全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2322篇 |
免费 | 124篇 |
专业分类
2446篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 20篇 |
2021年 | 20篇 |
2020年 | 43篇 |
2019年 | 72篇 |
2018年 | 83篇 |
2017年 | 77篇 |
2016年 | 74篇 |
2015年 | 77篇 |
2014年 | 82篇 |
2013年 | 260篇 |
2012年 | 158篇 |
2011年 | 155篇 |
2010年 | 91篇 |
2009年 | 85篇 |
2008年 | 109篇 |
2007年 | 132篇 |
2006年 | 90篇 |
2005年 | 95篇 |
2004年 | 99篇 |
2003年 | 96篇 |
2002年 | 93篇 |
2001年 | 40篇 |
2000年 | 36篇 |
1999年 | 38篇 |
1998年 | 38篇 |
1997年 | 31篇 |
1996年 | 28篇 |
1995年 | 32篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 26篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1988年 | 9篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有2446条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
911.
Lisa H. Sideris 《Zygon》2019,54(2):426-453
A set of science‐inspired cosmic narratives referred to as the Epic of Evolution and the Universe Story or, collectively, the new cosmology, proposes to bring humans closer to nature by placing us into the broader narrative of the cosmos. This article responds to commentary and critique on my book Consecrating Science: Wonder, Knowledge, and the Natural World, which critically examines these science‐based cosmic narratives and their particular and problematic modes and objects of wonder. Themes include the relationship of wonder to science and ethical engagement; the question of whether wonder, grounded in everyday sensory experience, can scale up to the level of global environmental problems; the relevance of wonder to nonideal environments and negative affects like fear or grief; and the importance of humanistic and religious studies scholarship for critiquing grand narratives of science, among other themes. I also respond to claims that my book misdiagnoses and distorts the work of the new cosmology and its claims to wonder. 相似文献
912.
We investigated whether seductive details (i.e., interesting but irrelevant adjuncts) are harmful to learning only when students (mistakenly) think that they are relevant. We therefore conducted a study in which participants (N = 86) learned either without seductive details (control condition) or with seductive details—in the latter case with or without being informed about the seductive details' irrelevance. In line with our hypotheses, only participants who were not informed about the irrelevance of seductive details revealed worse learning outcomes than those in the control condition, thereby revealing a seductive details effect. Extraneous cognitive load, but not perceived time pressure, mediated the negative effects of being uninformed about the irrelevance of seductive details on learning outcomes. Taken together, our results suggest that the perceived relevance of seductive details is a boundary condition of the seductive details effect. 相似文献
913.
Accurate knowledge monitoring is critical to the learning process, as it allows one to regulate studying and test preparation. Thus, a number of investigations have attempted to improve metacognition in the classroom, with the ultimate goal of improving student exam performance. However, such interventions have had inconsistent success using varying paradigms. We compared the effectiveness of five interventions aimed at improving prediction accuracy in a laboratory environment: review, salient feedback, motivation warning lecture, incentives, and reflection. Only the salient feedback and the motivation warning lecture interventions significantly improved participants' prediction accuracy from test 1 to test 2. Review, incentives, and reflection did not improve predictive or postdictive calibration. Well‐timed salient feedback and a lecture warning students not to be biased by desired grades were effective methods of improving calibration accuracy. Results offer effective interventions to improve metacognition that could be used in a classroom setting. 相似文献
914.
Eric A. Storch Michael J. Larson Lisa J. Merlo Mary L. Keeley Marni L. Jacob Gary R. Geffken Tanya K. Murphy Wayne K. Goodman 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2008,30(2):111-120
This study explored the impact of comorbidity on symptom severity and treatment outcome in a sample of 75 pediatric Obsessive–Compulsive
Disorder (OCD) patients. Forty received cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT). Overall, 56% had a comorbid disorder. Results
revealed that youth with comorbid disorders (anxiety or otherwise) endorsed significantly more anxiety symptoms than youth
with OCD only. Youth with comorbidities instead of or in addition to anxiety exhibited more severe OCD symptoms than youth
with OCD alone or an anxiety-only comorbidity. Youth in the comorbidities instead of or in addition to anxiety group had the
poorest CBT response relative to the other groups. These results suggest that relative to those with OCD alone or with an
anxiety disorder comorbidity, youth with comorbidities instead of or in addition to anxiety have a differing clinical presentation
(e.g., more severe symptoms) and worse psychotherapy outcome.
相似文献
Eric A. StorchEmail: |
915.
This study evaluated the relationship of (a) reactive inhibition and right-lateralized emotion processing to each other and (b) to executive control of response suppression, and (c) with regard to ADHD in 134 children ages 7-12 years. Reactive inhibition was indexed by child ratings of sensation seeking on the Sensation Seeking Scales, executive control by the Stop Signal Task, emotion processing by performance on the Chimeric Faces Test, and ADHD by parent- and teacher-reported symptoms. The results were consistent with a two-process model in which executive control, conceived as a right-hemisphere lateralized function, was distinct from sensation seeking and lateralized emotion processing. Supporting this distinction, ADHD was associated with executive control, but not with sensation seeking/reactive inhibition or lateralized emotion processing. The findings suggest that ADHD cannot be understood as a global right-lateralized neuropsychological weakness, but rather that it involves only particular functions that may be right lateralized. Findings further suggest that risk for comorbid disorders in ADHD (e.g., conduct disorder or mood disorders) may increase as a function of independent factors such as temperament. Mechanisms underlying executive inhibition and emotional processing could be functionally independent yet interact to multiply psychopathological risk in some children (leading, for example, to comorbid disorders). 相似文献
916.
917.
We surveyed 2,125 men and 3,735 women (N = 5,860) across the USA to test hypothesized relationships regarding women’s and men’s use of justice and care orientations
when they confront crisis events with moral implications. Consistent with previous research, we found that women were more
likely than men to adopt a care orientation. Contrary to expectations, however, women also adopted a justice response to a
greater degree than did men. We found that, in response to a crisis, women, unlike men, were more likely to believe they would
connect with others and take action. Implications for explaining inconsistencies in prior research findings on the justice
and care orientations, and for conceptualizing these important constructs in a new way, are discussed. 相似文献
918.
Hierarchical models of agrammatism propose that sentence production deficits can be accounted for in terms of clausal syntactic structure [Friedmann, N., & Grodzinsky, Y. (1997). Tense and agreement in agrammatic production: Pruning the syntactic tree. Brain and Language, 56, 397-425; Hagiwara, H. (1995). The breakdown of functional categories and the economy of derivation. Brain and Language, 50, 92-116]. Such theories predict that morpho-syntactic elements associated with higher nodes in the syntactic tree (complementizers and verb inflections) will be more impaired than elements associated with lower structural positions (negation markers and aspectual verb forms). While this hypothesis has been supported by the results of several studies [Benedet, M. J., Christiansen, J. A., & Goodglass, H. (1998). A cross-linguistic study of grammatical morphology in Spanish- and English-speaking agrammatic patients. Cortex, 34, 309-336; Friedmann, N. (2001). Agrammatism and the psychological reality of the syntactic tree. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 30, 71-88; Friedmann, N. (2002). Question production in agrammatism: The tree pruning hypothesis. Brain and Language, 80, 160-187], it has also been challenged on several grounds [Burchert, F., Swoboda-Moll, M., & De Bleser, R. (2005a). Tense and agreement dissociations in German agrammatic speakers: Underspecification vs. hierarchy. Brain and Language, 94, 188-199; Lee, M. (2003). Dissociations among functional categories in Korean agrammatism. Brain and Language, 84, 170-188; Lee, J., Milman, L. H., & Thompson, C. K. (2005). Functional category production in agrammatic speech. Brain and Language, 95, 123-124]. In this paper the question of hierarchical structure was re-examined within the framework of Item Response Theory [IRT, Rasch, G. (1980). Probabilistic models for some intelligence and attainment tests (Expanded ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press]. IRT is a probabilistic model widely used in the field of psychometrics to model behavioral constructs as numeric variables. In this study we examined production of functional categories (complementizers, verb inflections, negation markers, and aspectual verb forms) in narrative samples elicited from 18 individuals diagnosed with nonfluent aphasia and 18 matched controls. Data from the aphasic participants were entered into an IRT analysis to test (1) whether production of clausal functional categories can be represented as a variable on a numeric scale; and (2) whether production patterns were consistent with hierarchical syntactic structure. Pearson r correlation coefficients were also computed to determine whether there was a relation between functional category production and other indices of language performance. Results indicate that functional category production can be modeled as a numeric variable using IRT. Furthermore, although variability was observed across individuals, consistent patterns were evident when the data were interpreted within a probabilistic framework. Although functional category production was moderately correlated with a second measure of clausal structure (clause length), it was not correlated with more distant language constructs (noun/verb ratio and WAB A.Q.). These results suggest that functional category production is related to some, but not all, measures of agrammatic language performance. 相似文献
919.
Family unpredictability or inconsistency may be responsible, in part, for the detrimental outcomes associated with parental
divorce, parental alcoholism, and family poverty. We assessed behavior patterns and regulatory systems in one’s family of
origin for the purposes of developing the Retrospective Family Unpredictability Scale (Retro-FUS). In the first study (N = 416, 89% Caucasian, 59% female), confirmatory factor analysis indicated a six-factor solution was appropriate and the six
subscales (meals, money, mother nurturance, father nurturance, mother discipline, and father discipline) were reliable. A
second study (N = 305, 82% Caucasian, 77% female) demonstrated that Retro-FUS scores related to other conceptually similar factors. Specifically,
Retro-FUS scores were higher among participants reporting these factors while growing up: parental divorce, family economic
adversity, more neighborhood crime, and a greater likelihood of parental alcoholism. Thus, the Retro-FUS appears to be a multi-dimensional,
retrospective measure of family unpredictability that demonstrates internal consistency and preliminary construct validity.
We discuss implications for research and clinical applications as well as ideas for further research using the Retrospective
Family Unpredictability Scale. 相似文献
920.
Brigman JL Feyder M Saksida LM Bussey TJ Mishina M Holmes A 《Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)》2008,15(2):50-54
N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) mediate certain forms of synaptic plasticity and learning. We used a touchscreen system to assess NR2A subunit knockout mice (KO) for (1) pairwise visual discrimination and reversal learning and (2) acquisition and extinction of an instrumental response requiring no pairwise discrimination. NR2A KO mice exhibited significantly retarded discrimination learning. Performance on reversal was impaired in NR2A KO mice during the learning phase of the task; with no evidence of heightened perseverative responses. Acquisition and extinction of an instrumental behavior requiring no pairwise discrimination was normal in NR2A KO mice. The present findings demonstrate a significant and selective deficit in discrimination learning following loss of NR2A. 相似文献