壮族大学生一位数字词的SNARC效应

本研究以壮族大学生为被试,要求他们对壮语、汉语听觉数字词(实验一)或汉语、英语视觉数字词(实验二)进行奇偶判断。结果发现：(1)壮族大学生对汉语、壮语听觉数字词以及汉语、英语视觉数字词都表现出了SNARC效应。(2)数字词在听觉条件下和视觉条件下产生的SNARC效应的强度相当。(3)书写习惯也影响到壮语听觉数字的SNARC效应的方向。     

类别学习中的认知学习机制

采用归类任务,比较不同知识条件、不同特征呈现方式下,对非定义特征维度的掌握,验证类别学习的认知学习机制。结果发现对非定义特征维度的掌握,在样例特征固定位置呈现条件下较多,而在样例特征随机呈现条件下较少;在知识定义特征维度条件下较多,而在机械定义特征维度条件下较少。研究结果支持了类别学习的认知学习机制。     

The relationship between DRM and misinformation false memories

This research investigated the relationship between false memories induced by two different paradigms (misinformation and Deese–Roediger–McDermott [DRM]). The misinformation effect refers to the phenomenon that a person’s recollection of a witnessed event can be altered after exposure to misleading information about the event. DRM false memory represents the intrusion of words that are semantically related but not actually presented in the study session. Subjects (N = 432) completed both misinformation and DRM false memory tests. Results showed a small but significant correlation (r = .12, p = .02) between the misinformation and DRM false memories. Furthermore, using signal detection theory, we found that the discrimination ability index (d′) was related to both the misinformation and DRM false memories (r = ?.12 and ?.13, p = .01), while the response bias was related only to DRM false memory (r = ?.46, p < .001). These results suggest that misinformation and DRM false memories generally involve different mechanisms and that their shared mechanism may involve the global discrimination ability.     

Delinquency Among Chinese Adolescents: Modeling Sources of Frustration and Gender Differences

This study explores the relationship between strain and delinquency participation among Chinese adolescents. Using survey reports of over 1,700 middle-school students in Fuzhou, China, the study yielded results consistent with expectations. First, a significant relationship is observed between reports of overall strain and delinquency after controlling for common correlates. Further, adolescents in Fuzhou, China are more likely to engage in delinquency in response to strain over status achievement. Finally, whereas boys are more susceptible to status-related frustration, girls are more responsive to strain over physical well-being. These results are discussed in light of sociocultural expectations pertinent to adolescents in Mainland China.     

空间转换在记叙文阅读情境模型建构中的作用

采用探测词和事件分割范式探讨了空间转换与事件转换分离的情况下, 空间转换在记叙文情境模型建构中的作用。实验1a重复前人研究, 探讨空间转换对阅读时间和情境模型更新的影响, 并验证在空间转换对情境模型的影响的研究中, 采用多指标探测范式的合理性。实验1b探讨在空间转换与事件转换相分离的条件下, 空间转换对情境模型更新的影响; 实验2a探讨空间转换对事件分割的影响, 并验证在空间转换对情境模型的影响的研究中, 采用事件分割范式的合理性; 实验2b探讨空间转换与事件转换相分离的条件下, 空间转换对事件分割的影响, 从而验证空间转换对情境模型更新的影响。结果表明, 当空间转换与事件转换相分离时, 不引起情境模型的更新, 事件单元是建构记叙文心理表征的核心单元, 空间转换只有在标识事件转换的情况下, 才能引发读者更新情境模型。     

A Forgiveness Intervention for Taiwanese Young Adults with Insecure Attachment

In this study we tested the effectiveness of a forgiveness intervention for young adults with insecure attachment to their mothers. Twenty-seven students from four universities in Taiwan were recruited and assigned to either a forgiveness intervention or an alternative treatment control group. Dependent measures were administered at pretest, posttest, and 8-week follow-up. Within-group analyses demonstrated the participants in the forgiveness intervention showed greater improvement on measures of attachment security, forgiveness, trait anxiety, hope, and self-esteem than the participants in the alternative treatment group. Effect sizes were in the medium to large range. Implications for research and practice with families are discussed.     

Family Therapy in China

This paper aims to provide an overview of the family therapy in mainland China, by analyzing its development, current situation and future directions. The authors argue that the history of family therapy can be understood as three stages: introductory stage from 1985 to 1994, “blossoming” stage from 1995 to 2004, and “fast growing” stage from 2005 to present. In every stage, we can see clear differences in each of the following fields: training (including training programs in universities and workshops held by companies or institutes), academics (including research articles, professional books and conferences), and general public environment (including media and policies). We also outline the development of China’s first university system family therapy training program as an example and evidence of family therapy’s significant present and future development in mainland China. Based on this, we highlight some points for future improvement in family therapy in mainland China, including developing indigenous theories and practice models, reinforcing training and research programs in university systems, and improving accreditation standard for all family therapists.     

大型公立医院网络信息公开路径的探讨

新医改方案强调医疗行业公益性和公平性,公开医务信息是对人民群众健康高度负责的体现.以自办网站为例,分6个方向、22项内容调查了123家大型公立医院的医务信息公开情况.结果表明,公立医院应按对象、种类、内容等分步骤、有策略地提高信息透明度,达到促进医院科学发展、医学进步的目的.     

广州青年白领主观幸福感与心理健康的影响因素分析

目的:探究人口学变量、情景性因素和人格特质因素对广州青年白领主观幸福感和心理健康的影响。方法:对广州市政府、企事业单位340名青年白领进行问卷调查。结果:(1)广州青年白领积极人格特质处于中上水平,生活满意度处于中下水平。(2)情景性因素和特质性因素与广州青年白领主观幸福感和心理健康密切相关。(3)阶层回归分析表明,性别、压力知觉、社会支持和乐观是广州青年白领主观幸福感的显著预测变量,而心理健康的显著预测变量是乐观和社会支持。结论:广州青年白领对生活状况不甚满意,但对自我评价积极、乐观向上,对未来充满希望,并且情景性因素和特质因素对广州青年白领的主观幸福感和心理健康有不同的预测作用。     

The topological approach to perceptual organization

To address the fundamental question of “what are the primitives of visual perception”, a theory of topological structure and functional hierarchy in visual perception has been proposed. This holds that the global nature of perceptual organization can be described in terms of topological invariants, global topological perception is prior to the perception of other featural properties, and the primitives of visual form perception are geometric invariants at different levels of structural stability. In Part I of this paper, I will illustrate why and how the topological approach to perceptual organization has been advanced. In Part II, I will provide empirical evidence supporting the early topological perception, while answering some commonly considered counteraccounts. In Part III, to complete the theory, I will apply the mathematics of tolerance spaces to describe global properties in discrete sets. In Part IV, I will further present experimental data to demonstrate the global-to-local functional hierarchy in form perception, which is stratified with respect to structural stability defined by Klein's Erlangen Program. Finally, in Part V, I will discuss relations of the global-to-local topological model to other theories: The topological approach reformulates both classical Gestalt holism and Gibson's direct perception of invariance, while providing a challenge to computational approaches to vision based on the local-to-global assumption.