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981.
Lisa A. Jacobson Sarah C. Murphy-Bowman Alison E. Pritchard Ariana Tart-Zelvin T. Andrew Zabel E. Mark Mahone 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2012,40(8):1327-1337
“Sluggish cognitive tempo” (SCT) is a construct hypothesized to describe a constellation of behaviors that includes daydreaming, lethargy, drowsiness, difficulty sustaining attention, and underactivity. Although the construct has been inconsistently defined, measures of SCT have shown associations with symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), particularly inattention. Thus, better characterization of SCT symptoms may help to better predict specific areas of functional difficulty in children with ADHD. The present study examined psychometric characteristics of a recently developed 14-item scale of SCT (Penny et al., Psychological Assessment 21:380–389, 2009), completed by teachers on children referred for outpatient neuropsychological assessment. Exploratory factor analysis identified three factors in the clinical sample: Sleepy/Sluggish, Slow/Daydreamy, and Low Initiation/Persistence. Additionally, SCT symptoms, especially those loading on the Sleepy/Sluggish and Slow/Daydreamy factors, correlated more strongly with inattentive than with hyperactive/impulsive symptoms, while Low Initiation/Persistence symptoms added significant unique variance (over and above symptoms of inattention) to the predictions of impairment in academic progress. 相似文献
982.
Schwartz OS Dudgeon P Sheeber LB Yap MB Simmons JG Allen NB 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2012,40(1):59-71
This study investigated the prospective, longitudinal relations between parental behaviors observed during parent-adolescent
interactions, and the development of depression and anxiety symptoms in a community-based sample of 194 adolescents. Positive
and negative parental behaviors were examined, with negative behaviors operationalized to distinguish between observed parental
expressions of aggression and dysphoria. Results showed that higher levels of parental aggression prospectively predicted
higher levels of both depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents over two-and-a-half years, whereas higher levels of positive
parental behaviors prospectively predicted lower levels of depression symptoms only. Parental dysphoric behavior was not related
to changes in either symptom dimension. These results suggest that patterns of parental behaviors may be differentially associated
with depressive versus anxious outcomes in adolescents, and highlight the potential role for family-focused prevention or
treatment interventions aimed at reducing an escalation of depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescence. 相似文献
983.
Henry Gregory Jr Onna Van Orden Lisa Jordan Galina A. Portnoy Elena Welsh Jennifer Betkowski Jade Wolfman Charles Carlo C. DiClemente 《American journal of community psychology》2012,50(3-4):321-333
The UMBC Psychology Department's Center for Community Collaboration (CCC) provides training and support for capacity building to promote substance abuse and mental health treatment as well as adherence improvement in community agencies funded through the Ryan White Act serving persons living with HIV/AIDS. This article describes an approach to dissemination of Evidence Based Practices (EBPs) for these services that uses the Interactive Systems Framework (ISF) and incorporates a collaborative process involving trainer cultural competence, along with a comprehensive assessment of organizational needs, culture, and climate that culminates in tailored training and ongoing collaboration. This article provides: (1) an overview of the CCC's expanded ISF for the effective dissemination of two EBPs—motivational interviewing and the stages of change perspective; (2) an examination of the role of trainer cultural competence within the ISF framework, particularly attending to organizational culture and climate; and (3) case examples to demonstrate this approach for both general and innovation‐specific capacity building in two community based organizations. Special Issue: Advances in Bridging Research and Practice Using the Interactive System Framework for Dissemination and Implementation; Guest Editors: Abraham Wandersman, Paul Flaspohler, Catherine A. Lesesne, Richard Puddy; Action Editor: Emilie Phillips Smith 相似文献
984.
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether attachment insecurity, focusing on disorganized attachment, and the
executive function (EF) component of inhibition, assessed at age 5, were longitudinally related to general externalizing problem
behaviors as well as to specific symptoms of ADHD and Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and callous-unemotional (CU) traits.
General externalizing problem behaviors were also measured at age 5 to allow for a developmental analysis. Outcome variables
were rated by parents and teachers. The sample consisted of 65 children with an oversampling of children with high levels
of externalizing behaviors. Attachment was evaluated using a story stem attachment doll play procedure. Inhibition was measured
using four different tasks. The results showed that both disorganized attachment and poor inhibition were longitudinally related
to all outcome variables. Controlling for initial level of externalizing problem behavior, poor inhibition predicted ADHD
symptoms and externalizing problem behaviors, independent of disorganized attachment, whereas for ASD symptoms no predictive
relations remained. Disorganized attachment independently predicted CU traits. 相似文献
985.
Talley AE Kocum L Schlegel RJ Molix L Bettencourt BA 《Personality & social psychology bulletin》2012,38(2):155-173
The authors propose that competence need fulfillment within valued role domains (i.e., spouse, parent, worker) will account, in part, for associations between autonomy and relatedness need fulfillment and psychological health. Testing these assertions in cross-sectional and longitudinal surveys of women in two independent community samples, the findings are the first to formally examine whether the satisfaction of competence needs within social roles accounts for associations between other types of need satisfaction and affective outcomes as well as depressive symptomology. Evidence supporting the hypothesis was stronger when examining individuals' affective health as compared to their depressive symptoms. Implications of the findings are discussed with regard to need fulfillment within social roles. 相似文献
986.
In this commentary we suggest that Fincher & Thornhill's (F&T's) parasite-stress theory of social behaviors and attitudes can be extended to mating behaviors and preferences. We discuss evidence from prior correlational and experimental studies that support this claim. We also reanalyze data from two of those studies using F&T's new parasite stress measures. 相似文献
987.
988.
While extant research has examined return policies as a combination of time and effort, we investigate both the independent and interactive impacts of time and effort on consumer decisions to return or retain products. We find that decreasing return deadlines can have the counterintuitive effect of increasing return rates under some conditions. Using construal level theory, we propose that perceived effort (both physical and cognitive) mediates the effect of return policy on return rates leading to suppressed returns. Further, when deadlines are framed as durations between store visits, overall product returns are exacerbated except when perceived effort is high. 相似文献
989.
Mary J. Didelot Lisa Hollingsworth Janet A. Buckenmeyer 《Journal of Addictions & Offender Counseling》2012,33(1):18-33
Internet addiction (IA) is both the most rapidly growing addiction and the least understood addiction ( Watson, 2005 ). For counselors, treatment issues surrounding the disease are also growing. At the forefront is the lack of understanding concerning treatment protocol to manage the challenging recovery and maintenance stages after IA behavior has been controlled. The authors discuss Viktor Frankl's logotherapy as an effective approach to treating IA. 相似文献
990.
Popular depictions of 20th-century American motherhood have typically emphasized the joy and fulfillment that a new mother can expect to experience on her child's arrival. But starting in the 1950s, discussions of the "baby blues" began to appear in the popular press. How did articles about the baby blues, and then postpartum depression, challenge these rosy depictions? In this article, we examine portrayals of postpartum distress in popular magazines and advice books during the second half of the 20th century to examine how the unsettling pairing of distress and motherhood was culturally negotiated in these decades. We show that these portrayals revealed a persistent reluctance to situate motherhood itself as the cause of serious emotional distress and a consistent focus on changing mothers to adapt to their role rather than changing the parameters of the role itself. Regardless of whether these messages actually helped or hindered new mothers themselves, we suggest that they reflected the rarely challenged assumption that motherhood and distress should not mix. 相似文献