全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1046篇 |
免费 | 36篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
1083篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 14篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 15篇 |
2017年 | 12篇 |
2016年 | 17篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2013年 | 105篇 |
2012年 | 22篇 |
2011年 | 37篇 |
2010年 | 22篇 |
2009年 | 20篇 |
2008年 | 35篇 |
2007年 | 33篇 |
2006年 | 38篇 |
2005年 | 30篇 |
2004年 | 30篇 |
2003年 | 26篇 |
2002年 | 49篇 |
2001年 | 26篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 16篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 18篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 13篇 |
1985年 | 18篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 12篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 18篇 |
1977年 | 16篇 |
1976年 | 19篇 |
1975年 | 18篇 |
1974年 | 12篇 |
1973年 | 23篇 |
1972年 | 12篇 |
1971年 | 10篇 |
1970年 | 10篇 |
1969年 | 14篇 |
1968年 | 19篇 |
1967年 | 10篇 |
1966年 | 15篇 |
排序方式: 共有1083条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
951.
The ability to selectively remember important information is a critical function of memory. Although previous research has suggested that older adults are impaired in a variety of episodic memory tasks, recent work has demonstrated that older adults can selectively remember high-value information. In the present research, we examined how younger and older adults selectively remembered words with various assigned numeric point values, to see whether younger adults could remember more specific value information than could older adults. Both groups were equally good at recalling point values when recalling the range of high-value words, but younger adults outperformed older adults when recalling specific values. Although older adults were more likely to recognize negative value words, both groups exhibited control by not recalling negative value information. The findings suggest that although both groups retain high-value information, older adults rely more on gist-based encoding and retrieval operations, whereas younger adults are able to remember specific numeric value information. 相似文献
952.
Associative representational plasticity in the auditory cortex: a synthesis of two disciplines 下载免费PDF全文
Weinberger NM 《Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)》2007,14(1-2):1-16
Historically, sensory systems have been largely ignored as potential loci of information storage in the neurobiology of learning and memory. They continued to be relegated to the role of "sensory analyzers" despite consistent findings of associatively induced enhancement of responses in primary sensory cortices to behaviorally important signal stimuli, such as conditioned stimuli (CS), during classical conditioning. This disregard may have been promoted by the fact that the brain was interrogated using only one or two stimuli, e.g., a CS(+) sometimes with a CS(-), providing little insight into the specificity of neural plasticity. This review describes a novel approach that synthesizes the basic experimental designs of the experimental psychology of learning with that of sensory neurophysiology. By probing the brain with a large stimulus set before and after learning, this unified method has revealed that associative processes produce highly specific changes in the receptive fields of cells in the primary auditory cortex (A1). This associative representational plasticity (ARP) selectively facilitates responses to tonal CSs at the expense of other frequencies, producing tuning shifts toward and to the CS and expanded representation of CS frequencies in the tonotopic map of A1. ARPs have the major characteristics of associative memory: They are highly specific, discriminative, rapidly acquired, exhibit consolidation over hours and days, and can be retained indefinitely. Evidence to date suggests that ARPs encode the level of acquired behavioral importance of stimuli. The nucleus basalis cholinergic system is sufficient both for the induction of ARPs and the induction of specific auditory memory. Investigation of ARPs has attracted workers with diverse backgrounds, often resulting in behavioral approaches that yield data that are difficult to interpret. The advantages of studying associative representational plasticity are emphasized, as is the need for greater behavioral sophistication. 相似文献
953.
This article tested the ability of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict patterns of behavior change associated with health screening. Attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intentions were used to predict objective measures of attendance 1 month and 13 months later among participants who had never previously been screened (N = 389). Findings showed that the TPB predicted attendance on each occasion and also predicted frequency of attendance. However, the model was unable to reliably distinguish among consistent attendees, participants who delayed attending, and participants who initially attended but relapsed. Thus, the TPB needs to be extended to understand behaviors that must be performed promptly and repeatedly for health benefits to accrue. 相似文献
954.
State and trait anxiety: A cross-cultural comparison of Chinese and Caucasian students in Canada 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Chinese people immigrating to North America are subject to specific Stressors in moving to a new country, and, furthermore,
these factors interact with their cultural background to produce higher levels of anxiety than are commonly believed to exist.
The present study compared the responses of 60 Chinese and 60 Caucasian Canadian students to questionnaires measuring multidimensional
trait and state anxiety. As predicted, the Chinese students endorsed significantly higher levels of trait anxiety for ambiguous
situations and daily routines than did the Caucasians. Moreover, they were also significantly more likely than the Caucasians
to rate the research situation as being ambiguous and threatening. Of all the possible background variables tested, English
fluency was the single most powerful covariate that was predictive of the results, with those students who indicated a lowered
English proficiency tending to score higher across all four facets of trait anxiety. As the Chinese students were also significantly
more likely than the Caucasians to indicate a lower level of English fluency, the present results are supportive of the likelihood
that lack of familiarity with the adopted culture and language may contribute to adjustment difficulties in Chinese immigrants.
This paper is based in part on an M.A. thesis in psychology at York University by the first author under the supervision of
the second author. This research was supported in part by a research grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research
Council of Canada (SSHRC) to the second author (Grant No. 410-94-1473). 相似文献
955.
Norman S. Endler Rachel L. Speer Judith M. Johnson Gordon L. Flett 《Current Psychology》2001,20(1):36-52
The present investigation employed a general measure of self-efficacy, a measure of perceived control, and items relating
to expectation and evaluation (pre and post). The purpose was to determine whether general self-efficacy or perceived control
best predicted the criterion variables of state anxiety and performance on a stressful cognitive task (solving anagrams) under
conditions of high versus low control. These relationships were tested under the experimental conditions of high and low objective
control (i.e., the actual control afforded by the situation). Results showed that general self-efficacy, relative to perceived
control was a better predictor of state anxiety in the high and low control conditions but neither predicted actual performance.
Participants’ expectations of task difficulty, their own performance, and their performance relative to the performance of
others taken before the task were compared with their evaluations of difficulty and performance after completing the task.
Participants indicated that the task was easier than anticipated, but rated their own performance more poorly after completion
of the task.
The study reported in this article was supported, in part, by Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council Grant No. 410-94-1473
to Norman S. Endler. 相似文献
956.
There are two well-developed formalizations of discrete time dynamic systems that evidently share many concerns but suffer from a lack of mutual awareness. One formalization is classical systems and automata theory. The other is the logic of actions in which the situation and event calculi are the strongest representatives. Researchers in artificial intelligence are likely to be familiar with the latter but not the former. This is unfortunate, for systems and automata theory have much to offer by way of insight into problems raised in the logics of action. This paper is an outline of how the input-output view of systems and its associated solution of state realization may be applied to the formalization of dynamics that uses a situation calculus approach. In particular, because the latter usually admits incompletely specified dynamics, which induces a non-deterministic input-output system behavior, we first show that classical state realization can still be achieved if the behavior is causal. This is a novel systems-theoretic result. Then we proceed to indicate how situation calculi dynamic specifications can be understood in systems-theoretic terms, and how automata can be viewed as models of such specifications. As techniques for reasoning about automata are abundant, this will provide yet more tools for reasoning about actions. 相似文献
957.
Jafar Bakhshaie Daniel J. Paulus Angela Medvedeva Tanveer Otal Chad Lemaire Monica Garza Melissa Ochoa-Perez Jeanette Valdivieso Daniel Bogiaizian Andres G. Viana Anahi Collado Norman B. Schmidt Michael J. Zvolensky 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2017,39(3):563-574
The present investigation examined anxiety sensitivity (AS) in the relation between emotional nonacceptance (unwillingness to experience unwanted emotions) and mood and anxiety symptoms among Latinos seeking health services at a primary healthcare facility. Participants included 267 adult Latinos (85.4% female; Mage = 38.8 years, SD = 10.7, and 95.9% used Spanish as their first language). Results indicated that emotional nonacceptance was indirectly related to number of mood and anxiety disorders, anxious arousal, social anxiety, and depressive symptoms through AS. The observed effects were evident above and beyond the variance accounted for by gender, age, marital status, educational status, employment status, years living in the United States, and negative affectivity. Using a multiple mediation model revealed that the AS cognitive, physical, and social concerns demonstrated unique incremental explanatory effects (above and beyond the other two AS sub-scales) for depressive, anxious arousal, and social anxiety symptoms, respectively. Thus, specific sub-scales of AS were uniquely related with the expression of particular affective symptom domains. Overall, the present findings suggest that there is merit in focusing further scientific attention on the interplay between nonacceptance and AS in regard to better understanding and intervening to reduce anxiety/depressive vulnerability among Latinos in primary care. 相似文献
958.
Karishma Chengappa Cheryl B. McNeil Meredith Norman Lauren B. Quetsch Ria M. Travers 《Child & family behavior therapy》2017,39(4):253-282
Parents with intellectual disability (ID) face many parenting challenges that may affect their ability to parent effectively, and such deficits are often associated with various poor child outcomes. Research findings are inconsistent for interventions targeting systematic skills for parents with ID. Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is an empirically supported treatment that incorporates performance-based training to enhance parenting ability. This study evaluated implementation of PCIT with parents with ID using a multiple baseline design across behaviors. Results suggest increases in positive parenting behaviors and consistent discipline. However, limitations related to poor maintenance and generalization warrant the need for future research. 相似文献
959.
Precision of Curriculum-Based Measurement Reading Data: Considerations for Multiple-Baseline Designs
David A. Klingbeil Ethan R. Van Norman Peter M. Nelson 《Journal of Behavioral Education》2017,26(4):433-451
Single-case designs provide an established technology for evaluating the effects of academic interventions. Researchers interested in studying the long-term effects of reading interventions often use curriculum-based measures of reading (CBM-R) as they possess many of the desirable characteristics for use in a time-series design. The reliability of CBM-R scores is often supported by research from group designs, but making idiographic interpretations regarding the change in a student’s oral reading rate requires attention to the precision of static scores and growth estimates. The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, we discuss how recent empirical work on the technical adequacy of CBM-R scores has revealed multiple threats to the data-evaluation validity when CBM-R passages are used to measure oral reading rate. Second, we identify pertinent considerations for conducting a visual analysis of intervention effects based on CBM-R data. We conclude with a brief discussion of implications for researchers considering the use of CBM-R within multiple-baseline designs. 相似文献
960.