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Lanny Fields Robert Travis Deborah Roy Eytan Yadlovker Liliane de Aguiar‐Rocha Peter Sturmey 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2009,42(3):575-593
Many students struggle with statistical concepts such as interaction. In an experimental group, participants took a paper‐and‐pencil test and then were given training to establish equivalent classes containing four different statistical interactions. All participants formed the equivalence classes and showed maintenance when probes contained novel negative exemplars. Thereafter, participants took a second paper‐and‐pencil test. Participants in the control group received two versions of the paper‐and‐pencil test without equivalence‐based instruction. All participants in the experimental group showed increased paper‐and‐pencil test scores after forming the interaction‐indicative equivalence classes. Class‐indicative responding also generalized to novel exemplars and the novel question format used in the paper‐and‐pencil test. Test scores did not change with repetition for control group participants. Implications for behavioral diagnostics and teaching technology are discussed. 相似文献
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Bernard?LétéEmail author Liliane?Sprenger-Charolles Pascale?Colé 《Behavior research methods》2004,36(1):156-166
This article presents MANULEX, a Web-accessible database that provides grade-level word frequency lists of nonlemmatized and
lemmatized words (48,886 and 23,812 entries, respectively) computed from the 1.9 million words taken from 54 French elementary
school readers. Word frequencies are provided for four levels: first grade (G1), second grade (G2), third to fifth grades
(G3-5), and all grades (G1-5). The frequencies were computed following the methods describedby Carroll, Davies, and Richman
(1971) and Zeno, Ivenz, Millard, and Duwuri (1995), with four statistics at each level (F, overall word frequency;D, index of dispersion across the selectedreaders;U, estimated frequencyper million words; andSFI, standard frequency index). The database also provides the number of letters in the word and syntactic category information.
MANULEX is intended to be a useful tool for studying language development through the selection of stimuli based on precise
frequency norms. Researchers in artificial intelligence can also use it as a source of information on natural language processing
to simulate written language acquisition in children. Finally, it may serve an educational purpose by providing basic vocabulary
lists. 相似文献
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Liliane Weissberg Ph.D. 《Psychoanalytic Inquiry》2013,33(1):5-26
Why did “Dora” leave Sigmund Freud—why did she end her psychoanalytic treatment with him prematurely? This question haunts Freud's Dora study, his first extensive and perhaps most famous narrative of a psychoanalytic treatment. I pursue this question through a close reading of Freud's text. I focus not only on the interaction between Freud and Dora but also on the literary qualities of “Fragment of an Analysis of a Case of Hysteria” (1905)—qualities that place this work firmly in the tradition of Viennese fin de siècle drama and prose. 相似文献
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