胡适留美期间的基督教思想

本文从美国基督教的精神熏陶、听人讲授《圣经》和反复阅读《圣经》等五个方面,说明了胡适早期基督教思想的形成背景。认为对耶稣容忍精神的体认、对耶稣人格的崇高评价、关于上帝的独特见解等方面构成了胡适早期基督教思想的主要内容。而胡适早年的基督教思想,特别是"以上帝为人之至极,人为具体而未臻之上帝"以及耶稣的容忍精神,对胡适的一生有长远而重要的影响,具有不可替代的作用。     

美国公理会传教士卢公明与晚清福州民间信仰

福建福州地区民间信仰源远流长,自古有“好巫尚鬼”之风尚。19世纪中期来华的美国公理会传教士卢公明在福州传教14年,撰汉学著作《中国人的社会生活》一书,对当时清人熟视无睹的百姓宗教信仰现象进行思考研究,于东西方文化比较之中,再现了清末福州地区民间信仰的真实面貌,对我们研究当时乃至现在福建地区人民的宗教生活提供了多视角的、第一手的珍贵资料,具有重要的史料价值。     

循证医学指导医疗实践

循证医学的发展强调医疗决策物制定应将个人的临床经验与现有的最可信的临床研究证据进行完善结合。促进了医学模式的转化,对医疗实践起指导作用。现就循证医学对心血管病临床实践的指导作用的必要性和可能性及其内容作一简述。     

学前儿童用“人为不介入原理”区分生物、非生物能力的发展

本研究采用访谈法,考查4～6岁儿童对生物的“人为不介入原理”的理解。研究结果表明：1．学前儿童没有表现出明显的“泛灵论”倾向。2．学前儿童对“人为不介入原理”的理解随年龄增长而呈现提高趋势,多数6岁儿童已经能够利用这一原理区分生物和非生物。3．学前儿童对不同领域刺激物的认知表现出不平衡性,对动物的认知优先发展,植物次之,对人造物认知的发展落后于对生物认知的发展。4．学前儿童表现出初步的分类概念。     

德厚足以安世,行广足以容众——从《晏子春秋》谏上、谏下论晏子谏君思想

谏君是晏子思想的一项重要内容和重要特征。本文以《晏子春秋·内篇》谏上、谏下为解读文本,从爱民恤民、任贤远谗、赏善罚恶、重人远神、守礼中节、社稷无常奉等方面,对晏子的谏君思想进行了深入系统地考辨。     

Measuring the interrelations among multiple paradigms of visual attention: an individual differences approach

A large part of the empirical research in the field of visual attention has focused on various concrete paradigms. However, as yet, there has been no clear demonstration of whether or not these paradigms are indeed measuring the same underlying construct. We collected a very large data set (nearly 1.3 million trials) to address this question. We tested 257 participants on nine paradigms: conjunction search, configuration search, counting, tracking, feature access, spatial pattern, response selection, visual short-term memory, and change blindness. A fairly general attention factor was identified. Some of the participants were also tested on eight other paradigms. This general attention factor was found to be correlated with intelligence, visual marking, task switching, mental rotation, and Stroop task. On the other hand, a few paradigms that are very important in the attention literature (attentional capture, consonance-driven orienting, and inhibition of return) were found to be dissociated from this general attention factor.     

大学生性别角色与主观幸福感的关系：自尊的中介作用

以334名大学生为被试,采用问卷法考察大学生性别角色、自尊和主观幸福感的关系。结果发现：（1）大学生性别角色影响主观幸福感,双性化个体的主观幸福感水平最高。（2）自尊是性别角色对大学生主观幸福感影响的中介变量,即性别角色通过自尊对主观幸福感进行影响。因此,为提高大学生的主观幸福感,在教育中应当开展双性化的性别角色教育,同时要提高大学生的自尊水平。     

Age- and performance-related differences in encoding during early childhood: insights from event-related potentials

Previous studies have found that children show rapid and significant improvements in their ability to remember individual items and the contextual details that surround these items (i.e., episodic memory) during early childhood. Encoding processes have been suggested to contribute to the development of episodic memory; however, few studies have investigated encoding processes. The goal of the current study was to examine age- and performance-related effects on encoding in children between 4 and 8 years of age using event-related potentials (ERPs). Results revealed effects of both age and performance on encoding, as indexed by the ERPs response. However, the nature of these effects differed between subsequent recognition and subsequent recollection, as well as for the two ERP components (i.e., Nc and LSW) examined. These findings are important as they contribute empirical evidence that encoding processes show developmental change across early childhood. In addition, these findings highlight the importance of controlling for performance differences in future studies examining developmental changes in episodic memory.     

Rewarding performance feedback alters reported time of action

Past studies have shown that the perceived time of actions is retrospectively influenced by post-action events. The current study examined whether rewarding performance feedback (even when false) altered the reported time of action. In Experiment 1, participants performed a speeded button press task and received monetary reward for a presumed “fast,” or a monetary punishment for a presumed “slow” response. Rewarded trials resulted in the false perception that the response action occurred earlier than punished trials. In Experiments 2 and 3, the need for a speeded response and reward were independently manipulated in order to decouple the cognitive and reward components in the feedback signal. When tested independently, neither variable affected the judged time of action. We conclude that meaningful feedback (fast or slow) is only used when made salient by reward, to modulate the judged time of an action.     

全球化、菲利普斯曲线平坦化及其政策含义——中国数据的实证分析

金融危机爆发以来,对通胀机理的深入思考,对现有货币政策理论框架的深刻反思,愈发热烈。本文全面回顾了国际经济学界在这一领域的相关文献,并以中国作为研究对象,讨论全球化对中国菲利普斯曲线的影响。实证结果认为,开放程度的加深,使得中国菲利普斯曲线变得更加平坦,物价对国内产出缺口的敏感度在下降,而一旦高通胀确立,又需要加大政策收缩力度和由此带来更多的产出牺牲。政策制定者应该充分考虑到这一情况的变化,在宏观调控过程中进行合理的政策调整。