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561.
OBJECT SUBSTITUTION: 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Abstract —Can four dots that surround, but do not touch, a target shape act as a mask to reduce target discriminability? Although existing theories of metacontrast and pattern masking say "no." we report this occurs when targets appear in unpredictable locations. In three experiments, a four-dot mask was compared with a standard metacontrast mask that surrounded the target. Although accuracy was predictably different for the two masks at a central display location in Experiment I. both masks had similar strong effects on accuracy in parafoveal locations. Experiment 2 revealed that both four-dot and metacontrast masking were insensitive to contour proximity in parafoveal display locations, and Experiment 3 showed that four-dot masking could occur even at a central location if attention was distributed among several targets. We propose that targets in unattended locations are coded with low spotiotemporal resolution, leaving them vulnerable to substitution by the four dots when attention is directed to them. 相似文献
562.
The present paper is concerned with the role played by image content in the mediation of autonomic nervous system (ANS) arousal. The minimum methodological requirements of such studies are described including controls for imaging, image content, and expectancy effects. Studies meeting these requirements are then reviewed. It is concluded that image content can be a significant modifier of ANS arousal and that this property is not restricted to images containing affective, e.g., phobic, content. These conclusions have relevance to research into techniques such as biofeedback, Transcendental Meditation, and progressive relaxation, where imagery many have a profound influence but where it has received little direct empirical attentiol. 相似文献
563.
Vincent Di Lollo 《Behavior research methods》1979,11(4):419-421
Procedures are described for adjusting the intensity of computer-driven oscilloscopic displays. The adjustment maintains a fixed intensity level on different occasions and equates the brightness of brief stimuli displayed for different durations (i.e., compensates for the effects of time-intensity reciprocity). 相似文献
564.
565.
Lina Leander Sven Å Christianson Pär Anders Granhag 《Applied cognitive psychology》2008,22(9):1260-1274
The purpose of the present study was to investigate how adolescent girls, who had been sexually (on‐ and off‐line) deceived and abused by an Internet hebephile, reported about these acts. As we had access to documentation of 68 girls' conversations (i.e. chat logs) and involvement with the perpetrator, we were able to gauge what the victims reported during the police interview against this detailed documentation. In contrast with findings from previous research, the majority of victims reported about the off‐line activities (real‐life meetings) with the perpetrator. However, the victims omitted and/or denied more of the on‐line activities, specifically the more severe sexual on‐line acts (sending nude photos and participating in sexual web shows). There is probably a gap between what the victims reported and what they presumably remembered about the on‐line activities. Factors that might have affected the victims' pattern of reports are discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
566.
567.
The aim of the present study was to take an in-depth look at the role of fluid intelligence, personality traits and emotional intelligence (both ability-based and self-reported) in predicting scholastic success, verifying the existence of incremental validity of emotional intelligence with respect to fluid intelligence and personality variables. One hundred twenty-four students attending the last two years of high school were administered: the Advanced Progressive Matrices, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised Short Form, the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test, the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory: Short. The results demonstrate the influence exercised by fluid intelligence, personality and emotional intelligence on scholastic success, underlining, in particular, the role of emotional intelligence defined according to the ability-based model. 相似文献
568.
本研究探讨了不同案件类型、不同性别及给予不同的事件后信息对目击证言的影响,征集了男女大学生被试101名,进行了实验研究,研究结果如下:(1)以主体信息的记忆成绩为因变量,性别、案件类型和事件后信息为白变量,得出案件类型主效应显著,事件后信息的主效应显著,性别主效应以及各因素的交互作用都不显著;(2)以情境信息的记忆成绩为因变量,性别、案件类型和事件后信息为自变量,得出事件后信息主效应显著,案件类型和事件后信息之间交互作用效应显著;(3)不同性别、接受不同案件信息的被试对不同信息记忆的确信程度有所不同. 相似文献
569.
为了解流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)患儿血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、S-100蛋白(S-100)、髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)含量变化及其临床意义,用酶联免疫吸附法检测100例乙脑患儿血清NSE、S-100、MBP含量变化。结果显示,乙脑组患儿血清NSE、S-100、MBP含量与对照组比较显著增高(P均〈0.01),增高程度与病情严重程度相平行(P〈0.01)。因此,血清NSE、S-100、MBP含量测定对乙脑患儿脑损伤严重程度及临床预后判断有重要参考价值。 相似文献
570.
Christian N. L. Olivers Thomas M. Spalek Jun-Ichiro Kawahara Vincent Di Lollo 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》2009,16(1):214-218
The authors have argued elsewhere that the attentional blink (AB; i.e., reduced target detection shortly after presentation
of an earlier target) arises from blocked or disrupted perceptual input in response to distractors presented between the targets.
When targets replace the intervening distractors, so that three targets (T1, T2, and T3) are presented sequentially, performance
on T2 and T3 improves. Dux, Asplund, and Marois (2008) argued that T3 performance improves at the expense of T1, and thus
provides evidence for resource depletion. They showed that when T1 is made more salient (and presumably draws more resources),
an AB for T3 appears to reemerge. These findings can be better explained, however, by (1) the relationship between T1 and
T2 (not T1 and T3) and (2) differential salience for T3 in the long-lag condition of Dux et al.’s study. In conclusion, the
Dux et al. study does not present a severe challenge to input control theories of the AB. 相似文献