A Deterministic Weakening of Belnap–Dunn Logic

Studia Logica - A deterministic weakening $$\mathsf {DW}$$ of the Belnap–Dunn four-valued logic $$\mathsf {BD}$$ is introduced to formalize the acceptance and rejection of a proposition at a...     

Worsen depression after viscosupplementation treatment for geriatric people with knee osteoarthritis?

Background/objective: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) in older people may result in psychological impairment, including anxiety and depression. This study investigates the effect of intraarticular hyaluronic acid injection (IAHA) on geriatric patients with OA. Method: A total of 102 geriatric patients with knee OA undergoing IAHA were prospectively enrolled in this study. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Evaluation Form (IKDC), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain were recorded. All outcomes were measured at baseline before injection and during two, four, and six month follow-ups. Results: IAHA had a significant short-term effect, relieving pain at the two month follow-up, but the effect was weaker at the four month follow-up. Both IKDC and WOMAC scores were significantly improved at the two month follow-up. Viscosupplementation did not improve STAI. GDS exhibited significant deterioration at the four month follow-up. Conclusions: Although IAHA for the treatment of OA provided short-term efficiency, it had no effects on anxiety and increased depression of geriatric people. Health education should be provided with caution before viscosupplementation treatment to manage expectations of the efficacy of treatment for geriatric OA patients.     

伍德对胡萨米:马克思和正义问题之争

伍德与胡萨米关于马克思是否批判资本主义为不正义之争是一场富有启发性的论争。本文从三个方面对这场论争做了简要的述评：(1)马克思批判资本主义社会是否基于某种正义观?(2)马克思是否认为资本主义剥削是不正义的?(3)在马克思的视野中,共产主义是否是一个正义社会?     

西方传教士与十九世纪福州的茶叶贸易

福州成为近代五口通商口岸之一是与西方列强对茶叶的大量需求以及要急于展开对福建的茶叶贸易分不开的。在福州开埠前后,基督教传教士发挥了重要的作用。随着福州茶市的日益兴盛,传教士与茶叶贸易间的关系愈来愈密切,触角从单纯传播福音开始延伸至与茶叶相关的经济活动,其身份也出现了微妙的变化。本文拟对西方传教士与福州茶港开埠以及与茶叶贸易及商务的相互关系与影响等作一探讨,以期引起学术界对传教士与中国近代经济活动关系问题研究的重视。     

"白黑之争"及其对"缘起性空"说的误解

"白黑之争"是南朝刘宋时代儒家与佛教在哲学领域中的一次重要争论,其代表作是慧琳的<白黑论>.从有关争论来看,无论是反对佛教因果报应说的一方还是支持佛教的一方,对于佛教般若学中的"有谛"和"无谛"的本意都未能透彻地了解,这说明了印度大乘空宗哲学这种异质文化因子在当时还处在"格义"的阶段,多有误解.虽然在东晋十六国时代的僧肇已经比较准确地把握和阐释了般若"空"的本义,但佛教般若学那种"非有非无,非非有非非无"的思辩逻辑对于中土来说毕竟是陌生的,也是难以接受的.     

中学生空间认知能力结构的研究

以510名中学生为被试,采用自编的《空间认知能力倾向成套测验》,考察了中学生空间认知能力的结构特点。结果表明：(1)在中学生被试的空间认知能力结构中,主要包括图形分解／组合能力、数学关系形象化表达能力、心理旋转能力、空间意识能力、空间定向能力、图形特征记忆能力和图形特征抽象／概括能力等成分;(2)在初中生与高中生的空间认知能力结构中,大部分成分是相同的,但这些成分在各自结构中的重要性程度却不相同。     

印象管理者的反应时：快还是慢

本研究回顾了自我报告测量中印象管理反应的三种模式,采用印象粉饰量表为新的效标对“采用图式模型”进行验证,发现印象粉饰的程度越高,被试对积极词的反应时与对消极词的反应时相差愈大。     

四则混合运算规则的样例学习

采用有或无“运算步骤标记”两种样例和“交互式”样例呈现方式,对48名二年级小学生通过样例学习四则混合运算规则进行了实验。结果表明,多数被试可以通过样例学会“小括号”和“中括号”四则混合运算规则,但多数被试难以学会“无括号”四则混合运算规则;运算步骤标记对学习“无括号”运算规则的促进作用明显,但对学习“小括号”运算规则的促进作用不明显;运算规则学习的难度不同,所需样例的数量也不同。     

近年来国内皮尔士研究概述

皮尔士(Charles Sanders Peirce,1839～1914)是美国实用主义的创始人,他对实用主义的产生和发展有着无可替代的作用.然而,皮尔士的思想并不仅仅体现在对实用主义思潮的贡献上.