排序方式: 共有50条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
A qualitative research is presented to explore sources of psychosocial distress, expressive idioms, coping strategies, resilience resources, and experiences of mental-health services in Filipino, Sao Tomean and Indo-Mozambican migrant working mothers settled in Portugal. Findings suggest that shared gender roles and working conditions do not lead to similar modes of expressing mental distress. Particular manifestations take on cultural meanings in relation to specific vulnerabilities and stressors. Despite their higher level of psychosocial distress, these migrant mothers make little use of mental-health services. Comparative analysis has brought to light how religious participation provides them with a variety of expressive and coping resources that support and guarantee the fulfilment of their gender and mothering responsibilities, thus triggering desired changes that affect the lives of their children and families in both the short and long term. 相似文献
42.
Previous research has suggested that overt hostility against sexual minorities is associated with decrements in their well-being.
However, subtler forms of heterosexism and their potential effects have been overlooked, heterosexuals have not been asked
how they fare in a heterosexist environment, and no research has examined whether women and men might respond differently
to heterosexism. Data from 3,128 northwestern US university students (representing all sexual orientations) address these
gaps. Approximately 40% reported experiences of heterosexist harassment (HH) in the past year, and those who encountered both
ambient and personal HH reported worse psychological and academic well-being than those who encountered no HH. Similar patterns
of findings held for sexual minorities and heterosexuals, and for women and men.
This paper is based on a presentation given at the American Psychological Association Convention in Toronto, Ontario in August
2003. 相似文献
43.
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review - The status of thematic roles such as Agent and Patient in cognitive science is highly controversial: To some they are universal components of core knowledge, to... 相似文献
44.
Alicia M. del Prado A. Timothy Church Marcia S. Katigbak Lilia G. Miramontes Monica T. Whitty Guy J. Curtis José de Jesús Vargas-Flores Joselina Ibáñez-Reyes Fernando A. Ortiz Jose Alberto S. Reyes 《Journal of research in personality》2007
Three theoretical perspectives on cultural universals and differences in the content of self-concepts were tested in individualistic (United States, n = 178; Australia, n = 112) and collectivistic (Mexico, n = 157; Philippines, n = 138) cultures, using three methods of self-concept assessment. Support was found for both trait perspectives and the individual–self-primacy hypothesis. In contrast, support for cultural psychology hypotheses was limited because traits and other personal attributes were not more salient, or social attributes less salient, in individualistic cultures than collectivistic cultures. The salience of some aspects of self-concept depended on the method of assessment, calling into question conclusions based on monomethod studies. 相似文献
45.
Ramírez-Lugo L Miranda MI Escobar ML Espinosa E Bermúdez-Rattoni F 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2003,79(2):184-193
A number of studies have implicated cholinergic activity in the mediation of learning and memory processes. However, the specific role of muscarinic receptors in memory formation mechanisms is less known. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of muscarinic antagonist M2 presynaptic receptor, AFDX-116 (0.5mM) and M1 and M3 post-synaptic receptor pirenzepine (100mM), as well as a non-selective muscarinic antagonist, scopolamine (136mM), in the insular cortex (IC) during acquisition and retrieval of conditioned taste aversion (CTA). In addition, we evaluate the effects of those antagonists in cortical ACh release by in vivo microdialysis and the effects on the induction of in vivo LTP in the BLA-IC projection. The results showed that the cortical microinjections of scopolamine and pirenzepine, but not AFDX-116, produced significant disruption in the acquisition of CTA, without effects during retrieval. Microinjections of scopolamine and AFDX-116 produced significant cortical ACh release, while infusions of pirenzepine did not produce any release. Application of scopolamine and pirenzepine diminished induction of LTP in the BLA-IC projection, but not AFDX-116, as compared with vehicle. The induction of BLA-CI LTP seems to be modulated by post-synaptic muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and not by pre-synaptic muscarinic receptors. These results suggest a differential involvement of cholinergic receptors during acquisition and retrieval of aversive memory formation, as well as a differential role of muscarinic receptors in the biochemical and electrophysiological processes that may underlay aversive memory. 相似文献
46.
Moderate elevations in circulating estradiol enhance learning in tasks that tap place learning strategies such as those requiring the use of extramaze cues. Use of place learning strategies is particularly impaired by damage to the hippocampus, a structure shown to be sensitive to estrogen treatments. We have shown that direct estrogen infusions into the dorsal hippocampus, and not the dorsolateral striatum, enhance place learning, suggesting that the hippocampus may be an important modulatory site for the effects of estrogen on place learning. The current experiment tested whether the hippocampus is indeed a critical site of estrogen modulation through classical estrogen receptors. Young adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized for 21 days and given systemic injections (0.1 ml) of sesame oil (OIL) or 10 microg of 17beta-estradiol-benzoate (E2), 48 and 24 h before being trained on a place task. Twenty-four hours prior to the first systemic injection, separate groups of rats received bilateral hippocampal implants of either the antiestrogen ICI 182,780 (ICI) or cholesterol vehicle. Implants were maintained until and throughout training. Intrahippocampal ICI reversed the enhancement in place learning seen with systemic E2 treatment. Unexpectedly, intrahippocampal ICI in OIL-treated rats also enhanced place learning. These data suggest that ICI may have some mixed agonist and antagonist effects in the hippocampus and that estrogen enhances place learning through activation of estrogen receptors located in the hippocampus. 相似文献
47.
48.
Russell Lang Mandy Rispoli Jeff Sigafoos Giulio Lancioni Alonzo Andrews Lilia Ortega 《Journal of Behavioral Education》2011,20(4):252-259
Discrete trial training was delivered using English and Spanish languages to a student with autism from a Spanish-speaking
family. An alternating treatments design was used to examine the effects of language of instruction on the child’s response
accuracy and challenging behavior. More correct responses and fewer challenging behaviors occurred when instruction was delivered
in Spanish compared to English. Results suggest that the language of instruction may be an important variable even when a
student initially presents with very little spoken language and comparable scores on English and Spanish standardized language
assessments. 相似文献
49.
50.
Ellen I. Shupe Lilia M. Cortina Alexandra Ramos Louise F. Fitzgerald & Jan Salisbury 《Psychology of women quarterly》2002,26(4):298-308
An extensive body of literature has documented the widespread and damaging nature of sexual harassment among Anglo women, but little attention has focused on the experiences of women of color. The current paper begins to address this gap by comparing sexual harassment incidence rates and psychological and work–related outcomes of Hispanic and non–Hispanic White women across varying levels of cultural affiliation. Chi–square tests of association suggest that risk of harassment increases with affiliation to the mainstream U.S. culture, and hierarchical regression analyses suggest that cultural affiliation moderates the relation between sexual harassment and occupational functioning. These provocative findings are discussed in the context of social and economic vulnerability, socio–sexual norms, and cultural background. 相似文献