8─11个月婴儿迂回行为发展特点与学习能力的研究

采用程序标准化的婴儿迂回行为测验,探讨了２４４名８－１１个月婴儿的迂回行为发展特点及学习能力。结果表明：（１）８－１１个月婴儿的迂回行为水平表现出随婴儿月龄的增长而提高的趋势。（２）８－１１个月的婴儿具有从反复尝试中学会迂回行为的可能性,其中９、１０个月的婴儿的学习可能性较大,而８个月婴儿的学习可能性较小。（３）８－１１个月婴儿的学习速度随月龄增大而提高。     

Activation of response codes by relevant and irrelevant stimulus information

Single-route models attribute stimulus-response compatibility effects to the difficulty of translation from stimulus to response. Dual-route models propose that compatibility effects reflect in part an additional direct, or automatic, activation route. Selected findings from three lines of research are reported that converge to provide evidence consistent with the view that the automatic activation route plays a role in compatibility effects. The data suggest that the activation produced via this route by relevant stimulus attributes influences response selection only when all mappings of stimuli to responses are known to be compatible.     

老庄人格心理学思想比较及评价

对先秦道家学派的创始人及主要代表─－老子和庄子的人格心理学思想进行了比较,认为其相同点有九,相异点有三;并力求以辨正唯物主义和历史唯物主义为利器,透过历史的重重雾障,对之作出较合理的客观评价,以便于古为今用。     

Life events,social support and depression amongst Taiwanese housewives

Eighty-five community housewives in a Taiwanese city were surveyed. Multiple regression analysis indicated that age, life events and social support were found to relate to depression symptomatology. Younger housewives reported more depression symptoms than their older counterparts. Life events were related to depression, while social support protected women from depression.     

有关《心灵学》一书的研究

在我国古时,虽然没有“心理学”这一学科的名称,但对心理问题的论述却有数千年的历史了。从事这方面研究的是我国古代的哲学家、教育家、文艺理论家和医药学家,他们对心理的研究,散见于各代的经、理、文、医学的群籍中,既有叙述的理论,也有应用的资料。但我国最早的心理学书却是从西方心理学翻译过来的。关于西方心理学传入我国始于何时?何人?背景条件如何?确是研究我国现代心理学起源的一个重要问题,也是中国现代心理学史不可缺少的史料之一。     

八至十五岁儿童交集概念和解交集数学题能力的发展研究——儿童认知结构发展变化的研究之一

本文探讨了8—15岁儿童掌握交集概念的发展水平及解答交集应用题的过程,分析了儿童认知过程中各认知成分的交互作用。 实验结果表明:小学儿童已具有掌握简单交集概念的心理基础;对交集的认知包括概念、表象、感知操作等成分的交互作用,其中表象、感知操作成分具有重要意义;儿童解交集课题是一种主动积极的认知活动,他们主动思考,采取策略,通过实物和图片的帮助而上升到概念水平上的理解。     

Social influence matters: We follow pandemic guidelines most when our close circle does

Why do we adopt new rules, such as social distancing? Although human sciences research stresses the key role of social influence in behaviour change, most COVID-19 campaigns emphasize the disease’s medical threat. In a global data set (n = 6,675), we investigated how social influences predict people’s adherence to distancing rules during the pandemic. Bayesian regression analyses controlling for stringency of local measures showed that people distanced most when they thought their close social circle did. Such social influence mattered more than people thinking distancing was the right thing to do. People’s adherence also aligned with their fellow citizens, but only if they felt deeply bonded with their country. Self-vulnerability to the disease predicted distancing more for people with larger social circles. Collective efficacy and collectivism also significantly predicted distancing. To achieve behavioural change during crises, policymakers must emphasize shared values and harness the social influence of close friends and family.     

中国北朝刻经中的地论学派因素

地论学派是指南北朝时期以弘扬《十地经论》为主的一个佛教学派,主要流行在北朝,且历经北魏、东魏、北齐、北周、隋等朝代而经久不衰。《十地经论》是印度大乘瑜伽学系的重要典籍。作者世亲初从声闻乘出家,后闻其兄无著讲《十地经》,便改变所宗而先撰成《十地经论》,对《十地经》进行了解释和阐述,以赞扬大乘,巩固了瑜伽学说的理论基础。     

湖州铁佛寺与观音中国化

在浙江省湖州市繁华的主城区,有一座建于南朝梁天监年间的寺院,那里供奉着一尊北宋乾兴初铸造的铁观音菩萨立像。据说,她是我国现存最早的观音变女相菩萨像,其容貌具有唐宋时期太湖流域女性的特征,故被我国学者誉为"东方维纳斯"。因此,这座千年古刹,也被视为观音中国化的典范。它,就是湖州铁佛寺。     

输入方式对学语前聋生语篇理解的影响：文本和测题类型的调节效应

为了考察信息输入方式、文本类型和测题类型对聋生语篇理解的影响,研究通过录像呈现,以口语、手语、书面语三种输入方式向学语前极重度七、八、九年级聋生呈现叙述性和描述性两种文本类型的语篇信息,并要求其完成理解测试。结果显示：输入方式对聋生语篇理解的效率存在影响,书面语成绩最高且速度最快,依次为手语、口语,文本类型和测题类型对该影响有调节作用。结果表明输入方式是聋生语篇理解的主要影响因素,文本和测题类型是调节因素。