环境正义德性论

环境正义德性是环境正义原则、规范内化为人的内在品格,从而使个体达到自觉追求人——自然——社会的和谐,真正实现类本质而成为类存在的一种精神样态。从环境正义德性的蕴涵就可以看出,环境正义德性的价值包括两方面:自我价值与社会价值。环境正义德性的自我价值是指环境正义德性本身就是一种内在价值,即类主体自身的价值。环境正义德性的社会价值是指环境正义德性的外显价值,即对人——自然——社会和谐的类结构价值。为了塑造环境正义德性,我们需要通过环境意识之真、环境正义之善、环境感受之美教育,对主体人格进行精心培育,使主体人真正形成自觉、自律、自由的类意识,使主体人树立以人为本的环境价值观,最终促成环境正义德性的养成。     

西方志愿者行为研究述评

志愿者行为是在组织背景下, 个体经过深思熟虑之后, 自愿对主动寻求帮助的对象实施的一种长期且无偿的帮助行为; 其形成和发展可以用功能理论、特质理论和多因素模型来解释。志愿者行为的测量工具主要有志愿功能量表、志愿精神问卷和志愿者行为问卷。研究者对人口统计学特征、人格变量、动机变量及组织因素等志愿者行为的前因变量及志愿者身心健康、社会收益等志愿者行为的结果变量的探讨比较深入, 但在概念明晰、理论整合、测量工具、取样探索等方面还有待进一步研究。     

认知语言学视角下的中医典籍翻译

中医翻译不仅是一种语际活动,更是译者积极的思维认知活动,翻译的全过程包涵了译者与现实的互动体验与认知.基于认知语言学的翻译观,探讨了认知理论在中医英语翻译中的应用,并通过时中医术语及中医典籍<伤寒论>译文的分析,证明在中医文化传递中主体的认知体验对于语义选择的重要性.     

中国背景下员工建言行为结构及中庸思维对其的影响

企业的自主创新离不开员工的自发性和创造性, 员工建言行为研究因此愈加受到重视。本研究拟探索中国背景下企业员工建言行为的结构(研究一), 并检验中国人的典型思维特征－中庸思维与中国背景建言行为的关系(研究二)。研究一通过对长三角地区30名企业员工的访谈提取建言行为关键事件, 编制初始问卷, 再通过对159名被试的探索性因素分析, 抽取出顾全大局式和自我冒进式两个建言行为维度; 另一批159名被试的验证性因素分析结果进一步证实了该结构。研究二以278份配对员工为样本, 层次回归分析结果表明, 中庸思维与顾全大局式建言存在正相关, 与自我冒进式建言存在负相关, 且授权对中庸思维与两类建言行为之间关系存在着调节作用。     

Sports spectator behavior: a test of the theory of planned behavior

The theory of planned behavior has been applied to sports and exercise behaviors. According to this theory, human intention to take action in a specific context is guided by three antecedents: attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. Behavioral intention mediates the relationships between these three considerations and its ultimate performance. However, this theory has seldom been applied to the behaviors of spectators of sporting events. A sample of 269 volleyball spectators in Taiwan was studied to examine whether people's intention mediated their attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control toward a given behavior, watching the 2010 Fédération Internationale de Volleyball World Grand Prix in Taipei. Regression analyses did not support behavioral intention as a mediator. This result is discussed in the context of planned behavior.     

Taiwanese adolescents' perceptions and attitudes regarding the internet: exploring gender differences

The purpose of this study was to explore adolescents' perceptions and attitudes regarding the Internet, by gender. Data were collected from 636 high school students in Taiwan. It was found that male adolescents perceived the Internet more as a "toy," while female adolescents perceived the Internet more as a "technology," "tool" or "tour." Results indicated that females held more pragmatic views of the Internet, whereas males believed they could obtain more enjoyment from the Internet. In addition, males expressed significantly more positive attitudes than did females on two aspects of the Internet: usefulness and perceived control. However, no significant gender differences were found in terms of the affection and behavior aspects of using the Internet. More importantly, females tended to show higher Internet self-efficacy than did males. It is suggested that gender differences regarding the Internet might be narrowing because female adolescents are acquiring more experience with it.     

骨科疾病诊治中的临床思维

医学哲学是对医学科学成就总的概括,并以此为基础探讨生命活动和病程的一般规律,研究医学科学的思维方式,直至疾病预防、诊断治疗。同时研究辩证规律和范畴在医学科学中的表现,从而指导骨科医师解决在骨科疾病诊治中遇到的诸多问题,并有助于形成正确的临床思维。结合临床工作体会,探讨医学哲学在骨科疾病诊治临床思维中的应用。     

Verbal and cognitive distractors in driving performance while using hands-free phones

This study investigated the effect of different types of distractions related to use of a hands-free phone on driving performance. The study used three types of verbal distractors: casual conversation, simple arithmetic number guessing, and number adding, in the phone conversation. 12 adults were instructed to follow a lead vehicle on a closed-course highway in a fixed-based driving simulator. The results showed that use of a hands-free cellular phone involving verbal and cognitive distractions impaired driving performance and skill. Types of distraction produced significantly different effects on several dependent variables: the driving speed, headway (distance between the lead car and the manipulated car), brake reaction time, and number of collisions with the lead car. In general, the higher the cognitive load involved in the dialogue, the worse the driving performance.