Impact of Ethnic Identity and Ethnic Relevance of Health Information on Asian Americans' Preferences for E‐Health Agents

Ethnic identity tends to predict same‐ethnicity preference. However, very little research has tested the impact of ethnic identity across messages that bear distinct relevance with different groups. In Experiment 1, Asian American participants read 4 pieces of disease‐related information presented by 2 Asian and 2 White agents on a computer. Both strong and weak ethnic identifiers gave higher credibility ratings of the agents when the agents' ethnicity matched with ethnic relevance of the information. Experiment 2 assessed ethnicity preference by allowing participants to choose agents for 4 healthy‐food Websites and also found the agent–information matching pattern. Ethnic identity did not have an effect. The findings are discussed within a framework that contrasts a social‐identity orientation and an external‐content orientation.     

第二语言句子加工的ERP研究

研究者对第一语言句子加工的事件相关电位(ERP)进行研究,提出了句子加工三阶段模型及对应的ERP成分。第二语言(L2)句子加工的ERP研究结果很不一致。首先,从句子加工的ERP反应模式上来看,大多数研究发现L2学习者的ERP反应模式和母语者有质的差异,少数研究发现L2学习者加工L2句子的ERP模式类似母语者,但其反应的时间进程、波幅或分布与母语者有显著差异。被试的学习年龄、熟练程度以及学习者的两种语言的相似性程度可能是影响第二语言句子加工ERP反应的主要因素。     

宗教与考古的精彩交融——《中国道教考古》首发式侧记

半个多世纪以来,随着田野考古的大规模开展,我国陕西、河南、河北、山西、山东、甘肃、新疆、青海、四川、重庆、贵州、湖北、湖南、江西、江苏、上海、安徽、福建、广东、广西等地发现和出土了数以千计的与古代道教活动有关的汉代至明代道教遗存,如镇墓瓶、斗瓶、镜、剑、印章、钱币、道教造像碑、石刻、买地券、镇墓文、镇墓石、简牍、写纸、陶瓷器、金银器、药物、烧炼用具设备等遗物,以及宫观建筑、摩崖造像、壁画、墓葬等遗迹,种类繁多,内容复杂,数量巨大。这些道教遗存,有的主要分布于南方地区,有的则只见于北方地区,有的在南方地区和…     

佛教与社会:佛使比丘与当代泰国公民-文化身份的重构

20世纪早期以来,泰国佛教传统日益遭受到西方文明和现代性的巨大冲击。如何重新塑造自身作为佛教徒的文化身份成为现代泰国公民的一个重要问题。佛使比丘(Buddhadasa Bhikkhu)对佛教与世俗生活的关系、佛教与政治社会的关系、佛教与其他宗教的关系等问题进行了创造性地解答,一方面为现代泰国公民-文化身份的重构提供了重要的思想基础,另一方面也仍然体现出公民与文化身份之间的张力。     

提取抑制对错误记忆的影响

该研究探讨提取抑制能否减少错误记忆的发生.以自编的DRM词表为实验材料,实验1采用有意遗忘范式（有意抑制）,实验2采用部分线索效应范式（无意抑制）.实验1结果发现：关键诱饵在“记住”条件下的错误回忆成绩显著高于“遗忘”条件下的错误回忆成绩;学过项目在“记住”条件下的正确回忆成绩显著高于“遗忘”条件下的正确回忆成绩.实验2结果发现：关键诱饵在“无部分线索”条件下的错误回忆成绩显著高于“部分线索”条件下的错误回忆成绩;学过项目在“无部分线索”条件下的正确回忆成绩显著高于“部分线索”条件下的正确回忆成绩.研究结果提示：有意和无意两种提取抑制都可以降低错误记忆,结果支持基于激活与监测的双加工理论的观点.     

Is expressive suppression an effective coping strategy? A study of Chinese rescue medical staff following an earthquake

The current study examined the function of expressive suppression among Chinese rescue medical staff following a major earthquake. We administered self‐report questionnaires to (1) a sample of Chinese hospital medical staff (n = 305) who assisted victims of the Sichuan earthquake, and (2) a second sample of Chinese hospital medical staff (n = 149) who had not been exposed to a major stressor. To examine possible interaction effects among differing emotion regulation strategies, we also conducted structured interviews with a subset of rescue medical staff to obtain support for a positive function of expressive suppression and a mediating role of positive reappraisal. Structural equation modelling indicated that expressive suppression was associated with higher levels of job engagement and lower levels of job burnout among the rescue medical staff and that these effects were mediated by positive reappraisal. However, for regular medical staff (not exposed to traumatic stress), expressive suppression was associated with higher levels of both job engagement and job burnout; these effects were mediated by acceptance. These results provide preliminary evidence for the positive role of expressive suppression within Chinese culture.     

Longitudinal examination of the role of goal orientation in cross-cultural adjustment

In this longitudinal study, the authors introduced goal orientation theory to the study of cross-cultural adjustment. The authors examined relationships among dispositional goal orientation, domain-specific self-efficacy, and cross-cultural adjustment. Results indicated that a learning orientation was positively related to sojourners' academic and social self-efficacy, whereas a performance orientation was negatively related to sojourners' social self-efficacy. Sojourners' academic and social self-efficacy were positively related to academic and social adjustment, respectively. A learning orientation was positively related to academic and social adjustment, and the relationship was mediated by self-efficacy. A performance orientation was not related to adjustment. Finally, academic adjustment was positively related to grade point average. The authors discussed implications for research and practices.     

恒河猴对数多少概念的高次抽象判断

本实验训练三只恒河猴在多个非概念性和多种概念性的符号线索指令下,对同时呈现的从2到7三个数目刺激的多少概念进行高次抽象判断。一只被试猴学会了在三种符号线索交替指令下能对多、中、少作出正确的选择判断,出色完成全部程序的13个训练课题,其他两只猴成绩差些。本实验进一步证实了恒河猴具有抽象的数多少概念。实验还表明恒河猴能对中间数值作出正确判断,说明动物具有客观对象量值的序列概念。实验中符号线索实际上是语汇性符号,具有指代意义,在这种抽象符号指令下的数多少概念判断是更高层次的抽象判断。     

儿童运动行距预测能力的发展及影响因素

采用计算机软件控制实验,以三种不同运动速度、四种不同运动行距组合呈现的光点运动为刺激物,每次光点在暴露运动一段行程后进入遮蔽,要求儿童判断光点到达目标位置时按键反应。主要结果表明：（１）儿童运动行距预测能力的发展表现为５─８岁和１２─１９岁两个加速期及８─１２岁一个过渡期的发展模式。但在过渡期内,儿童的预测误差偏向有显著变化;（２）客体运动速度对儿童运动行距预测操作精度有显著影响,慢速下精度较高;（３）客体运动行距、被试性别并不影响儿童的行距预测操作;（４）５岁、１２岁与１９岁儿童多倾向于超前反应。     

恒河猴数相加能力的初步研究

本实验训练恒河猴对两组其和不超过8的刺激实体(卡片上的黑色圆点)进行相加,再与第三组刺激实体进行数多少的比较判断。实验共有9个训练程序,课题逐次由易到难,刺激的数目也由少到多。有一只恒河猴达到了全部9个程序的训练标准。证明恒河猴的确具有学会把两个数进行相加的能力。这种相加不可能是数数的结果,极可能是在知觉上将它们融合或接合在一起。