supported that individuals with self-determined motivation (SDM) were more likely to feel competent in changing their lifestyle and to engage in moderate and strenuous (vs. mild) exercise and HE behaviors, which had beneficial effects on individuals’ physiological and psychological health. This research confirms the respective roles of SDM and perceived competence in the health behavior change process and emphasizes the key function of SDM in the adherence of healthy behaviors over time. 相似文献
195.
Merryn D. Constable John de Grosbois Tiffany Lung Luc Tremblay Jay Pratt Timothy N. Welsh 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》2017,24(3):835-841
When a person executes a movement, the movement is more errorful while observing another person’s actions that are incongruent rather than congruent with the executed action. This effect is known as “motor contagion”. Accounts of this effect are often grounded in simulation mechanisms: increased movement error emerges because the motor codes associated with observed actions compete with motor codes of the goal action. It is also possible, however, that the increased movement error is linked to eye movements that are executed simultaneously with the hand movement because oculomotor and manual-motor systems are highly interconnected. In the present study, participants performed a motor contagion task in which they executed horizontal arm movements while observing a model making either vertical (incongruent) or horizontal (congruent) movements under three conditions: no instruction, maintain central fixation, or track the model’s hand with the eyes. A significant motor contagion-like effect was only found in the ‘track’ condition. Thus, ‘motor contagion’ in the present task may be an artifact of simultaneously executed incongruent eye movements. These data are discussed in the context of stimulation and associative learning theories, and raise eye movements as a critical methodological consideration for future work on motor contagion. 相似文献
196.
Darrin L. Rogers Martha L. Calderón Galassi Joanna C. Espinosa Amy A. Weimer Mónica Teresa González Ramírez Lucía Del Carmen Quezada-Berumen 《Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma》2017,26(2):191-210
This study aimed to assess and compare sexual abuse (SA) rates in female and male Mexican American college students (N = 514) and 2 samples of Mexican college students (N = 161 and N = 227). Participants responded to the Sexual Experiences Survey Victim Form (SES-SFV). SA prevalence and frequency rates were compared between sample groups for 3 categories of SA: nonchildhood SA (SA-NC, experienced since age 14), SA experienced in the previous 12 months (SA-12M), and lifetime self-labeled SA (SA-LL, any experience identified as abuse or rape by participants). Higher rates of self-reported SA were consistently found for Mexican versus U.S. samples. However, SA incidence was also consistently higher in older individuals and females; more recently experienced SA was reported at lower rates and with greater gender congruence than more distal SA; and variation between Mexican samples was roughly equal to variation between Mexican and U.S. samples. Findings show cross-national variation in SA rates. 相似文献
197.
198.
The Puzzle of the Hats is a betting arrangement which seems to show that a Dutch book can be made against a group of rational players with common
priors who act in the common interest and have full trust in the other players’ rationality. But we show that appearances
are misleading—no such Dutch book can be made. There are four morals. First, what can be learned from the puzzle is that there
is a class of situations in which credences and betting rates diverge. Second, there is an analogy between ways of dealing
with situations of this kind and different policies for sequential choice. Third, there is an analogy with strategic voting,
showing that the common interest is not always served by expressing how things seem to you in social decision-making. And
fourth, our analysis of the Puzzle of the Hats casts light on a recent controversy about the Dutch book argument for the Sleeping Beauty. 相似文献
199.
Laurence Claes Jennifer Muehlenkamp Walter Vandereycken Luc Hamelinck Helga Martens Stephan Claes 《Personality and individual differences》2010,48(1):83-87
The aim of the current study was to examine differences in personality, coping skills, and select psychopathology symptoms in psychiatric patients with and without non-suicidal self-injury and/or suicide attempts. We collected data in a sample of 128 psychiatric patients by means of self-report questionnaires measuring self-harm, psychological symptoms, personality and coping skills. Results support a continuum of self-harm such that patients with both non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts exhibit significantly greater levels of psychopathology and lower levels of adaptive personality traits and coping skills. The findings point to the clinical importance of making a distinction between non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts, and offers additional variables to consider outside of intent when appraising suicide risk. 相似文献
200.
A modulation of the primary impulse of manual/video-aiming movements performed without visual feedback has been reported.
In the present study, we show that this modulation is modified (a) with increased practice, (b) the use of an aligned visual
display, and (c) the availability of visual feedback on alternated trials. However, this modulation was not as efficient as
that observed in a normal vision condition, which underlines the primary role of vision to ensure endpoint accuracy. Moreover,
this modulation was observed only on the extent component of the task. This last observation indicates that proprioception
can be used to modulate the extent component of goal-directed movements but that vision is necessary to modulate their direction. 相似文献