小学儿童在空间概念中的内隐学习实验研究

本研究以一、三、五年级小学儿童为被试,探查小学儿童在不同学习模式下空间概念的发展情况。研究结果如下:(1)不同学习模式下,儿童的认知发展呈现不同的趋势;(2)随认知任务难度的增加,不同学习模式的成绩出现差异;(3)不同学习模式下,不同难度任务的成绩存在差异。     

6至12岁儿童自立行为的研究

本研究在文献分析的基础上,通过临床访谈、开放式问卷调查等方法,构建了我国小学生自立行为的理论维度,并据此编制了小学生自立行为问卷。对问卷进行探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析后表明:小学生自立行为是一个二维度、多层次的结构。小学生自立行为问卷的因素结构清晰,信度和效度较好,可以作为评鉴我国小学生自立行为的有效工具。     

品牌熟悉对广告过程中品牌态度改变的影响

文章通过分析广告前后被试者品牌态度的变化,研究了在不同的广告态度和信息相关度条件下被试者品牌熟悉程度对品牌态度变化的影响。结果显示品牌熟悉程度对品牌态度变化的调节作用并非单向的,而是与广告态度和信息相关度交互产生作用的。当被试者不熟悉品牌且有正面的广告态度时或当被试者不熟悉品牌且信息相关度较低时广告才能产生说服效果,进而使被试者的品牌态度发生改变。     

华人社会中的自谦初探

通过对典籍的梳理初步探讨了华人社会中自谦的内涵、实质和运作模式。自谦可能包涵“守弱处柔”、“卑己尊人”、“恭允克让”和“恭敬有实”四个方面。自谦的实质涉及“和合”、“远耻”、“隐显”;自谦包括“功利性”和“真诚性”两个因素,体现在“淡泊超脱—刻意功利”与“直率真诚—婉转伪饰”两个维度上。以这两个维度为基础的“谦礼”、“谦敬”、“谦卑”和“谦忍”可能是华人社会自谦的主要运作模式。     

当代大学生自比型价值观数据的潜在结构

本研究对采自3796名在校大学生的Rokeach Value Survey自比型数据进行了因素分析和多维尺度分析。因素分析从两组价值观选项中分别获得6个双极因素,虽然内容各不相同,但均体现出个人指向-亲社会指向的特点。多维尺度分析所获得的两组选项的2维空间距离分布结果也体现类似特点,结果显示终极性价值观可分为四类,工具性价值观可分为五类。当前大学生价值观中存在着舒适的物质生活、兴奋的生活、幸福、快乐和自尊以及雄心壮志的、勇敢的和诚实的等个人取向内容占优势的可能性。在两种分析方法中,多维尺度分析更适合对自比型价值观数据潜在结构的探究。     

霍布斯的两副面孔:施米特、施特劳斯论霍布斯

施米特和施特劳斯认为现代社会潜藏着一种巨大的危机--现代性危机.他们在对现代性危机的研究中,几乎一致认为霍布斯对此应负有不可推卸的责任,即霍布斯的思想奠基或者说推动了现代性危机的产生和发展.但施米特和施特劳斯分别从政治神学和政治哲学的视角审视霍布斯,从而使得霍布斯呈现出了两幅不同的面孔,即政治神学家和政治哲学家.     

Initial Validation of the Children’s Worry Management Scale

We investigated the psychometric properties of a new instrument, the Children’s Worry Management Scale (CWMS). The CWMS has three subscales that specify methods of regulating worry: inhibition (the suppression of worry), dysregulation (exaggerated displays of worry), and coping (constructive ways of managing worry). Using a Caucasian, middle-class sample of 214 children (M = 9 years, 1 month), Study 1 provides reliability and validity data through patterns of correlations to parent- and child-completed measures of emotion management and behavioral problems. Internal consistencies range from .69 to .74. Study 2 establishes discriminant validity by demonstrating that the CWMS Dysregulation and Coping subscales differentiated, in the expected directions, between a group of children (n = 27) with DSM-IV anxiety diagnoses and a control group of children with no psychological disorders.     

On the Contextual Turn in the Tokugawa Japanese Interpretation of the Confucian Classics: Types and Problems

This article discusses the “contextual turn” in the interpretation of Chinese classics: the contextuality of Confucian classics in China was latent, tacit, and almost imperceptible; however, it became salient and explicit once the Confucian classics were introduced to Tokugawa Japan. Many a Japanese Confucian took ideas and values expressed in the Chinese classics and transplanted them into the context of Japanese politics and thoughts, in light of which the Japanese scholars staked out new interpretations of the classics. This “contextual turn” involved issues of two levels: the material political order (especially the Chinese-barbarian distinction) and the abstract political thought (especially the ruler-subject relation). It is pointed out that the Chinese empire was the Japanese Confucians’ “political foreign country” and “cultural homeland,” and the tension was evidenced by their interpretations of the term “Zhong’guo” appearing in the Confucian classics. The usual strategy adopted by the Japanese Confucians in interpreting Chinese classics was to “de-contextualize” them and then to “re-contextualize” them in their own Japanese environment.     

当代中学生与其父母价值观的异同

本研究以一个完整家庭(包括父亲、母亲、子女)为单位,基于施瓦茨的价值观理论,对上海及其周边中小城市、农村的107个14-17周岁的在校中学生家庭进行了价值观调查。在考察子女与其父母价值观差异的同时,运用多元回归分析探索当代中学生与父母价值观的相似性。结果表明,父母双方与子女价值观存在较大差异,其中母亲与子女的价值观差异更大;但子女与父母在集体主义价值观维度上表现出显著的相似性。