排序方式: 共有72条查询结果,搜索用时 8 毫秒
51.
Bert De Smedt Rianne Janssen Lieven Verschaffel Pol Ghesquière 《Journal of experimental child psychology》2009,103(2):186-201
This longitudinal study examined the relationship between working memory and individual differences in mathematics. Working memory measures, comprising the phonological loop, the visuospatial sketchpad, and the central executive, were administered at the start of first grade. Mathematics achievement was assessed 4 months later (at the middle of first grade) and 1 year later (at the start of second grade). Working memory was significantly related to mathematics achievement in both grades, showing that working memory clearly predicts later mathematics achievement. The central executive was a unique predictor of both first- and second-grade mathematics achievement. There were age-related differences with regard to the contribution of the slave systems to mathematics performance; the visuospatial sketchpad was a unique predictor of first-grade, but not second-grade, mathematics achievement, whereas the phonological loop emerged as a unique predictor of second-grade, but not first-grade, mathematics achievement. 相似文献
52.
This study investigates the child-directed speech (CDS) of four Russian-, six German, and six English-speaking mothers to their 2-year-old children. Typologically Russian has considerably less restricted word order than either German or English, with German showing more word-order variants than English. This could lead to the prediction that the lexical restrictiveness previously found in the initial strings of English CDS by Cameron-Faulkner, Lieven, and Tomasello (2003 ) would not be found in Russian or German CDS. However, despite differences between the three corpora that clearly derive from typological differences between the languages, the most significant finding of this study is a high degree of lexical restrictiveness at the beginnings of CDS utterances in all three languages. 相似文献
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54.
Peter Stiers Ann Swillen Bert De Smedt Lieven Lagae Koen Devriendt Emiliano D'Agostino Stefan Sunaert Andjean-Pierre Fryns 《Child neuropsychology》2005,11(1):87-108
In this article the general and specific cognitive impairments of the boy R.H. with a de novo deletion 22q11.2 are described. His full-scale IQ was 73, and he obtained only slightly better verbal than non-verbal subtest scores. Neuropsychological assessment revealed specific impairments in perceptual categorization of objects presented suboptimal, matching of unfamiliar faces, and verbal learning and memory. In contrast, he performed in accordance with his intelligence level on other visual perceptual tasks, on non-verbal learning and memory tasks, and on attention tasks. Voxel-wise statistical comparison of a high-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance image of R.H's brain with similar images obtained from 14 normal control children revealed as major abnormalities a reduction of the right inferior parietal and superior occipital lobe, and a bilateral reduction of deep white matter behind the inferior frontal gyrus. These cognitive impairments and MRI abnormalities are not commonly described in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome and may indicate a larger heterogeneity in the neurocognitive phenotype than currently evidenced. At least in this boy the microdeletion seems to have interfered with the development and functioning of particular neural subsystems, while the structure and functioning of other subsystems was left intact. 相似文献
55.
Wouter Duyck Timothy Desmet Lieven P. C. Verbeke Marc Brysbaert 《Behavior research methods》2004,36(3):488-499
WordGen is an easy-to-use program that uses the CELEX and Lexique lexical databases for word selection and nonword generation
in Dutch, English, German, and French. Items can be generated in these four languages, specifying any combination of seven
linguistic constraints: number of letters, neighborhood size, frequency, summated position-nonspecific bigram frequency, minimum
position-nonspecific bigram frequency, position-specific frequency of the initial and final bigram, and orthographic relatedness.
The program also has a module to calculate the respective values of these variables for items that have already been constructed,
either with the program or taken from earlier studies. Stimulus queries can be entered through WordGen’s graphical user interface
or by means of batch files. WordGen is especially useful for (1) Dutch and German item generation, because no such stimulus-selection
tool exists for these languages, (2) the generation of nonwords for all four languages, because our program has some important
advantages over previous nonword generation approaches, and (3) psycholinguistic experiments on bilingualism, because the
possibility of using the same tool for different languages increases the cross-linguistic comparability of the generated item
lists. WordGen is free and available athttp://expsy.ugent.be/wordgen.htm. 相似文献
56.
Sleurs Charlotte Madoe Aline Lagae Lieven Jacobs Sandra Deprez Sabine Lemiere Jurgen Uyttebroeck Anne 《Neuropsychology review》2019,29(2):190-219
Neuropsychology Review - The rise in cancer survival rates has raised concerns about the long-term adverse effects of cancer treatment, including neurocognitive impairment. Neurocognitive deficits... 相似文献
57.
Do different forms of uncertainty account for different procedural fairness effects? We hypothesized that general uncertainty accounts for fairness judgments, whereas belongingness uncertainty accounts for group identification. Experiment 1 manipulated general versus belongingness uncertainty. Participants in the general uncertainty condition regarded the procedures as fairer when they were granted than denied voice, whereas participants in the belongingness uncertainty condition showed stronger group identification when they were granted than denied voice. Experiment 2 split the belongingness uncertainty condition into family and stranger uncertainty. Only participants in the family-belongingness uncertainty condition identified with their group when they were granted than denied voice. The findings have implications for the construct of uncertainty, models of procedural fairness, and group membership. 相似文献
58.
A validation of eye movements as a measure of elementary school children's developing number sense 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Michael Schneider Angela Heine Verena Thaler Joke Torbeyns Bert De Smedt Lieven Verschaffel Arthur M. Jacobs Elsbeth Stern 《Cognitive development》2008,23(3):409-422
The number line estimation task captures central aspects of children's developing number sense, that is, their intuitions for numbers and their interrelations. Previous research used children's answer patterns and verbal reports as evidence of how they solve this task. In the present study we investigated to what extent eye movements recorded during task solution reflect children's use of the number line. By means of a cross-sectional design with 66 children from Grades 1, 2, and 3, we show that eye-tracking data (a) reflect grade-related increase in estimation competence, (b) are correlated with the accuracy of manual answers, (c) relate, in Grade 2, to children's addition competence, (d) are systematically distributed over the number line, and (e) replicate previous findings concerning children's use of counting strategies and orientation-point strategies. These findings demonstrate the validity and utility of eye-tracking data for investigating children's developing number sense and estimation competence. 相似文献
59.
The child directed speech of twelve English‐speaking motherswas analyzed in terms of utterance‐level constructions. First, the mothers' utterances were categorized in terms of general constructional categories such as Wh‐questions, copulas and transitives. Second, mothers' utterances within these categories were further specified in terms of the initial words that framed the utterance, item‐based phrases such as Are you …, I'll …, It's …, Let's …, What did … The findings were: (i) overall, only about 15% of all maternal utterances had SVO form (most were questions, imperatives, copulas, and fragments); (ii) 51% of all maternal utterances began with one of 52 item‐based phrases, mostly consisting of two words or morphemes (45% began with one of just 17 words); and (iii) children used many of these same item‐based phrases, in some cases at a rate that correlated highly with their own mother's frequency of use. We suggest that analyses of adult–child linguistic interaction should take into account not just general constructional categories, but also the item‐based constructions that adults and children use and the frequency with which they use them. 相似文献
60.
Lieven Decock 《Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences》2006,5(2):197-225
This paper argues that phenomenal or internal metrical spaces are redundant posits. It is shown that we need not posit an
internal space-time frame, as the physical space-time suffices to explain geometrical perception, memory and planning. More
than the internal space-time frame, the idea of a phenomenal colour space has lent credibility to the idea of internal spaces.
It is argued that there is no phenomenal colour space that underlies the various psychophysical colour spaces; it is parasitic
upon physical and psychophysical colour spaces. The argumentation is further extended to other sensory spaces and generalised
quality spaces. 相似文献