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171.
Eric W. Lindsey 《The Journal of genetic psychology》2019,180(1):45-61
Children’s emotional expressiveness with peers was examined as a predictor of social competence. Data were collected from 122 preschool children (57 boys, 65 girls; 86 European American, 9 African American, 17 Hispanic, and 10 other ethnicity) over a period of two?years. Observations of children’s peer interactions in Year 1 were coded for frequency and intensity of happiness, anger, sadness, and fear. Sociometric interviews and teacher ratings provided assessments of children’s peer competence in both Years 1 and 2. Frequent expression of happiness in Year 1 predicted higher social competence scores in Year 2, whereas frequent anger in Year 1 predicted lower peer competence Year 2. More intense anger and sadness in Year 1 predicted lower peer social competence scores in Year 2. Frequency and intensity of emotional expressiveness in Year 1 accounted for unique variance in peer competence in Year 2. 相似文献
172.
173.
Affirmative action is a problematic, but common, organizational approach to redressing gender discrimination as it fails to
address discourses underlying organizational definitions and practices in highly masculinized sites like English football.
Unstructured interviews with 27 key personnel and participants in coach education in the north of England within a regional
“division” of the organization regulating English football (“The FA”) were conducted to explore the gendered construction
and enactment of football and coaching, and the framing of women-only (separatist) coaching courses. Critical discourse analysis
identified the deployment of discourses concerning the undermining of standards and the privileging of women as strategies
used to neutralize the significance of gender and previous gender discrimination, while re/producing the centrality of masculinity
for key definitions and identities.
This paper is based on Beth Fielding-Lloyd’s Ph.D. dissertation undertaken at the Centre for Human Communication, Manchester
Metropolitan University, UK under the supervision of Dr. Lindsey Mean. Authors are listed alphabetically. 相似文献
174.
Flaspohler P Duffy J Wandersman A Stillman L Maras MA 《American journal of community psychology》2008,41(3-4):182-196
Capacity is a complex construct that lacks definitional clarity. Little has been done to define capacity, explicate components
of capacity, or explore the development of capacity in prevention. This article represents an attempt to operationalize capacity
and distinguish among types and levels of capacity as they relate to dissemination and implementation through the use of a
taxonomy of capacity. The development of the taxonomy was informed by the capacity literature from two divergent models in
the field: research-to-practice (RTP) models and community-centered (CC) models. While these models differ in perspective
and focus, both emphasize the importance of capacity to the dissemination and sustainability of prevention innovations. Based
on the review of the literature, the taxonomy differentiates the concepts of capacity among two dimensions: level (individual, organizational, and community levels) and type (general capacity and innovation-specific capacity). The proposed taxonomy can aid in understanding the concept of capacity
and developing methods to support the implementation and sustainability of prevention efforts in novel settings. 相似文献
175.
Craske MG Waters AM Lindsey Bergman R Naliboff B Lipp OV Negoro H Ornitz EM 《Behaviour research and therapy》2008,46(8):954-967
Aversive conditioning and extinction were evaluated in children with anxiety disorders (n=23), at-risk for anxiety disorders (n=15), and controls (n=11). Participants underwent 16 trials of discriminative conditioning of two geometric figures, with (CS+) or without (CS-) an aversive tone (US), followed by 8 extinction trials (4 CS+, 4 CS-), and 8 extinction re-test trials averaging 2 weeks later. Skin conductance responses and verbal ratings of valence and arousal to the CS+/CS- stimuli were measured. Anxiety disordered children showed larger anticipatory and unconditional skin conductance responses across conditioning, and larger orienting and anticipatory skin conductance responses across extinction and extinction re-test, all to the CS+ and CS-, relative to controls. At-risk children showed larger unconditional responses during conditioning, larger orienting responses during the first block of extinction, and larger anticipatory responses during extinction re-test, all to the CS+ and CS-, relative to controls. Also, anxiety disordered children rated the CS+ as more unpleasant than the other groups. Elevated skin conductance responses to signals of threat (CS+) and signals of safety (CS-; CS+ during extinction) are discussed as features of manifestation of and risk for anxiety in children, compared to the specificity of valence judgments to the manifestation of anxiety. 相似文献
176.
Past research has demonstrated that the presence of attitudinal diversity within a person’s social network increases his or her openness to attitude change. The current research explores whether this increased openness to attitude change is the result of relatively thoughtful or nonthoughtful processes. A nationally representative sample of US adults was exposed to a counter-attitudinal persuasive message that contained either strong or weak arguments. Attitudinal diversity within participants’ social networks was associated with greater argument quality differentiation: people embedded in networks that included a variety of views were more likely than those in attitudinally homogenous networks to carefully scrutinize attitude-relevant information, modifying their attitudes in response to strong but not weak arguments. 相似文献
177.
A special issue of the Journal of Health Psychology (Vol. 7, No. 2, 2002) was reviewed. The articles covered a variety of qualitative studies conducted using an interpretive phenomenological analysis method to examine the interviews with people who had received genetic testing and counseling. Implications for the broader counseling field were also presented. 相似文献
178.
Karen L. Lawson 《Journal of applied social psychology》2003,33(1):76-90
This study examined whether judgments of deservedness of social aid subsequent to the birth of a disabled child vary as a function of prenatal diagnostic testing (PDT) use as predicted by the attribution‐affect‐action model (Weiner, 1980). A sample of family physicians/obstetricians (n= 341) and a university employee sample (n= 281) made attribution ratings in 3 scenarios in which an at‐risk pregnant woman gave birth to a disabled child. The findings indicate that women who chose not to use PDT or who chose to continue the pregnancy following a diagnosis were judged more responsible, more to blame, and less deserving of both sympathy and social aid subsequent to giving birth to a disabled child than were women to whom testing was not made available. 相似文献
179.
Catherine B. McClellan Lindsey L. Cohen Karen E. Joseph 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2003,10(4):231-238
The purpose of this study was to comprehensively describe infant procedural distress and pain across assessment modalities, and to compare similarities and differences across measures. A multimethod assessment of distress was conducted to investigate infants (N = 37) undergoing routine immunizations. Measures of infant distress included Parent report, nurse report, infant heart rate, and an observational measure of infant distress. Parents rated their infant's distress and pain significantly higher than did nurses. Observational and physiological ratings of infant distress were found to vary significantly by phase, and there were no correlations between adult ratings of pain and distress and physiological ratings. Findings suggest that infant procedural distress can be assessed in a number of manners. The discordance between these measures emphasizes the need for multimethod assessment of pediatric procedural distress in both research and clinical settings. Given the differences between parent and nurse ratings, clinicians should be aware that different assessment methods might lead to different conclusions about infant procedural distress. 相似文献