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191.
R. B. Lawson Sara Packard Dawn Lawrence C. L. G. Whitmore 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1977,21(1):65-68
Eight subjects reported stereoscopic depth as a function of the magnitude and direction of disparity carried by a reversible grid or an irreversible solid surface. The former alternated between a diamond seen against a grating or a uniform rectangular grid pattern with stereoscopic depth reported only when the diamond was perceived. Depth was attenuated for the grid compared to the solid surface patterns. Disparity can be defined by perceptually extracted forms with depth present only when those forms are bounded by visible contours. 相似文献
192.
In samples of 30 Canadian and 117 American undergraduates, academic performance was more strongly correlated with perfectionism scores (Revised Almost Perfect Scale) (r = .20 and -.17) than with those on self-reported depression (CES-Depression) (r = -.09). 相似文献
193.
194.
Distraction for Pediatric Immunization Pain: A Critical Review 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Melissa?DeMore Lindsey?L.?CohenEmail author 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2005,12(4):281-291
The paper provides a critical review of distraction for pediatric immunizations in order to determine clinical practicality
and efficacy of this commonly employed intervention. The MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases were searched to identify papers that
included an evaluation of a distraction intervention as a method of pediatric immunization pain management. Fifteen papers
were included in this review. Effect sizes were calculated to estimate the clinical significance of findings. In order to
examine possible differences in effect sizes related to distraction characteristics, chi square analyses were conducted. Results
indicate that distraction is clinically effective in the reduction of pain during pediatric immunizations. Support is found
for behavioral and cognitive explanations of distraction mechanisms. Further, various distraction stimulus characteristics
were found to be associated with the clinical significance of findings.
This article is based on the preliminary examination paper of the first author under the direction of the second, at West
Virginia University. 相似文献
195.
Finley I. Lawson 《Zygon》2023,58(3):678-682
The Science and Religion Forum (SRF) promotes discussion on issues at the interface of science and religion. The forum membership is diverse and it holds an annual conference to encourage exploration of issues that arise at the interface of science and religion. This article provides an overview of the hybrid conference that took place at the Woodbrooke Centre in Birmingham in May 2022. The conference addressed the issue of information and reality for religions and science across two broad themes. The first focused on metaphysical matters and the impact of the idea that information (quantum, biological, digital) are the fundamental building blocks of the universe, on our theological discourse. The second took a more ethical turn focusing on the issues raised by the interaction of information (biological, personal, digital) and science in society. This thematic section includes articles that span both strands of the conference including the public Gowland Lecture and the winning essay from the Peacocke Prize. 相似文献
196.
Pierre Jolicoeur Michael C. Corballis Rebecca Lawson 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》1998,5(1):140-146
Subjects either named rotated objects or decided whether the objects would face left or right if they were upright. Response time in the left-right task was influenced by a rotation aftereffect or by the physical rotation of the object, which is consistent with the view that the objects were mentally rotated to the upright and that, depending on its direction, the perceived rotary motion of the object either speeded or slowed mental rotation. Perceived rotary motion did not influence naming time, which suggests that the identification of rotated objects does not involve mental rotation. 相似文献
197.
This study investigated the influence of information from others on the correspondence bias in the attribution of attitudes.
Participants were presented with an essay either for or against the legalization of abortion. They also received either no
information, an argument mentioning the target person’s constraint, or behavior-inconsistent prior information about the target
from a “fellow classmate.” Participants then estimated the constrained target person’s actual attitude. Results showed that
the correspondence bias (CB) was substantially attenuated by the constraint argument and was reversed by the prior information.
These findings demonstrate that arguments from others may prompt perceivers to make an inferential adjustment to take into
account the target’s situational constraint, and that behavior-inconsistent prior information from others may lead perceivers
to assign greater inferential weight to that information relative to the behavior.
An earlier version of this article was presented at the Midwestern Psychological Association conference in Chicago, Illinois,
May 1995. 相似文献
198.
Involuntary commitments to public mental institutions: issues involving the overrepresentation of blacks and assessment of relevant functioning 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
This article contributes to the debate in the mental health and legal systems concerning involuntary commitments to mental hospitals. The focus is on issues involving the overrepresentation of Black people among adults committed to U.S. public mental institutions and issues involving the assessment of relevant behavioral functioning in particular. Empirical findings, legal principles and procedures, and methodological limitations are reviewed to identify problems in current practice and relevant evidence bearing on those problems. Special emphasis is placed on the possible explanations for the overrepresentation of Blacks and on dependable assessments of relevant functioning that are needed to justify the state's coercive power to involuntarily confine people, regardless of race. The article concludes with a summary and recommendations for research and practice. 相似文献
199.
Conflict Intensity,Family History,and Physiological Stress Reactions to Conflict Within Romantic Relationships 下载免费PDF全文
This study drew upon the physiological model of stress and desensitization processes to deduce hypotheses linking the intensity of conflict communication and exposure to familial verbal aggression in childhood to experiences of conflict within romantic relationships. One hundred college‐aged students (50 dating couples) participated in a dyadic interaction in which partners discussed a source of conflict in their romantic relationship. Participants reported childhood exposure to familial verbal aggression, third‐party observers rated the intensity of conflict communication, and salivary cortisol indexed physiological stress responses to the conflict interactions. As predicted, results showed a positive association between conflict intensity and cortisol reactivity, and this association was attenuated for individuals who reported higher, rather than lower, levels of childhood exposure to familial verbal aggression. 相似文献
200.