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371.
Karen B. Schmaling Fred Wamboldt Liz Telford Kenneth B. Newman Hyman Hops J. Mark Eddy 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》1996,3(3):211-218
Some asthmatics show evidence of airways reactivity triggered by strong emotions. Six case studies of married patients with severe asthma are reported. The videotaped interactions of the asthmatic and his/her spouse were coded for affect and behavior. Repeated measures of pulmonary function and affective state were recorded before and after two interaction tasks. Over the course of the experimental period, two patients' pulmonary function improved and four patients' deteriorated. In general, decreased pulmonary function was associated with more self-rated hostility and depression. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for the intra- and interpersonal factors that are important in asthma management. 相似文献
372.
A tremendous amount of media attention has been directed towards sexual abuse perpetrated by Roman Catholic priests in recent years. While there are countless research studies on both sexual abuse victims and perpetrators in the professional literature, very few have specifically investigated Roman Catholic priests who sexually abuse minors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of personality and cognitive variables among hospitalized sex offending Roman Catholic priests using specific MMPI-2, WAIS-R, and Halstead-Reitan measurements. Specifically, the role of defensive coping styles as measured by the L, K, O-H, and R scales of the MMPI-2 along with IQ scores from the WAIS-R and the Halstead impairment index were investigated. A total of 160 Roman Catholic priests (80 who sexually abused minors and 80 nonabusing control patients) hospitalized in a private psychiatric facility specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of clergy were evaluated. Results suggest that overcontrolled-hostility (O-H) was the most reliable predictor of group membership while Verbal IQ approached statistical significance. Implications for further research are offered. 相似文献
373.
Lingual vibrotactile thresholds were obtained at a frequency of 250 Hz by using an ascending-continuous series of stimulation during five sessions. Each of three adult male Ss attended a control session which included a prescribed period of constant tongue positioning, a pre-experimental session where the mean of six thresholds was obtained as a basis of further testing, and three experimental sessions. In the experimental sessions vibrotactile thresholds after exposure to vibratory stimulation of varying levels of intensity and duration were obtained. The findings of the control session reflected a slight pattern of decreased lingual sensitivity indicative of the influential factor of constant maintenance of tongue positioning. Results from the experimental sessions demonstrated shifts toward progressively decreased lingual sensitivity after exposure to vibratory signals of increased levels of intensity and duration. A recovery phase to near-normal sensitivity followed each stimulus presentation. 相似文献
374.
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377.
Kathryn A. Kirigin Curtis J. Braukmann Jay D. Atwater Montrose M. Wolf 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》1982,15(1):1-16
Juvenile crime is a serious problem for which no treatment approach has been found to be reliably effective. This outcome evaluation assessed during and posttreatment effectiveness of Teaching-Family group home treatment programs for juvenile offenders. The evaluation included the original Achievement Place program, which was the prototype for the development of the Teaching-Family treatment approach, 12 replications of Achievement Place, and 9 comparison group home programs. Primary dependent measures were retrieved from court and police files and included number of alleged offenses, percentage of youths involved in those alleged offenses, and percentage of youths institutionalized. Other dependent measures were subjective ratings of effectiveness obtained from the program consumers, including the group home residents. The results showed difference during treatment favoring the Teaching-Family programs on rate of alleged criminal offenses, percentage of youths involved in those offenses, and consumer ratings of the programs. The consumer ratings provided by the youths and their school teachers were found to be inversely and significantly correlated with the reduction of criminal offenses during treatment. There were no significant differences during treatment on measures of noncriminal offenses (e.g., truancy, runaway, and curfew violations). In the posttreatment year, none of the differences between the groups was significant on any of the outcome measures. The results are discussed in terms of measurement and design issues in the evaluation of delinquency treatment programs and in relation to the evaluation of Teaching-Family group homes by Richard Jones and his colleagues. 相似文献
378.
The spans of apprehension of hyperactive and normal boys were compared with a forced-choice letter-recognition task developed by Estes (1965). This task provides an estimate of the span which is relatively insensitive to either memory or motivational influences. The span size was the same for both groups when visual noise was absent. In the presence of noise, span size for the hyperactive boys decreased. Moreover, as the number of noise letters increased, the reduction in span size observed for the hyperactive boys increased. It is argued that this increasing reduction in span size represents a true deficit in attention. 相似文献
379.
A model previously proposed for the size-weight illusion (Cross & Rotkin, 1975) was found unsatisfactory because the postulated volume parameter was not independent of the unit of measurement of weight and the model yielded a paradoxical prediction that the perceived heaviness of small objects should decrease as their weight increased. A new model was proposed based on Stevens and Rubin’s (1970) finding that heaviness functions are a family of con-verging power functions and some of Cross and Rotkin’s developments. The model was ex-amined by estimating its parameters from data previously reported by Cross and Rotkin, Stevens and Rubin, and Kolehmainen and Mikkonen (1970). The equations was found to fit each set of data well. Four independent estimates of a volume parameter of the model were in close agreement, .18, .21, .21, and .24, which is consistent with the model. nt]mis|This research was supported by Grants A0151 and A9582 from the National Research Council of Canada. 相似文献
380.
Jay V. Solnick Curtis J. Braukmann Martha M. Bedlington Kathryn A. Kirigin Montrose M. Wolf 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》1981,9(1):107-119
Interactions between the youths and group home parents in 10 group homes were directly observed during a 2-hour session in each home. These observations were compared to questionnaire measures of the youths' self-reported delinquency while in the group home, and their evaluation of the group home program. The results indicated that over the 10 homes there was a strong inverse correlation between mean self-reported delinquency and the average amount of time youths spent taking to (r
s
=–.95)and in proximity to (r
s
=–.81)their group home parents. Talking to group home parents also showed a positive correlation with the youths' evaluation of their group home program. Similar trends were found when the correlations were computed over individual youths, although the magnitudes were reduced. These data may have implications for our understanding of the relationship between parenting behaviors and delinquency, as well as for the improvement of group-home treatment programs.This research was supported by Grant MH20030 and by a postdoctoral research fellowship (Grant MH15200, awarded to the first author) from the National Institute of Mental Health (Center for Studies in Crime and Delinquency). These grants were made to the Bureau of Child Research and the Department of Human Development, University of Kansas. The authors wish to thank Susan Whitely for her statistical consultation, and Jay Atwater, Carol Cramer, and Lynette Forbes for their help in the data analysis. Appreciation is also extended to the many teaching-parents whose cooperation made the research possible. 相似文献